M. Manohar and A. Prakash. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. Proceedings of ACM MULTIMEDIA'95, pages 45-56. Nov. 1995.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....channels [4] Their production and communication components are both strong, while their coordination component is variable. Clearboard [13] is a system that merges a shared drawing tool and a video connection by superposing them on the same screen with a transparent overlay technique. ReplayKit [15] is a toolkit for integrating and synchronizing voice communication with the window events of a replicated application. TeamRoom [20] uses a notion of room to join together different collaborative applications. TeamRoom applications can be started then left open in a room until someone else picks ....

M. Manohar and A. Prakash. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. Proceedings of ACM MULTIMEDIA'95, pages 45-56. Nov. 1995.

....packet switched networks, and provides solutions to the problems that arise in multipoint audio and video control. The Argo system [4] on the other hand, is built to let users collaborate remotely using video, audio, shared applications, and whiteboards. Synchronization has been studied by Manohar [5]. They study methods to enable the faithful replay of multimedia objects under varying system parameters. To accomplish synchronization of different session objects, they provide an adaptive scheduling algorithm. Wolf et al. [6] show how an application can be shared among heterogeneous systems. ....

N.R. Manohar and A. Prakash, "Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings", ACM Multimedia 95, Pages 45-56

....a single external entity. Event management is then much more simple and accurate, since it is performed by one entity. Communication delays between objects are shorter and we do not need associated locking mechanisms. A synchronization mechanism based on global events has been already proposed [5]. In this approach, events are global: all the streams to be synchronized contain the same events, so that they can be matched to enforce synchronization. In our model, events are provided by objects and synchronization is maintained by tight control of the distance between these events. A ....

Manohar, N.R., Prakash, A.: Dealing with Synchronization and Timing Variability in the Playback of Session Recordings. Proc. of ACM Multimedia'95, San Francisco, CA, pages 45--56, November 5--9, 1995.

....are represented by means of attribute based selection of a Petri nets based specification. However, these works do not address the issues that arise in an collaborative environment. Also, the specifications of the requirements are fixed in nature. Synchronization has also been studied by Manohar [14]. They study methods to enable the faithful replay of multimedia objects under varying system parameters. To accomplish synchronization of different session objects, they provide an adaptive scheduling algorithm. In [12] a Time flow Graph (TFG) model has been proposed to represent fuzzy or ....

N.R. Manohar and A. Prakash, "Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings", ACM Multimedia 95, Pages 45-56.

....policy is adopted for each type of I,P or B frames. Like all the approaches described above, they also assume that the display time of a video frame is negligible, which in practice may not be valid (see Section 3) and may lead to skews larger than = Gamma 80 ms. Also, as Manohar showed in [12], the variability normally present on the master stream may be increased if the master stream initiates the interstream synchronization. The problem of n streams synchronization having the same source, has been previously addressed in [3, 4, 8, 17, 22] Solutions either perform intrastream ....

.... number should play simultaneously [2] 2) the difference between the acquisition timestamps of the master and the slave frames should be smaller than the accepted asynchrony between the streams [3, 4, 6, 8, 15, 17, 21, 22] and (3) streams should all reach a synchronization point in order to play [12]. Let us assume that the synchronization specification assigns correct sequence numbers or timestamps to the frames, as explained in Section 3. Then, the first and the third conditions restrict the streams to have either the same frame duration (first condition) or the frame durations to have a ....

N. Manohar and A. Prakash, "Dealing with Synchronization and Timing Variability in the Playback of Session Recordings", Proc. of ACM Multimedia '95, San Francisco, California, pp. 45-56, November 1995.

....found in this dissertation remove awareness of media types from media integration so as to handle heterogeneous media. Steinmetz [96] provided early illustrations of the need for the integration of heterogeneous media. Heterogeneity affects both scheduling and synchronization as shown in [66, 71, 85]. In this dissertation, I present mechanisms for the support of the playback of continuous (synchronous) and asynchronous (discrete) streams. 2.6 Scheduling and Synchronization Protocols The Tactus system [26, 90] supports the replay of integrated media. However, there are important differences. ....

