Saul Sternberg. Memory-scanning: Mental processes revealed by reaction-time experiments. American Scientist, 57(4):421--457, 1969.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....high frequency of occurrence, for native English speakers [LRW01] number of items mean reaction time (msec) 400 500 600 1 2 3 4 5 6 . D . D . D Positive Negative Mean . Figure 2: Judgment time as a function of the number of digits held in memory. From Sternberg [Ste69]. A good example of using the different components of working memory, is mental arithmetic. For example, multiply 23 by 15 without looking at this page. The numbers to be multiplied can be held in the phonological loop, while information such as carries and which two digits to multiple next, can ....

....while being able to look at the numbers being multiplied seems to require less cognitive effort. The loop of tape in a tape recorder analogy, for the phonological loop , suggests that it might only be possible to extract information as it goes past a read out point . A study by Sternberg [Ste69] looked at how information in the phonological loop could be accessed. Subjects were asked to hold a sequences of digits, for instance 4185, in memory. They were then asked if a particular digit was in the sequence being held. The time taken to respond yes no was measured. Subjects were given ....

Saul Sternberg. Memory-scanning: Mental processes revealed by reaction-time experiments. American Scientist, 57(4):421--457, 1969.

....with low motivation will favour strategies with less costs. An Example: a Model of the Sternberg Memory Search Task The model described in this subsection is adapted from Anderson Lebire (in preparation) The task the model performs is a modified version of the Sternberg memorysearch task (Sternberg, 1969). In this task three letters are shown on a computer screen, which the participant has to keep in memory. These three letters are referred to as the memory set. The time the memory set is shown is long enough to read the letters, but not long enough to rehearse them. After that, an attention dot ....

Sternberg, S. (1969). Memory scanning: Mental processes revealed by reaction time experiments. American Scientist, 57, 421-457.

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Sternberg, S. (1969b). Memory-scanning: Mental processes revealed by reaction-time experiments. American Scientist, 57, 421-457.

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