Adobe. The SVG Viewer, 2001. URL: http://www.adobe.com/svg.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....can solve alone. Volunteer computing works by enabling people to share their computers idle processing power through easy to use and highly accessible software that does not require expert help or technical knowledge. Like its predecessors, networks of workstations (NOWs) 7] and metacomputing [102], volunteer computing is a form parallel computing. It allows a large computational problem to be solved much faster than possible on a single computer by making use of many networked computers in parallel working at the same time on different parts of the same problem. Unlike other forms of ....

NCSA. The Metacomputer: One from Many, Nov. 1995. URL: http://www.ncsa. uiuc.edu/Cyberia/MetaComp/MetaHome.html

....compensation. By allowing anyone on the Internet to join as they please, true volunteer computing systems have the potential for pooling together the computing power of the millions of computers on the Internet. Today, it is estimated that there are about 300 million computers on the Internet [89]. If we can somehow get even a small fraction of these to work together, we can have a world wide supercomputer more powerful than any single supercomputer. The experience of distributed.net and SETI home already attest to this fact. One question in true volunteer computing today is what kinds of ....

S. Lawrence. The Net World in Numbers. The Standard, Feb. 7, 2000. URL: http://www.thestandard.com/research/metrics/display/0,2799, 10121,00.html

....a version of PNML. PEP (Sect. 6.4) features a Petri net based collection of tools. Design CPN (Sect. 6.5) was one of the first Petri net tools that implemented an XML based file format. Currently, there are several Petri net tools implementing PNML as one (or as the only) file format (e.g. Renew [25], PNK [23] PEP [22] VIPtool [9] 6.1 XML Techniques Implementing a new file format such as PNML for an existing tool requires some extra work. Fortunately, there are di#erent tools and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for implementing parsers for XML documents on di#erent platforms ....

....assumes that all labels are simple string labels without special semantics. Therefore, PNK provides a universal editor for all Petri net types. Moreover, PNK provides an API for loading a net and for accessing its objects, and thus can be seen as a Document Object Model for PNML. 6. 3 Renew Renew [25] was one of the first Petri net tools to provide XML based export and import. While its main focus lies on reference nets (object based Petri nets) Renew was designed as a multi formalism tool right from the start. In order to keep the higher levels independent of the actual Petri net type, ....

Renew: The Reference Net Workshop. URL http://www.renew.de. 2002/03/04.

....of problems. Our approach concentrates on detecting semantic problems by the client of a data feed. In general, prevention and detection mitigation are complementary as complete prevention is rare. Preventing problems. Our approach deals with the situation as it is today. The Semantic Web [3] suggests a grand vision for a comprehensive solution to syntax form and semantic failures, requiring many additions to the current Web. We concentrate on detecting semantic anomalies. Web Services emphasize service discovery and automatic information exchange integration. This is mainly related ....

W3C. The Semantic Web, Activity. URL: http://www.w3.org/2001.

....XML Descriptor is invoked at each repository and is requested to transmit its corresponding XML tree to the Collection Constructor module that acts as a broker . The collection Constructor module merges all individual XML trees to a unified XML tree according to the XML Data specification [16]. This pull model [15] that is applied for the construction of the resulting XML tree is preferred to a push model because it guaranties the consistency of the underlying document collection. If some nodes of the digital library are unavailable at the time of a transaction, they simply won t be ....

The XML-Data TR, 1998, URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/NOTE-XML- data-0105/ 11

....extended functionality as compared to similar search engine interfaces. The Search Engine module is responsible for locating documents that satisfy users requests. It is an XML oriented program that accepts queries following the XQL specifications [18] and returns results in the form of XML trees [3]. A cache database is also maintained to improve the overall performance of the digital library. Another component that resides in the middleware is the schema repository. It stores the necessary schemas that are used from the authors as templates and definition files for their documents. The ....

