Reza Rejaie, Mark Handley, and Deborah Estrin. Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet. Technical Report 98-681, CS Department, University of Southern California, November 1998.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....replication. 1.1 Related Work There are only few studies of caching and streaming of continuous media objects with proxy servers which are complementary to the issues studied in this paper. Re jaie et al. propose a proxy caching mechanism [26] in conjunction with a congestion control mechanism [24, 25] for layered encoded video. With layered encoding the compressed video stream is split into a base layer, which contains low quality encoding information, and enhancement layers, which improve the stream quality. The basic idea of their caching mechanism is to cache layers according to the ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. Architectural considera- tions for playback of quality adaptive video over the internet. In submitted for review, November 1998.

....fair share of network bandwidth and transmit at a rate that does not exceed this fair share. Applications with this property are said to be TCP friendly [7, 8] An application s fair share rate can be estimated by its round trip times and its loss rates [7 9] A. Related Research Rejaie et al. [21, 22] consider a broad range of architectural issues for streaming layered encoded video. They argue for the need for end to end congestion control, quality adaptation and error control for streaming applications. Their analysis assumes that (1) the congestion control mechanism employs an additive ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet," Tech. Rep., USC, Nov. 1998.

....fair share of network bandwidth and transmit at a rate that does not exceed this fair share. Applications with this property are said to be TCP friendly [7, 8] An application s fair share rate can be estimated by its round trip times and its loss rates [7 9] A. Related Research Rejaie et al. [21, 22] consider a broad range of architectural issues for streaming layered encoded video. They argue for the need for end to end congestion control, quality adaptation and error control for streaming applications. Their analysis assumes that (1) the congestion control mechanism employs an additive ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet," Tech. Rep., USC, Nov. 1998.

....transmission rate. The TCP characterization in [33] considers the effects of timeouts on TCP throughput. Rejaie et al. consider key architectural considerations for streaming layer encoded video, and propose a mechanism for using layered video in the context of unicast congestion control in [46] and [47] The authors argue for incorporation of end to end congestion control, quality adaptation and error concealment in Internet video streaming applications. Their work on quality adaptation proposes a mechanism for dynamically adding and dropping layers of a CBR encoded video stream to ....

....rates and fluctuating network traffic motivate the use of some sort of rate adaption at the server. There are several forms of rate adaptation, including adaptive encoding, switching between multiple encoded versions, and encoding and transmitting video layers (a.k.a. hierarchical encoding) [46]. In a prefetching context, layered encoding appears to offer the greatest flexibility. For example, with two layers, it may be possible to quickly prefetch the base layer so that it is always immediately available after user repositioning. With layered encoded video, when the long term average ....

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R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet. Technical report, USC, Nov. 1998.

....replication. 1.1 Related Work There are only few studies of caching and streaming of continuous media objects with proxy servers which are complementary to the issues studied in this paper. Rejaie et al. propose a proxy caching mechanism [26] in conjunction with a congestion control mechanism [24, 25] for layered encoded video. With layered encoding the compressed video stream is split into a base layer, which contains low quality encoding information, and enhancement layers, which improve the stream quality. The basic idea of their caching mechanism is to cache layers according to the ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the internet. In submitted for review, November 1998.

....or decrease is based on feedback information that the receivers send back to the sender. Many researchers believe that this end to end control scheme must be implemented in the application layer because today s Internet architecture does not provide such a mechanism in the network layer ( 20] [13]) The implementation of adaptation mechanisms in the applications is often criticized. The main arguments that rise against it are that the technologies that are used today for the implementation of the core networks, typically based on ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) technology, provide ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, D. Estrin. "Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the Internet", Technical Report 98-686, USC-CS, November 1998.

....fair share of network bandwidth and transmit at a rate that does not exceed this fair share. Applications with this property are said to be TCP friendly [7, 8] An application s fair share rate can be estimated by its round trip times and its loss rates [7 9] A. Related Research Rejaie et al. [21, 22] consider a broad range of architectural issues for streaming layered encoded video. They argue for the need for end to end congestion control, quality adaptation and error control for streaming applications. Their analysis assumes that (1) the congestion control mechanism employs an additive ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet," Tech. Rep., USC, Nov. 1998.

....fair share of network bandwidth and transmit at a rate that does not exceed this fair share. Applications with this property are said to be TCP friendly [6, 7] An application s fair share rate can be estimated by its roundtrip times and its loss rates [6 8] A. Related Research Rejaie et al. [20, 21] consider a broad range of architectural issues for streaming layered encoded video. They argue for the need for end to end congestion control, quality adaptation and error control for streaming applications. Their analysis assumes that (1) the congestion control mechanism employs an additive ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet," Tech. Rep., USC, Nov. 1998.

....replacement. 2 A. Related Work There are only few studies of caching and streaming of continuous media objects with proxy servers which are complementary to the issues studied in this paper. Rejaie et al. propose a proxy caching mechanism [4] in conjunction with a congestion control mechanism [5], 6] for layered encoded video. With layered encoding the compressed video stream is split into a base layer, which contains low quality encoding information, and enhancement layers, which improve the stream quality. The basic idea of their caching mechanism is to cache layers according to the ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the internet," in submitted for review, November 1998.

