S. Papert. Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. BasicBooks, New York, 1980.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....to explore the potential for natural language programming. One conclusion he draws that is particularly relevant to this paper is that programming language constructs could be developed that were closer to how people naturally specified problem solutions. Claims have also been made (e.g. [7]) that the procedurality in programming taps into novices preexisting cogrtive notions. In support of this claim, Soloway et al. 9] have shown that studenLs write correct equations more often when solving simple word problems using a procedural programming language as opposed to using algebra, a ....

Papert, S. Mfndstorms, Children. Computers and Powerful Ideas, Basic Books. Inc.. New York, 1980.

.... pioneering work in the application of computers and technology to the learning process indicates strongly that the greatest benefits of these tools lie in the ways in which they empower children to take charge of their own unmediated learning and to interact meaningfully with powerful ideas [5]. In particular, Papert emphasizes the computer s ability to facilitate learning that can be accessible to the inexperienced and untrained (providing low floor learning) but is also rich and thoughtful which can intrigue and enrich even the most experienced experts (providing high ceiling ....

Papert Seymour 1980. Mindstorms; Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas, Cambridge: MIT Press

....engineering. This view should change if we are to more clearly represent programs as models, while relegating textual programs to the status currently occupied by assembly language a necessary, but low level construct. Many languages targeted at novices [25] are model based. The Logo language [26] was one of the first languages based on the idea of programming through the use of a turtle [27, 28] capable of carrying out a set of simple instructions, with graphical feedback for output. Karel the Robot [29] has similar aims with a robot replacing the turtle and by extending the functionality ....

Seymour Papert. Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980.

....[122] and extended by Prusinkiewicz [90,91] and Hanan [41,42] is representative of this approach. The summary below is based on [54,91,99] The interpreted string is scanned sequentially from left to right, and its consecutive symbols are interpreted as commands that maneuver a LOGOstyle turtle [1,88] in three dimensions. The turtle is represented byitsstate, which consists of turtle position and orientation in the Cartesian coordinate system, as well as additional attributes, suchascurrent color and line width. The position is defined byavector P, and the orientation is defined by three ....

S. Papert. Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980.

.... is included in [6] and subsequent results are presented in [5] The summary below is based on [6,31,34,36] After a string has been generated by an L system, it is scanned sequentially from left to right, and the consecutive symbols are interpreted as commands that maneuver a LOGO style turtle [37,38] in three dimensions. The turtle is represented by its state, which consists of turtle position and orientation in the Cartesian coordinate system, as well as various attribute values, such as current color and line width. The position is defined by a vector P , and the orientation is defined by ....

S. Papert. Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980.

....######### ##### ############ ##### ##### ### ## ####### ## ###### #########. 2 # ########## ######## # ###### ####### 325 #### # ############ ##### (exploratory learning) # ######## ######## ######## ########## (problem solving) ### # ###### project based learning [1, 7]. ##### ### ### ######## ########### ############# # ## ######### ############ ##########, # #### ### ########### ##### ############ ### #### # ########### ########## ### ######### ##############. ### ######### ###### ##### ## ########## # ########## #######, ## ###### ....

. S. Papert, Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas, Basic Books, NY, 1980.

....fabrication. When software is mainframe like, and monolithic rather than distributed, the creation of objects is made possible by posing the rhetorical question How would I design a model if this program were distributed Many languages targeted at novices [58] are model based. The Logo language [59] was one of the first languages based on the idea of programming through the use of a turtle [2, 64] capable of carrying out a set of simple instructions, with graphical feedback for output. Karel the Robot [60] has similar aims with a robot replacing the turtle with a robot, and by extending the ....

Seymour Papert. Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980.

....commands through the World Wide Web. 4 context of any agent, simplifying the task of program comprehension. Even more significant for comprehension than exploring the repertoire of commands is the ability to test entire rules. Problems identified regarding rule comprehension [16] and debugging [17 19] stand in contrast to claims of modularity in rule based approaches [20] While the modularity of rule based approaches can indeed simplify the process of writing rules it can increase the complexity of debugging them. We believe that this problem is at least partly due to the lack of the ability ....

Papert, S., Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas, Basic Books, New York, 1980.

....in the AKL language [Jan94] 4.3 Object oriented Programming A standard application for object oriented languages from their beginning is window programming. The Smalltalk programming environment [LP91] was one of the earliest successful window systems. Inspired by Logo s turtlegraphics [Pap81] and Smalltalk s Pen class, we sketch a turtle class in 3 For generality, solutions are returned as procedures wrapped in a tuple. To actually access a solution, the procedure has to be selected and applied. 7 Oz. Note that Oz objects are based completely on a single state primitive (see ....

