Slater, M., Usoh, M. (1994). Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 3(2), 130-144.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....indicated. Keywords Auditory display, virtual environment, presence, ecological approach, affordance. INTRODUCTION A user s engagement in a virtual environment (VE) is largely a function of the user s sense of presence [5] This perceptual illusion of being there in a mediated environment [6,9] involves continuous responses of the human sensory, cognitive and affective processing systems to objects and entities in an environment. Although vision tends to be the dominant sensory channel [8] it is reported that auditory cues are important to the establishment of a full sense of ....

Slater, M., Usoh, M., & Steed, A. (1994). Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 1, 221-233.

....recently has the capability existed to directly manipulate objects in a VE. Consequently, the data are generally scarce in addressing how properties of the VE effect human performance, Eggleston, 1997) It has been shown that VEs need to run as smoothly and fast as possible to increase presence (Slater, Usoh M. and Steed A. 1994) and decrease simulator sickness. This research leads to the conclusion that the designers of VEs need to employ a system resources versus virtual world sensory cue cost benefit analysis of some description. Naive HCI decisions may prejudice the holistic performance of the system and lead to ....

....different things. Immersion essentially refers to extent of the sensory information and is a function of the enabling technology. There have been numerous attempts to produce a single metric representing the degree of presence for a VE and then relate this to some measure of human performance (Slater, et al. 1994). Traditional evaluation techniques do not take into account attributes such as presence, greater interactivity and other important factors. By its very nature presence is a multi dimensional factor that is highly dependent upon a number of inter related factors. Therefore, understanding presence ....

Slater, M., Usoh M., and Steed A., (1994), Depth of presence in virtual environments, Presence, vol. 3, pp. 130144.

....(p. 68) According to this author, physical presence accompanies subjective presence, consisting of the perception of being located in the same physical space in which a certain event occurs, a certain process takes place, or a certain person stands (Heeter, 1992; Sheridan, 1992; Steuer, 1992; Slater et al. 1994). Subjective presence is a necessary but not sufficient component of presence and, as such, is placed among the criteria of verification next to objective criteria. In particular, as Schloerb emphasizes several times, at the heart of the theory is the idea that presence involves objective ....

Slater M., Usoh M. & Steed A. (1994). Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence, Teleoperators, and Virtual Environments, 3, 130-144.

....or equivalent to those achieved when a physical environment is used. Another issue that has intrigued researchers is the measurement of presence, or immersion. Barfield has attempted in several studies (Barfield et al., 1995) to relate the level of presence to task performance. Slater s work (Slater, Usoh, and Steed, 1994, 1995) has examined the effects of various display modalities, interaction techniques, and system algorithms on the reported level of presence. One problem with this type of research is the lack of a standard definition of presence and an appropriate measurement technique. Most studies have used ....

Slater, M., Usoh, M., and Steed, A. (1994). Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments.

....for locating and orienting the user, searching for other users, and for moving directly to a point on the map. We have integrated into the collaborative tools the idea of body centred interaction (BCI) Slater Usoh, 1993) for application to a worlds within worlds or depth of presence concept (Slater et al. 1994). In the context of map exploration the BCI paradigm is used in dynamically sweeping out a road in the 3D space and in interactive shrinking and growing of the lost traveller. That is, after interactively creating a map outlining the route to the point of interest, the lost traveller may explore ....

Slater M., Usoh M., Steed A. (1994). Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, MIT Press, 3(2), pp130-144.

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Slater, M., Usoh, M., Steed, A., Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments, Presence Vol. 3 (2), pp. 130-144, 1994c.

.... virtual spaces is the most primitive and important special case [Iwata, 1999; Bowman, 1997] Most people believe, and studies confirm, that active usage of the participant s body, with the real proprioceptive sensations matched by synthetic visual and aural data, strongly affects virtual presence [Slater, 1994; Slater, 1997] Therefore research in locomotion has proceeded in two dimensions: development of wide area trackers so users can really walk about [Ward, 1992] and development of body active surrogates for walking: treadmills, bicycles, wheelchairs, roller skates, and walking inplace [Brooks, ....

....at one s virtual feet while swiveling the head, the virtual body shifted correspondingly. However, this effect was not always noticeable and only 10 of subjects reported it as a distraction. 2. 5 MEASURES AND DATA COLLECTION Several researchers have undertaken the quantification of presence [Slater, 1994; Ellis, 1996; Pausch, 1997] Subjective reporting using questionnaires is the most common method. This method, however, relies on eliciting responses about subjects Figure 4. View showing avatar. Figure 3. Sequence of images of the environment. The top left image shows a subject s view when ....

Slater, M., M. Usoh, and A. Steed, 1994: "Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments," Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, MIT Press, 3, 2: 130-144.

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Slater, M., M. Usoh and A. Steed (1994c) Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments, QMW University of London, submitted for publication.

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Slater, M., Usoh, M. (1994). Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 3(2), 130-144.

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Slater M., Usoh M., Steed A. "Depth of presence in virtual environments", Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 3 (2), 130-140, 1994.

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Slater, M., Usoh, M. & Steed, A. (1994). Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environment 3, 130-144.

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Slater, M., Usoh, M., & Steed, A. "Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments", Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 3, 130 - 144, 1994.

No context found.

Slater, M., Usoh, M., Steed, A. (1994). Depth of Presence in Virtual Environments, Presence, vol.3, no 2, pp.130144

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