S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (PIM), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....a teleconference application might run on top of multiple protocols. Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) 1] in a host stores information about the groups that host is participating in. Based on the membership information the multicast routing protocols such as DVMRP [2] MOSPF [3] PIM [4, 5, 6] or CBT [7] create multicast forwarding state in the routers. A reservation protocol such as RSVP [8] or ST II [9, 10] may reserve network resources for the teleconferencing session along the multicast tree. The state has to be modified to reflect the changes in network conditions. The network ....

....routing protocol Core Based Tree (CBT) 7] establishes hard state. On the other hand, Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) 8] uses a datagram messaging protocol with periodic refreshes to maintain soft state in network nodes. Protocol Independent Multicast(PIM) another multicast routing protocol [4, 5, 6], also has control messages that are exchanged periodically to keep the multicast forwarding entries; a forwarding entry that is not refreshed is discarded. In hard state architectures, control messages are exchanged among the nodes for installing as well as removing the state and no periodic ....

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S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (pim), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

....6 bits for the county that gives 22 bits which is 1 64 of the total IP v4 multicast addressing space. With IPv6 we will have, of course, much more addressing space which we can use for the GPS multicast routing. 4.3. 4 PIM solution The receiver driven Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) 6] 7] [8] comes in two flavors: Sparse Mode (PIM SM) and Dense Mode (PIM DM) PIMDM is essentially the same data driven model currently in use now except with a little extra PIM overhead. It is meant to be used in a local environment which is bandwidth rich and which has a large number of receivers. PIM DM ....

S. Deering and D. Estrin and D. Farinacci and V. Jacobson, Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification, Internet Draft, March 1994.

....6 bits for the county that gives 22 bits which is 1 64 of the total IP v4 multicast addressing space. With IPv6 we will have, of course, much more addressing space which we can use for the GPS multicast routing. 5.4. 4 PIM solution The receiver driven Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) 7] 8] [9] comes in two flavors: Sparse Mode (PIM SM) and Dense Mode (PIM DM) PIM DM is essentially the same data driven model currently in use now except with a little extra PIM overhead. It is meant to be used in a local environment which is bandwidth rich and which has a large number of receivers. ....

S. Deering and D. Estrin and D. Farinacci and V. Jacobson, Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification, Internet Draft, March 1994.

.... hopes that the paths are symmetric 21 Use of a priori information Automatic location of distribution centers Choice between SST and CST Tree formation based on resource availability Support of multiple routing protocols Minimal tree state information Minimal router processing Goal CBT [1] PIM [2,3,4] DVMRP [5, 8] MOSPF [7, 8] N N N N N N Y Y N N Y N Y Y N N N N N N N N Y N Y Y Table 3: Existing Approaches vs. Design Goals Support for asymmetric topologies N N N Y Proposed Approach Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Note 1 Note 2 Note 3 Note 1: Y for sparse mode, N for dense mode Note 2: N for sparse mode, Y for ....

Stephen Deering, Deborah Estrin, Dino Farinacci, and Van Jacobson, Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol Specification, Internet Draft, draft-ietf-idmr-pim-densespec -00.txt, March 1994.

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S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification. Internet draft, Mar. 1994.

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S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification. Internet draft, Mar. 1994.

....Autonomous Systems (AS) Domains may be connected as service provider customers in a hierarchical manner or connected as peering neighbors, or both. Normally a domain is controlled by a single entity and can run an intra domain multicast routing protocol of its choice, such as DVMRP [14] PIM DM [7], MOSPF [13] PIM SM [3] CBT [3] etc. An inter domain multicast routing protocol is deployed at border routers of a domain to construct multicast trees connecting to other domains. A border router capable of multicast communicates with its peer(s) in other domain(s) via inter domain multicast ....

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification. Internet draft, Mar. 1994.

