| L. Cremer. The Physics of the Violin. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1984. |
....modes of the bar and hence remove spatial sampling. In order to interface with a non linearly coupled excitation, the physical quantities at spatial points are necessary inputs to the non linearity. While there is no previous work on the bowed bar, the bowed string has been intensively studied [5, 6] and physical modeling has been successfully applied to the problem [7] The concept of digital waveguide filters [8] has led to models which are efficient enough to be used in performance. The struck bar has been modeled either using sinusoidal [1, 2] or modal [3, 4] methods for efficient ....
....however, do increase with force. The regime of oscillation is found to depend on both bowing velocity and bowing force. In general, minimum and maximum bowing velocity increases with increasing bowing force. All the results mentioned so far correspond to measured results known from the bowed string[5, 6]. However, it should be pointed out that the usual intuition used for the bowed string derived from Helmholtz motion to understand the behavior regarding minimum and maximum bowing force, force dependent spectral content from corner rounding and sharpening cannot be applied to the bowed bar. ....
Cremer, L., "The Physics of the Violin," MIT Press, 1984.
....and mature techniques in the general non linear framework. 2 The exception from this is the famous Wolf tone, a tone that periodically collapses despite constant bowing. The phenomenon is particularly strong on the cello and is caused by a non linear coupling between of a string and body mode [6]. 15. Cluster Weighted Modeling 367 The limitations of Arti cial Neural Networks (ANNs) have become apparent almost as quickly as their modeling power: networks take long to converge, coecients are only meaningful in the context of the entire model and failure and success of an architecture are ....
....instruments, is characterized by slowly varying boundary conditions that map into a fast audio signal. The non linear interaction between bow and string causes the slow player motion to be turned into the famous Helmholtz motion which contains the frequency components of the nal audio signal [6]. The slow and fast elements describe two di erent times scales which, if mixed, confuse each other. Instead, fast and slow dynamics and the corresponding state variables need to be treated di erently. CWM provides the means to implement such distinction: The slowly varying boundary conditions are ....
Lothar Cremer. The Physics of the Violin. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1984.
....of musical instruments at least since the ancient Greeks. In the 19th century, Helmholtz made many pioneering discoveries in the musical acoustics of bowed strings and sound perception [70] The field of musical acoustics continues to thrive today, and excellent textbooks are still being written [5, 12, 16]. Use of physical models in music synthesizers is only just beginning. 1 Historically, physical models of musical instruments have led to prohibitively expensive synthesis algorithms, analogous to articulatory speech models [44, 8, 24] However, using To be published in the Proceedings of the ....
....with the reed which was a one port terminating the bore at the mouthpiece. In the case of bowed strings, the primary control variable is bow velocity, so velocity waves are the natural choice for the sampled wave variables in the delay lines. The theory of bow string interaction is described in [12, 18, 32, 36, 37]. The basic operation of the bow is to reconcile the bow string friction curve with the string state and string wave impedance. In a bowed string simulation as in Fig. 3, a velocity input (which is injected equally in the left and right going directions) must be found such that the transverse ....
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L. Cremer, The Physics of the Violin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984.
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L. Cremer. The Physics of the Violin. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1984.
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) Cremer, L., The Physics of the Violin, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA., 1984.
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