The XML Specifications, 1998, URL: http://www.w3.org/XML/#9802xml10

....is written in the Popcorn language described in section 2.2. The front end, which divides the scene into small chunks, submits the tracing jobs, and displays the results, is a separate program written in Standard ML. 10 Lightharp implements the specification for the ICFP 2000 Programming Contest [20]. Scenes to be rendered are described by a simple stack based language called GML. GML supports basic di#use and specular lighting, constructive solid geometry, and several advanced features such as procedural textures. The GML representation of a scene is typically quite compact because it can ....

ICFP. The third annual ICFP programming contest, 2000. URL: http://www.cs.cornell.edu/icfp/. 13

....using the ITEX macros described in 13. 8.1.3 ASCII Concrete Syntax The ASCII concrete syntax is the normal machine readable form for generating processable VDM material. It uses a syntactical form similar to that of modern functional programming languges such as Miranda [Tur85] Haskell [Has99] or Clean [Cle99] The ASCII Concrete syntax is seperate from, but related to, the ITEX macros used to render the Mathematical Concrete sytnax (see 13) The key part of the relation is that the ASCII syntax operator and symbol names match the ITEX macro names. 110 The VDM Reference 8.1.4 ....

The Haskell 98 Report. URL: http://www. haskell. org/onlinereport/, 1999.

....between our work and that of Tarr et al. 16] on composing separate views. Our composition is much more restricted than theirs, because we wish to preserve temporal safety properties in composition. The overall e#ect of composition in Ocsid is the same as that of weaving e.g. as in AspectJ [13, 1]. One can think of class and action names as explicit join points, but the analogy is somewhat stretched as in Ocsid there is no base structure into which to weave aspects. Superposition is a well established methodology for the specification of distributed systems. Our work is closest to work on ....

The AspectJ home page. At URL http://www.aspectj.org/, 2002.

....can be then sent to the summarizer and the results can then be presented and viewed. The summary information extracted from the documents can be stored in database templates. In addition, the user may search online for related databases (e.g. in the current news domain, the CIA World Fact Book[4] contains relevant information) from which additional information can be gleaned and merged with information from the set of articles for the summary. At the same time, representative images and videos illustrating new information or common content can be selected to be included in the summary. On ....

....are collected over a period of time to ensure large lexical coverage. Our database contains automatically retrieved descriptions of 12,453 entities at this moment. CDNS also includes tools for access to structured online databases, and currently can retrieve information from the CIA Fact Book [4] and the George Mason database of terrorist organizations [19] both of which provide information relevant to terrorism and current affairs in general. Our next step will be to incorporate information extracted by PROFILE or from remote databases in a summary. 5.2 Conceptual Summarization ....

CIA. The CIA world factbook. URL: http:// www.odci.gov/cia/publications/95fact, 1995.

....two file descriptors from a physical file to a socket. As the data transfer is performed entirely by the kernel, it can be guaranteed that the data will not be changed before the transmission is complete. Therefore, there is no need to protect the data against modification using MMU operations [33]. For applications such as web servers, the use of sendfile( can offer a significant increase in performance. If zero copy is not supported by the hardware, performance of sendfile( is similar to that of write( assuming the file is already in the buffer cache of the OS and does not need to be ....

....the copy is possible using a technique called page flipping. When page flipping is used, the data is mapped into the virtual address space of the application using the MMU. This requires both the packet payload and the user buffer to be aligned to page boundaries. 3 splice( is used by the paper [33] introducing the concept and TransmitFile( is used by Windows NT 21 The concept is demonstrated by Figure 5, where an application is receiving 8592 bytes of data into a buffer which starts from offset 3696 inside a 4 kB page. Three packets arrive, containing 4096, 400 and 4096 bytes ....

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McVoy L. (1998) The splice I/O model. URL: http://www.bitmover.com/lm/papers/splice.ps, 5 p. 67

....the 2 nd plan (FICYT) of research of the Principado de Asturias, Spain, under project PBP TIC 97 01 Sistema Integral Orientado a Objetos: OVIEDO3 by Carbayonia, allowing user objects to construct some aspects of the execution environment. There are some projects, like ApertOS [2] and Merlin [3], studying the use of reflectivity to design and construct OS, abstract machines, languages, 3 Object Environment Reflectivity is used to extend the machine behavior and is expressed attaching to an object a set of objects, which will be named the object environment. The key idea in the ....