....to synchronize to its master (audio) stream. ffl Is an adaptive synchronization protocol needed Yes. The variances due to CPU availability, DMA access, thread overheads, disk access, reliability of timing services, etc. affected the scheduling of both window and audio streams. Our results in [66] showed that an adaptive protocol that attempts to compensate for varying load generally performs better across all load conditions. The issues are explore in detail in Chapter 4. Streams execute as cooperating thread tasks in a single CPU. The infrastructure provides two generic thread models. ....

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N.R. Manohar and A. Prakash. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. In Proc. of ACM Multimedia '95, pages 45--56, San Francisco, CA, November 1995.

....problems, we must consider how services are to be mapped to tools. There are two basic approaches. In the first approach, the services of multiple tools are integrated into a monolithic application using carefully orchestrated, cooperating threads. Our previous prototype followed this approach [8]. This approach delivers complete control over the tool coordination and media integration problems since, at the thread level, fine grained scheduling and synchronization control is possible. Unfortunately, this low level control also limits the flexibility of the resulting infrastructure. In the ....

N. Manohar and et. al. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. In Proc. of ACM Multimedia '95, pages 45--56, San Francisco, CA, November 1995.

....treatments supported by our architecture are summarized in Table I. The implementation of the various synchronization treatments is encapsulated in the session manager and (with the exception of the adaptive treatments) is transparent to the stream controllers. For example, previously in [15], we introduced a statistical algorithm (P3) suited for our domain requirements. We reuse the P3 algorithm to empower the session manager to loose supervisory controls over its stream controllers. As specified by P3, the stream controllers can adapt their scheduling based on statistically ....

N.R. Manohar and A. Prakash. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. In to be published in: Proc. of ACM Multimedia '95, San Francisco, CA, USA, November 1995.

....problems, we must consider how services are to be mapped to tools. There are two basic approaches. In the first approach, the services of multiple tools are integrated into a monolithic application using carefully orchestrated, cooperating threads. Our previous prototype followed this approach [13]. This approach delivers complete control over tool coordination and media integration since, at the thread level, fine grained scheduling and synchronization control is possible. Unfortunately, this low level control also limits the flexibility of the resulting infrastructure. In the second ....

....meet the full QoS requirements spectrum. Through reliance on a re executable input model, our media oriented QoS requirements relaxes into a range such as needed by voiceannotated window events i.e. a less QoS restricted range ( 250 Gamma 1000]ms) 23] feasible for application level support [13]. Media servers rely on a tighly coupled media synchronization server [7, 20] for fine grained synchronization and processing of pre selected continuous media. Such coupling can be inflexible through media integration that is dependent on the media types being handled. Our approach removes ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

N. Manohar and A. Prakash. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. In Proc. of ACM Multimedia '95, pages 45--56, San Francisco, CA, November 1995.

....However, based on individual stream tolerances and requirements, a different synchronization treatment may be speficied for the handling of the asynchronying rhs stream controller(s) The synchronization treatments supported by our architecture are summarized in Table I. For example, previously in [15], we introduced a statistical algorithm (P3) suited for our domain requirements. We reuse the P3 algorithm to empower the session manager to loose supervisory controls over its stream controllers. As specified by P3, the stream controllers can adapt their scheduling based on statistically ....

N.R. Manohar and A. Prakash. Dealing with synchronization and timing variability in the playback of interactive session recordings. In to be published in: Proc. of ACM Multimedia '95, San Francisco, CA, USA, November 1995.

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N.R. Manohar and A. Prakash (1995) Dealing With Synchronization and Timing Variability in the Playback of Interactive Session Recordings, ACM Multimedia 95, Pages 45-56.

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