Seymour Papert. MindStorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, 1981.

....A non computing example is the use of short skis for novices [Burton, Brown Fischer 1984] this facilitates the acquisition of some of the skills of skiing without the difficulties novices find in the use of full size skis. A computing microworld example is the LOGO environment developed by Papert [1980], in particular as it relates to geometry concepts. A computing microworld has the power to reify concepts for the student facilitating their conscious adoption and manipulation. A complex mental process may be broken down into easily identifiable (because they are external) substeps rather than ....

Papert, S. [1980]. Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, New York.

....age. The concept of concurrency is intrinsic in the real world because it is naturally concurrent. If we give a student a concurrent programming environment, she he may create and simulate all the fantastic and real situations s he wants. The theory underlying this approach is the constructionism [7]. Papert, the father of this theory, believes that students will be more deeply involved in their learning if they are constructing something that others will see, judge, and perhaps use. Through that construction, students will face complex issues, and they will make the effort to solve the ....

.... A leader pen orders the red pen to draw the roof of a house and the black pen to draw the walls. It gives them the co ordinates of the points. The coloured pens draw the segments creating the roof and the walls of the house. How do they do it . Agent leader pen walls [ 5,9] 5,4] 10,2] [10,7], 14,7] 14,2] 10,2] roof [ 14,7] 12,10] 10,7] 5,9] 8,11] 12,10] repeat send no wait getFist(walls) to black pen; until (walls = nil) send no wait nil to black pen; repeat send no wait getFirst(roof) to red pen; until (roof = nil) send no wait nil to red pen; end ....

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Papert S.: Mindstorm: children, computer and powerful ideas, Basic Books, New York, 1980.

....the illusion of parallelism on typically sequential machines. Processes are relatively low level mechanisms featured in operating systems dealing with concurrency. Agentsheets agents, on the other hand, are entities directly visible to users. Agents can be viewed as active objects to think with [86] equipped with sensors and effectors to interact with users or other agents. Agents can be further reduced to subcomponents including: Sensors: Sensors invoke methods of the agent. They are triggered by the user (for example, clicking at an agent) or by the Agentsheets process scheduler. ....

....a new state. This early representation was quite similar to the representation used by the voice dialog designers of US WEST on paper. 117 Figure 3 30: Voice Dialog Design Environment, Spring 1991 Despite its simplicity the Spring 1991 version could already be used as an object to think with [86]. The designer of the Voice Dialog Design Environment exposed voice dialog designers very early on to the prototype. The voice dialog designers, in turn, could play with the system and suggest improvements and extensions to the representation. The system evolved considerably during almost 3 years ....

Papert, S., Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas, Basic Books, New York, 1980.

.... information sources, such as simulations, models and other design environments, assist learners in the construction of their own intellectual structures and allow the personalization and ownership of new knowledge by providing a means to apply that knowledge to a task relevant to the learner [5]. An ideal way to support distributed communities of learners is to augment current networking applications to allow the distribution of design environments with multimedia information. The impetus to create the Agentsheets Remote Exploratorium arose from the need to support a growing and ....

Papert, S., Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, New York (1980).

.... included in [61] and subsequent results are presented in [25] The summary below is based on [30, 52] and [61] After a string has been generated by an L system, it is scanned sequentially from left to right, and the consecutive symbols are interpreted as commands that maneuver a LOGOstyle turtle [1, 50] in three dimensions. The turtle is represented by its state, which consists of turtle position and orientation in the Cartesian coordinate system, as well as various attribute values, such as current color and line width. The position is defined by a vector P , and the orientation is defined by ....

S. Papert. Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980.

....originated in the AKL language [21] 4.3 Object oriented Programming A standard application for object oriented languages from their beginning is window programming. The Smalltalk programming environment [22] was one of the earliest successful window systems. Inspired by Logo s turtlegraphics [32] and Smalltalk s Pen class, we sketch a turtle class in Oz. Note that Oz objects are based completely on a single state primitive (see Section 5) The full concurrent object system of Oz is defined in terms of higher order ccp with state [18] class Turtle from Tk.canvasTag attr x y ang:0.0 ....

Seymour Papert. MindStorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, 1981.

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S. Papert. Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. BasicBooks, New York, 1980.

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Papert, S., Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas, Basic Books, New York, 1980.

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S. Papert. Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980.

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Papert, S. Mindstorms - Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas. Harvest Press. Brighton. 1980.

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