....construct source specific tree, and in the second category, protocols utilize shared tree. For the convenience of discussion, we call the former category as source specific tree scheme, and the latter one as shared tree scheme. According to this classification, we can say, DVMRP [11] PIM DM [4], and MOSPF [10] belong to source specific tree scheme category, while CBT [3] PIM SM [6] and BIDIR PIM [9] are basically shared tree schemes (of course, PIM SM can also activate source specific tree when needed) Source specific tree scheme constructs a separate delivery tree for each source. ....

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification. Internet draft, March 1994.

....construct source specific tree, and in the second category, protocols utilize shared tree. For the convenience of discussion, we call the former category as source specific tree scheme, and the latter one as shared tree scheme. According to this classification, we can say, DVMRP [12] PIM DM [5], and MOSPF [11] belong to source specific tree scheme category, while CBT [3] PIM SM [7] and BIDIR PIM [10] are basically shared tree schemes (of course, PIM SM can also activate source specific tree when needed) Source specific tree scheme constructs a separate delivery tree for each source. ....

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Dense Mode Protocol : Specification. Internet draft, March 1994.

....is an outgoing interface listed in ( G) entry, then it creates a negative cache entry for (S,G) with the outgoing interface list copied from the ( G) outgoing interface list except LAN, so later packets for (S,G) will not be forwarded onto LAN. The second approach uses a PIM Assert message, see [4]. When a packet is received on an outgoing interface for (S,G) a PIM Assert message is sent on that interface (i.e. it is addressed to 224.0.0.2) Routers on the LAN will process the PIM Assert according to the following rules; assume that router X receives a PIM Assert message for (S,G) from ....

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (pim), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

....and group dynamics. The robustness, flexibility, and scaling properties of this architecture make it well suited to large heterogeneous internetworks. This document motivates and describes the PIM architecture. Companion documents describe the protocol mechanisms for both sparse and dense mode PIM[1, 2]. Status of This Memo This document is an Internet Draft. Internet Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) its Areas, and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet Drafts) Internet Drafts are draft documents ....

....control message processing, and data packet processing required across the entire network in order to deliver data packets to the members of the group. This document motivates and describes the PIM architecture. Companion documents describe the protocol mechanisms for both sparse and dense mode PIM[1, 2]. 1.1 Background In the traditional IP multicast model, established by Deering[4] a multicast address is assigned to the collection of receivers for a multicast group. Senders simply use that address as the destination address of a packet to reach all members of the group. The separation of ....

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S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (pim), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

....Current implementations of IP Multicast in the Internet use source specific multicast tree, e.g. DVMRP [9, 19] and MOSPF [15] where each sender of a group has its own multicast tree rooted at the sender. Protocols that use group shared tree have also been developed, including CBT [4] and PIM [11, 12], which are more scalable and independent of the underlying unicast routing protocols. Mobility raises several issues for IP Multicast. A mobile receiver will experience additional delay in receiving multicast packets when it moves into a network with no group members. A mobile sender may or may ....

S.E. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (PIM) dense mode protocol: Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

....that are periodically initiated by endpoints. When the endpoints stop initiating refreshes the state automatically times out. Similarly, if the intermediate state disappears, it is re established by the end point initiated refreshes [1] Many soft state designs, such as RSVP [2] RTP [3] and PIM [4, 5, 6], use best effort messages to carry the refreshes. These traditional periodic refreshes generated at fixed periods scale poorly with the increase in the amount of state. Some designers have suggested using explicitly acknowledged, reliable, messages in place of these periodic refreshes [7] The ....

....and various protocols. For instance a teleconference application might run on top of multiple protocols. Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) 8] stores information about the hosts participating in the conference. Based on the membership information the multicast routing protocols such as PIM [4, 5, 6] or CBT [9] create multicast forwarding state in the routers. A reservation protocol such as RSVP [2] or ST II [10, 7] may reserve network resources for the teleconferencing session along the multicast tree. The state has to be modified to reflect the changes in network conditions. The network ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (pim), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

No context found.

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (pim), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

No context found.

S. Deering, D. Estrin, D. Farinacci, and V. Jacobson. Protocol independent multicast (PIM), dense mode protocol : Specification. Internet Draft, March 1994.

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