The Merlin Project, URL http://www.lsi.usp.br/~jecel/merlin.html, November, 1996

....of Style and Authority Figure 4. Relationships Between Properties of Standards 96 Consortium to develop a standardized. An extreme example of a standard that simply caught on, is found in the ubiquitous smiley face used in email to denote humor, and expressed as: According to [16], this was invented by one Scott Fahlman on the Carnegie Melon University bulletin board about 1980. ELEMENTS OF STANDARDS As shown in Figure 3, there are several kinds of elements of a standard. The function of the normative elements is to convey the nature of the class of objects of ....

The On-Line hacker Jargon File, version 4.0.0, 24 JUL 1996, URL: http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/jargon/.

No context found.

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L. Bruno: Balancing the Load On Web Servers. CMPnet, September 21, 1997. URL: http://www.data.com/roundups/balance.html

....3.1 The System Engineering Problem The main idea of the project was to give students a problem not of a pure software character and which it would not be possible to solve by software development alone. The main assignment was to explain the capsize of the Vasa, a 17th century Swedish warship [2] and to develop a simulation model which would visualize the stability of the Vasa, or a userconfigured ship [ 1 ] Stability calculations are derived from basic forces of physics: gravity and buoyancy. Due to limited space, we do not explain the details, but Figure 1 visualizes the forces in ....

The Wasa Museum, URL: http://www.vasamuseet.se/indexeng.html, 2002

....of PNML. PEP (Sect. 6.4) features a Petri net based collection of tools. Design CPN (Sect. 6.5) was one of the first Petri net tools that implemented an XML based file format. Currently, there are several Petri net tools implementing PNML as one (or as the only) file format (e.g. Renew [25] PNK [23], PEP [22] VIPtool [9] 6.1 XML Techniques Implementing a new file format such as PNML for an existing tool requires some extra work. Fortunately, there are di#erent tools and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for implementing parsers for XML documents on di#erent platforms and for ....

....Library) Jing can validate these string values. Other more specific values must be validated by external tools. See URL http: www.thaiopensource.com relaxng jing.html for more details. 6. 2 Petri Net Kernel PNML has been strongly influenced by the development of the Petri Net Kernel (PNK) [28, 23]. PNK is an infrastructure for building Petri net tools. Thus, it provides methods to manage Petri nets of di#erent types. PNK implements a data model for Petri nets that is similar to that of PNML. Each place, transition, arc, or even the net may contain several labels according to the Petri net ....

The Petri Net Kernel. URL http://www.informatik.hu-berlin.de/top/pnk/. 2001/11/09.

....techniques, such as equivalences and model checking. Strong bisimulation over Esterel programs corresponding to LTS states is considered and proved to be a congruence w.r.to Esterel constructs. A method to develop a compositional proof system for Esterel is sketched. 1 Introduction Esterel [4, 3] is an imperative synchronous language [1, 5] designed to program reactive systems [8] namely systems that maintain a permanent interaction with their environment. Esterel is tailored for programming hardware and software synchronous controllers for which the control handling aspects are ....

....system to inputs from its environment and communications among subsystems are instantaneous. In practice, this amounts to requiring that the environment is invariant during reactions. Ability to react to any input (reactivity) and without making self justi ed assumptions (construc tiveness, see [3]) and uniqueness of reaction (determinism) are essential properties for synchronous controller programming. As discussed in [4, 9, 2, 3] instantaneous communications among subprograms may originate cycles of causality between statuses of communicated signals, giving rise to nonreactivity, ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

G. Berry: The Constructive Semantics of Pure Esterel. Version 2.0, 1996, URL: http://www.inria.fr/meije/personnel/Gerard.Berry.html.

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CISCO. The Abacus Project, CISCO Systems, Inc., June 2001. URL: http://www.digital.com/info/security/id.htm (on-line resource).

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