| S. Westin, J. Arvo, and K. Torrance, Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces, Computer Graphics 26 (1992), no. Annual Conference Series, 255--264. |
....such as, reflection, subsurface scattering, and polarization. During simulation, rays are shot from an incoming direction, and for each exitant direction the number of reflected rays is counted. The density and power of the reflected rays are used to estimate the BRDF for a given surface model [1, 24]. Such an approach to measuring BRDFs is easy to implement and gives consistent results. It requires, however, an accurate physical surface model that is usually hard to formulate, especially if wave e#ects are to be included. Also, usually having built the surface model it is straight forward to ....
Stephen H. Westin, James R. Arvo, and Kenneth E. Torrance. Predicting Reflectance Functions From Complex Surfaces. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH, 1992.
....of the geometrical description, and incomplete knowledge and imperfect simulation of the light scattering process. For surfaces having fractal behaviors any facet or interpolated representation means a cut in the similarity. A multiresolution approach is used to derive an accurate model [42]: 1. At macro scale the scene is described by the knowledge of the surface geometry. 2. A meso scale is introduced relative to the spatial resolution of the sensor. The pixel intensity is dependent on the local geometry, on the local roughness of surface at a resolution higher than the sensor s ....
S. H. Westin, J. R. Arvo, K. E. Torrance, "Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces", Computer Graphics, Vol. 26, July 1992.
....of the geometrical description, and incomplete knowledge and imperfect simulation of the light scattering process. For surfaces having fractal behaviours any facet or interpolated representation means a cut in the similarity. A multiresolution approach is used to derive an accurate model [16]: a b Figure 5. DEM, a 100m resolution; b fractal resampled DEM, 50m resolution 1. At macro scale the scene is described by the knowledge of the surface geometry. 2. A meso scale is introduced relative to the spatial resolution of the sensor. The pixel intensity is dependent on the local ....
S. H. Westin, J. R. Arvo, K. E. Torrance, "Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces", Computer Graphics, Vol. 26, July 1992.
....to switch from geometry to mapping of Phong parameters, then to reflectance model according to the distance. Transitions from geometry to bump and from bump to reflectance have been proposed in [1, 5, 7] Several reflectance models based on the surface microgeometry have been developed [11, 24, 8, 17, 6, 10, 9]. Most of these models consist in proposing a representation of the matter distribution, then to integrate the local illumination while addressing the visibility of the details for the viewer and for the light (i.e. self shadows) Volume shaders All the models above are designed for surface ....
Stephen H. Westin, James R. Arvo, and Kenneth E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 92), 26(2):255--264, July 1992. ISBN 0-201-51585-7. Held in Chicago, Illinois.
....even further, by allowing simpler models to be combined in flexible ways. As we have seen, both physically based and phenomenological models can only represent certain limited classes of surfaces. Given an arbitrary BRDF, whether it was measured directly or obtained through simulation (as in [Westin 92] there is no guarantee that any analytic model can represent it. This often does not meet the requirements of computer graphics, since in general one would like to produce realistic renderings of arbitrary surfaces. Thus, despite the simplicity and utility of analytic models, there have been ....
....should have fewer fewer nonzero (or at least non negligible) coe#cients than complex ones when expressed in this basis. Westin et al. present an implementation of using spherical harmonics to represent BRDFs, taking advantage of symmetry and reciprocity in the BRDF to reduce storage requirements [Westin 92] Full BRDF High frequency components removed (Torrance Sparrow) Spherical harmonics through order 8 retained) Figure 1: Ringing caused by truncation of high frequency terms. The graphs are goniometric plots of the BRDF as a function of reflectance angle, for a fixed angle of incidence. The ....
Westin, S., Arvo, J., and Torrance, K. "Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces", Proc. Siggraph, 1992.
.... wave optics to characterize reflection from rough surfaces, and this model can be used for global illumination [52] For many materials with complex microgeometries, there exists a natural hierarchy of scales, with geometrical optics taking over at the point when wave effects become negligible [60]. Another avenue by which physical optics effects can enter into radiative transfer is through physical measurements; incorporating bidirectional reflectance functions of actual materials is a prime example [57] 1.2 Dimensions and Units Every physically based simulation ultimately concerns ....
Stephen Westin, James Arvo, and Kenneth Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. Computer Graphics, 26(2):255--264, July 1992.
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S. Westin, J. Arvo, and K. Torrance, Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces, Computer Graphics 26 (1992), no. Annual Conference Series, 255--264.
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S. H. Westin, J. R. Arvo, and K. E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In ACM Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH'92), pages 255--264, 1992.
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S. H. Westin, J. R. Arvo, and K. E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH 92), 26(2):255-264, 1992.
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WESTIN, S., ARVO, J., AND TORRANCE, K. 1992. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In SIGGRAPH 92, 255--264.
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S. H. Westin, J. R. Arvo, and K. E. Torrance, "Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces," in Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM Press, 1992, pp. 255--264.
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S.H. Westin, J.R. Arvo and K.E. Torrance. Predicting Reflectance Functions From Complex Surfaces, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 92, 255--264.
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Westin, S. H., Arvo, J. R., and Torrance, K. E. Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces. Computer Graphics 26, 2 (July 1992), 255--264.
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Stephen H. Westin, James R. Arvo, and Kenneth E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '92 proceedings), pages 255--264, 1992.
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WESTIN S. H., ARVO J. R., TORRANCE K. E.: Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH (1992), ACM Press, pp. 255--264.
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S.H. Westin, J.R. Arvo, and K.E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 1992, pages 255--264, 1992. 2
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Stephen H. Westin, James R. Arvo, and Kenneth E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, pages 255--264. ACM Press, 1992.
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Stephen H. Westin, James R. Arvo, and Kenneth E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 92), 26(2):255--264, July 1992.
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WESTIN, S, ARVO, J, TORRANCE, K, Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces, SIGGRAPH `92, 255-264.
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S. Westin, J. Arvo, and K. Torrance. Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces. In Proc. SIGGRAPH, pages 255--264, July 1992. 14
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S. Westin, J. Arvo, and K. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In SIGGRAPH 92, pages 255--264, 1992.
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WESTIN, S, ARVO, J, TORRANCE, K, Predicting Reflectance Functions from Complex Surfaces, SIGGRAPH `92, 255-264.
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Stephen H. Westin, James R. Arvo, and Kenneth E. Torrance. Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. In SIGGRAPH 92, 1992.
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S. Westin, J. Arvo, and K. Torrance, Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces, Computer Graphics 26 (1992), no. Annual Conference Series, 255--264.
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S. Westin, J. Arvo, and K. Torrance, "Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces," Comput. Graph. 26(2), 255--264 (1992).
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