....some of the required segments by quality adaptation might be missing from the cache, and should be prefetched. MCaching assumes the existence of an end to end architecture for playback of quality adaptive multimedia streams in a congestion controlled fashion over the Internet (such as that in [4]) TCP friendly congestion control is performed using Rate Adaptation Protocol (RAP) 5] The quality adaptation module adjusts the quality of the played back stream. Hierarchical encoding [6] is used to provide a layered approach to quality adaptation. With hierarchical encoding, each stream is ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the Internet," Tech. Rep. 98-686, USC-CS, Nov. 1998.

....of the cached stream are not correlated with the required changes in playback quality due to quality adaptation during the new session. We have developed an end to end client server architecture for playback of quality adaptive multimedia streams in a congestion controlled fashion over the Internet[13]. We have adopted a layered approach to quality adaptation using hierarchical encoding[21] With hierarchical encoding, each stream is split into a base layer that contains the most essential low quality information, and higher layers that provide optional enhancement information. Thus the more ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the. Technical Report 98-686, USC-CS, November 1998.

....variations of the cached stream are not correlated with the quality variations required by quality adaptation during the new playback. We have developed an end to end client server architecture for playback of quality adaptive multimedia streams in a congestion controlled fashion over the Internet [4]. TCP friendly congestion control is performed using Rate Adaptation Protocol(RAP) 5] Hierarchical encoding [6] is used to provide a layered approach to quality adaptation. With hierarchical encoding, each stream is split into a base layer that contains the most essential low quality information, ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the Internet," Tech. Rep. 98-686, USC-CS, Nov. 1998.

....because there is no correlation between the variation in quality of the cached stream and the required quality for the new session. We have been working on an end to end client server architecture for playback of quality adaptive multimedia streams in a TCP friendly fashion over the Internet[17]. There are many ways to adjust the quality but the one we are investigating is to use layered encoding. With a layered codec, the compressed data is spilt into a base layer which contains the most essential low quality information and other layers which provide optional enhancement information. ....

....Section 5 addresses some of the related work on proxy caching for multimedia streams. Finally, section 6 concludes the paper and presents our future directions. 2 The Architecture Fig. 1 depicts our proposed end to end architecture for playback of quality adaptive realtime streams in the Internet[17]. All streams are layered encoded and stored at the server s archive. Here we assume linear layered encoding where all layers have the same bandwidth just for the sake of simplicity, but the architecture and the caching scheme can be extended for other bandwidth distribution of layered encoding as ....

Reza Rejaie, Mark Handley, and Deborah Estrin. Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the internet. Under Submission, November 1998.

....obtain approximately the same average bandwidth over the timescale of a session as a TCP flow along the same path under the same conditions of delay and packet loss [13] We have been working on an architecture (fig. 1) for delivery of layered encoded stored realtime streams over the Internet[20]. Our goal is to make realtime playback applications be good network citizens. A typical target application could be a web server or a video on demand server that provides access to a variety of multimedia streams for a large number of heterogeneous clients. The idea is to separate congestion ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the internet. Technical report 98-686, CS-USC, November 1998.

....because there is no correlation between the variation in quality of the cached stream and the required quality for the new session. We have been working on an end to end client server architecture for playback of quality adaptive multimedia streams in a TCP friendly fashion over the Internet[16]. There are many ways to adjust the quality but the one we are investigating is to use layered encoding. With a layered codec, the compressed data is spilt into a base layer which contains the most essential low quality information and other layers which provide optional enhancement information. ....

.... Buffer Manager Decoder Playout Buffer Archive Control Path Figure 1: End to end architecture for realtime playback applications in the Internet 2 The End to end Architecture Figure 1 depicts our proposed end to end architecture for playback of quality adaptive realtime streams in the Internet[16]. All streams are layered encoded and stored at the server s archive. Here we assume linear layered encoding where all layers have the same bandwidth just for the sake of simplicity, but the architecture and the caching scheme can be extended to other layeredencoding bandwidth distributions. ....

R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the. Technical Report 98-686, USC-CS, November 1998.

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Reza Rejaie, Mark Handley, and Deborah Estrin. Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet. Technical Report 98-681, CS Department, University of Southern California, November 1998.

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Reza Rejaie,Mark Handley, Deborah Estrin, Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON'00), 2000.

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Reza Rejaie,Mark Handley, Deborah Estrin, Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON'00), 2000.

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Reza Rejaie,Mark Handley, Deborah Estrin, Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON'00), 2000.

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R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin, "Architectural Considerations for Playback of Quality Adaptive Video over the Internet," In Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Networks, September 2000.

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R. Rejaie, M. Handley, and D. Estrin. "Architectural considerations for playback of quality adaptive video over the Internet", Technical Report 98-686, USC-CS, November 1998.

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