Gibson, S., Mirtich, B. "A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics". Technical Report. No TR-97-19. Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory. November 1997.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....passive objects (such as clothing, footwear and other accessories) deformation of soft tissues and organs and interaction among soft or elastic objects. Automatic, predictable and robust simulation of realistic deformation is one of the many challenges in computer animation and medical simulation [8]. One of the most difficult issues in generating realistic motion of non rigid objects is to simulate contact between between them. When two flexible objects collide, they exert reaction forces on each other resulting in the deformation of both objects. Similarly when one flexible body self ....

S. F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report Technical Report, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, 1997.

....approximations can be made in an informed fashion to trade accuracy with storage and complexity. For the graphic simulation of contact interaction with local deformation, we used the analytical solutions of contact mechanics. However the methods of computation of deformation in computer graphics [6, 8] could be used to represents the visual appearance. Graphics and haptics should be done as separate processes as the constraints, models and hardware are completely different. However graphics and haptic process could share some aspects of the simulation such as the determination of the contact ....

Gibson, S. F. F., Mirtich, B. 1997. A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics. Tech. Rep. TR97-19, Mitsubishi Electronic research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA.

.... user modification of the shape of the surface [5, 25] Such approaches are often referred to as physics based modelling : changes in shape of a dynamically deformable surface are controlled by a set of virtual springs attached to it, constraining its shape [20] A survey is provided by Gibson [8]. Later work has included other constraints such as forces caused by collision between surfaces, and is commercially available in software provided by such companies as MathEngine. 4 Very similar technology is widely used in computer vision for finding and tracking boundaries of objects in ....

S. F. F. Gibson and B. Mirtich, A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, Technical Report TR-97-19, 1997

....momentum, computational algebraic topology, active contours, road database updating. 1 Introduction. In recent years, deformable models have been widely studied since the introduction of active contours by Kass et al. [6] To solve these problems, many different approaches have been proposed [5, 9] in particular, physical models derived from equations of continuum mechanics. Among these models, we are concerned with those related to the deformation of curves [6, 12] They are very useful in automatic updating of road databases [2] For a given curve #, the application of these methods ....

S.F.F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics. Technical report, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, 1997.

.... [59, 60] Medical simulators allow students to practice [123] and help to predict and plan some surgical procedures [67] Medical robotics can also profit from user interfaces with haptic feedback [112] Force simulation plays a very important role in the creation and animation of virtual worlds [40]. Forces are a very natural way for a designer to interact with virtual objects. Realistic force responses are intuitive because they copy the behavior of our surrounding physical world. A realistic force response is a powerful method to manipulate complex surfaces while meeting other constraints. ....

....with physical limits [126] Another example is the Virtual Clay system of McDonnell, Qin and Wlodarczyk [79] where forces during sculpting are simulated in real time allowing the creation of virtual sculptures. Many computer graphics techniques have evolved over the years to model deformations [40]. These techniques vary from full continuum models for elastic materials, through mass spring particle systems, to very ad hoc methods. But even the most elaborate deformation model will be unrealistic if the simulated material does not match the real physical object. The measurement of these ....

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S.F.F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR-97-19, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA, Nov. 1997.

....in Section 6. 2 Related Work There has been extensive research effort in areas of geometric deformation, and a large collection of major developments were captured in several surveys. These include surveys by McInerney and Terzopoulos [23] on deformable models in medical image analysis, Gibson [16] on deformable modeling in computer graphics, Lemos and Wyvill [19] on deformable models in animation of articulated figures. Noh and Neumann [25] on facial modeling and animation. In respect to volumetric representations, a number of techniques have been developed, and applications in ....

S. Gibson and Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR97-19, MERL Technical Report, 1997.

....this paper we consider Bzier representations, spline representations and spring models for our objects and discuss their tradeoffs. Graphics In graphics physically based models have been proposed for deformable parts [56, 57] A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics can be found in [22]. The use of physical simulation and related optimization techniques as a means of geometric interaction has been applied to animation [58] drawing [59] free form surface and volume modeling [15] mechanical design [65] and interactive molecular simulation [55] For a discussion on the dynamic ....

....geometric representation in which it is easy to express the parameters of the manipulation constraint (see Section 5) Different geometric representations can be used to model the configuration space of a deformable object. 11 The most usual ones are polynomial and finite element representations [6, 21, 22]. In our work we have considered Bzier curves, splines and spring models. 4.2 Computation of Stable Equilibrium Configurations Once a geometric representation has been chosen, the elastic energy of the object is obtained by integrating over the volume of the object the density of elastic energy ....

S. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR-97-19, MERL, 1997.

....10] for elastic plates. In previous work deformations were essentially two dimensional. In the present paper we consider true three dimensional deformations of three dimensional volumes. We model our volumes with a massspring representation. Mass spring models have been used in computer graphics [4] and physically based modeling (e.g. 7, 13] but have not been applied to motion planning problems. Our manipulation constraints restrict the position and orientation of two opposite faces. Our planner is a variation of probabilistic roadmaps [8] At a preprocessing stage, it creates random ....

S. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR-97-19, MERL, 1997.

....geometry of the objects and their mechanical properties and employ powerful minimization procedures to compute their shape as a local minimum of their internal energy. Hence the work in this paper draws from research in geometric modeling [8] mechanics [32] optimization theory [28] and graphics [10]. An important issue in PRM planners is the method for choosing the random configurations for the construction of the roadmaps. Recent work has considered several alternatives to a uniform random distribution of configurations for rigid or articulated robots. A resampling step, creating ....

S. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR-97-19, MERL, 1997.

....2 Related Work There is a lot of research done in physically correct deformable modeling. Physical simulation, ranging from mass spring models to finite element methods [13] is often used in deformable modeling as a controlling mechanism. Gibson and Mirrich give a comprehensive survey of this in [3]. In contrast to prior work, space time adaptive sampling applied to finite element methods achieves physically correct real time deformations [ 1, 2] Purely geometric surface deformation engines have not been given much attention. The idea of a geometric deformation primitive was first ....

S. Gibson, B. Mirtich. A survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics. MERL Technical Report, TR-97-19, November 1997.

....graphics community, object deformation has been successfully implemented using many types of object models. However, most of these methods suffer in application to haptic rendering because they cannot provide force feedback at interactive rates. We refer to the technical report by Gibson et al. [10] for a survey of deformable models used in computer graphics. Free form solid deformation [5, 23] is the most broad approach to modeling real solids. It has been used as an extension of Geometric Modeling to create more realistic design environments for human modelers; it separates the underlying ....

S. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR97-19, MERL, 1997, http://www.merl.com/papers/docs/TR97-19.pdf.

....is still a challenge. This paper proposes a solution to this problem, using an adaptive physically based model which is locally animated at different levels of detail. 1. 1 Related work Background on deformable models Many approaches have been developed for animating deformable objects (see [17] for a thorough overview) but only few models can be used when aiming at real time performance. Global deformation models have been designed for interactive animation, but they restrict deformations to the combination of a # #debunne cani# imag.fr,#mathieu barr# cs.caltech.edu Figure 1: Our ....

S. F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical report, MERL, November 1997. TR97 -19, http://www.merl.com.

....Work Modeling deformation has been studied in several fields, including computer graphics, geometric modeling, computer vision, computational mathematics, biomechanics, engineering and many others. An excellent survey of literature on deformable modeling in computer graphics can be found in [GM97] In this section, we focus on physically based modeling techniques and mechanics for modeling deformation of soft tissues or other highly nonlinear materials. 2.1 Modeling Deformation Linear elastic models have been successfully used in real time applications where only small deformations and ....

S. F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report Technical Report, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, 1997.

....a planning context. In this paper we consider B ezier and cubic spline representations for our objects and discuss their tradeoffs. Graphics In graphics physically based models have been proposed for deformable parts [50, 51] A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics can be found in [16]. The use of physical simulation and related optimization techniques as a means of geometric interaction has been applied to animation [52] drawing [53] free form surface and volume modeling [9] mechanical design [57] and interactive molecular simulation [48] For a discussion on the dynamic ....

....not to be empty, the geometric representation has to be correctly chosen with respect to the manipulation constraints used. Different geometric representations can be used to model the configuration space of a flexible object. The most usual ones are polynomial and finite element representations [4, 15, 16]. In our work we have considered different representations like B ezier curves and splines. Approximation of a stable equilibrium configuration Once a geometric representation has been chosen, a stable equilibrium configuration corresponding to a manipulation constraint is computed by searching ....

S. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR-97-19, MERL, 1997.

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Gibson, S., Mirtich, B. "A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics". Technical Report. No TR-97-19. Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory. November 1997.

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S. F. F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics. Technical report, Mitsubish Electric Research Laboratoy, 1997.

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S. Gibson and B. Mirtich, "A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics", MERL Technical Report, TR97-19, 1997.

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S. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical report, Tech. Report No. TR-97-19, Mitsubishi Electric Research Lab., Cambridge, MA., 1997.

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S. Gibson and B. Mirtich, "A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics", MERL Technical Report, TR97-19, 1997.

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Gibson, S. F. F., Mirtich, B. 1997. A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics. Tech. Rep. TR97-19, Mitsubishi Electronic research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA.

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S.F.F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report TR-97-19, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA, Nov. 1997.

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S. F. Gibson, and B. Mirtich, "A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics", Technical Report No. TR-9719, Mitsubishi Electric Research Lab., Cambridge, USA, November 1997.

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S. F. Gibson and B. Mirtich. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. Technical Report Technical Report, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, 1997.

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S. F. F. Gibson and B. Mitrich, "A Survey of Deformable Modeling in Computer Graphics", Technical report, http://www.merl.com, TR-97-19, MERL, Nov.1997

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Gibson, S. and Mirtich, S. A survey of deformable modeling in computer graphics. http://www.merl.com.

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