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K. Toyama, Handling tradeoffs between precision and robustness with incremental focus of attention for visual tracking, in: AAAI Fall Symposium on Flexible Computation in Intelligent Systems, 1996.

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Monitoring And Control of anytime algorithms: a dynamic.. - Hansen, Zilberstein (2001)   (13 citations)  (Correct)

....in a chess game [30] For other problems, the utility of a solution may also depend on the state of a dynamic environment that can change unpredictably after the start of the algorithm. Examples include real time planning [2] mobile robot control [8] medical diagnosis [17] and image tracking [35]. For such problems, meta level control can be further improved by monitoring the state of the environment as well as the progress of problem solving. In this section, we discuss how to extend our framework for meta level control to allow monitoring the environment as well as monitoring the ....

K. Toyama, Handling tradeoffs between precision and robustness with incremental focus of attention for visual tracking, in: AAAI Fall Symposium on Flexible Computation in Intelligent Systems, 1996.


If at First You Don't Succeed... - Toyama, Hager (1997)   (3 citations)  Self-citation (Toyama)   (Correct)

....are a few of the typical problems. Researchers have expended significant time and effort trying to handle these problems from an antefailure perspective. Distractions, or objects similar to the target, can be ignored by processing only a narrow window of pixels surrounding the target (Hager Toyama 1996a; Vincze 1996) or using foveation to effectively blur the image region around the target (Burt van der Wal 1990; Terzopoulos Rabie 1995) Occlusions, where opaque objects intercept the camera s line of sight to the target, can be handled by robust matching techniques (Gennery 1992; Hager ....

....methods are therefore inadequate. A post failure mechanism for recovering track of a lost target is necessary. Incremental Focus of Attention The Incremental Focus of Attention (IFA) framework begins to fill this gap using post failure methods. Because most of this work is reported elsewhere (Toyama 1996; Toyama Hager 1996) we offer only a brief description. The framework combines multiple tracking schemes, using them as attention focusing mechanisms which rapidly find a target object in an image. Each tracking algorithm is assigned to a layer in the framework s hierarchy (see Figure 1) ....

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Toyama, K. 1996. Handling tradeoffs between precision and robustness with incremental focus of attention for visual tracking. In Working Notes AAAI Symp. on Flexible Computation in Intelligent Systems, 142--147.

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