S. Wray, T. Glauert and A. Hopper,"The Medusa Applications Environment ", IEEE Multimedia, vol.1, no. 4, Winter 1994.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... Some of these interfaces will be standardized, allowing applications developed for one hardware architecture to be easily ported to other ones [1] Authoring tools and application development platforms will further ease design and implementation of networked multimedia applications [2][3]. An application development platform is especially necessary in the case where an application is to be offered as a service in a larger public or private network. Much of the complexity there stems from the necessity to integrate the application into the network infrastructure and to make it ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert and A. Hopper,"The Medusa Applications Environment ", IEEE Multimedia, vol.1, no. 4, Winter 1994.

....with high performance word spotting, and to present the resultant multi modal information in an intelligent user interface. A specific goal of the project is to develop a useful retrieval application to work in the Medusa multimedia environment developed at Olivetti Research Ltd in Cambridge [1]. In the simplest form of message retrieval, a user specifies a single search keyword and word spotting techniques locate its occurrences in the audio soundtrack. A more robust system uses multiple search keys, both to minimize the effect of spotting errors and to refine the list of retrieved ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa applications environment. In Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pages 265-273, Boston, May 1994. IEEE.

....ORL has also developed a TURBOchannel ATM interface card so that multimedia data can be processed on workstations and video displayed at 25 frames per second in X windows. The Medusa software applications environment is a peer to peer architecture for controlling networked multimedia devices [5]. A Medusa server process runs on each of the SAMs as well as on the ATM networked workstations. Multimedia data flows through a series of Medusa software modules on these servers. Medusa module code makes it straightforward to set up and dynamically modify media connections between software ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa applications environment. In Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pages 265-273, Boston, May 1994. IEEE.

....is constructed from ORL 8 port ATM switches, permitting many ATM connections to be made to each room. 2.1. The Medusa software environment The Medusa software applications environment is a peer to peer architecture for controlling networked multimedia de vices and routing streams between them [22]. A Medusa server process runs on each of the SAMs as well as on ATM networked workstations. Multimedia data flows through a series of Medusa software modules on these servers and across the network between servers. Medusa module code makes it simple to set up and dynamically modify media ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa ap- plications environment. In Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pages 265-273, Boston, May 1994. IEEE.

....also inherits the off line or batch processing nature of editing systems. Though the Scheme program may be developed interactively, it cannot 23 produce its video result in real time since there is no resource scheduling based on real time. 2.1. 4 Medusa The Medusa applications environment [41] is a prototyping system for distributed video and audio applications, based on a peer to peer architecture for controlling networked multimedia devices. It uses simple, reliable, and unbuffered channels for connections and capability based proxies for security. In Medusa, programs are modeled as ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa Applications Environment. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Systems and Computing, pages 265--273, Boston, MA, May 1994. IEEE. 104

....1. Application Server a particular processing unit a video transcoder that is part of our messaging application. 2. RELATED WORK Most basically, the system we are now building is an addition to the body of work concerned with network based media processing efforts (e.g. 2] 8] 13] [14]) This body of work addresses the common goal of providing users with data that is appropriately formatted and delivered according to the requirements imposed by endpoint devices and their network connections. For example, Fox et.al. 8] discuss the need to add processing entities in the network ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, A. Hopper, "The Medusa Applications Environment", International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Boston MA, May 1994.

....ACME by providing a toolkit of active display objects. These provide a higher level of construction than the original ACME model. Four SOTA approaches that have adopted a similar paradigm to providing con gurable multimedia objects are the VuSystem from MIT (US) the Medusa system from ORL (UK) [217], the University of Geneva s (Switzerland) multimedia framework [61] and Cambridge s (UK) IMP system [25] These systems are constructed from active objects, and address issues of con guration and run time con32 trol. Applications, involving multiple media streams, can be dynamically created and ....

S. Wray et al. The Medusa applications environment. In 1st IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, May 1994.

....system includes video conference, video mail and accessing the television and radio tuners through the standard X window based application interfaces. A detailed investigation report about the handling of audio and video streams in the Pandora environment can be found in [Jones 93] Medusa [Wray 94] a peer to peer distributed 8 architecture for controlling the networked multimedia devices, is currently being investigated at the Olivetti Research Ltd. This project explores a novel approach of handling multimedia data in a modular way where most of the realtime processing operations are ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert and A. Hopper, "The Medusa Applications Environment, " Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference of Multimedia Computing and Systems, Boston, May 14-19 1994, pp. 265-274.

....no direct support for component composition at the application building level, although this could be done on a case by case basis at the component level with some effort on the part of the component programmer. 2.3. ATM based frameworks: Medusa Pegasus The Medusa multimedia environment [WRA94] also uses a peer to peer, component based paradigm for constructing applications. In contrast to most other systems, Medusa also specifies the particular hardware and network platform on which it is to run. The architecture is based around the notion of intelligent ATM direct peripherals . These ....

Stuart Wray, Tim Glauert & Andy Hopper. "The Medusa Applications Environment." Technical Report no. 94.3, Olivetti Research Limited, Cambridge, 1994. 35

....(ALC) and Adaptive Broadband Ltd (ABL) intend to explore these issues via the Cambridge Wireless Broadband Trial. The ALC has a long tradition in building networks to support novel and demanding applications. It pioneered the use of multimedia workstations in the Pandora project [1] Medusa [2], the successor to Pandora, looked at developing a rich multimedia environment using network multimedia peripherals on a 100 Mbps ATM network. The Wireless ATM project [3] looked at building a wireless system based on ATM technology. This group later spun out as Adaptive Broadband Ltd (ABL) which ....

S Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper, "The Medusa Applications Environment", Proc. of International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, May 1994.

....purpose hardware is controlled by applications running on a workstation. Pandora s box performs video and audio capture as well as mixing in dedicated hardware attached to the workstation and under workstation control. The output of the box goes directly to the workstation display. Medusa [28] improves on Pandora in the areas of portability, security, programmability, and the support of multiple streams. It connects the network to the workstation, allows video to pass all the way to applications, and it provides for the development of software agents to assist in collaboration. It is ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa Applications Environment. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pages 265--273, Boston, MA, May 1994. IEEE. 19

....to develop, operate and manage multimedia applications, we have developed a distributed multimedia system called MAESTRO. A number of multimedia systems have been developed up to date, but most of these systems have been developed for specific multimedia applications or on specific environments [1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 15]. MAESTRO has been designed to support a wide variety of multimedia applications (such as video conferencing, video ondemand, whiteboards, telemedicine, etc. that can operate in distributed environments in mind. MAESTRO provides a general multimedia application programming interface (API) that ....

T. Glauert S. Wray and A. Hopper. The medusa applications environment. IEEE Multimedia, 1(4), Winter 1994. URL http://www.cam-orl.co.uk/medusa.html.

....The main emphasis of G T appears to be the provision of support for a wide range of media types and formats. However, there is no support for building groupware applications, nor for specification or management of quality ofservice (QoS) In contrast, whilst the Medusa multimedia environment [WRA94] uses a similar peer to peer, component based application model, it also specifies the particular hardware and network platform on which these applications are to run. The architecture is based around the notion of intelligent ATM direct peripherals . These are essentially small, dedicated ....

....These are typed interface points attached to individual components. To build a distributed application in Djinn, special components known as connectors are used to bridge inter machine boundaries. Our components architecture is broadly similar to that used by a number of other systems, including [GIB95,ROT94,WRA94]. Figure 2 shows how a simple distance learning application can be created by connecting various components together. In this example a video camera component is attached to a multicast connector called a transmission, which transmits the lecturer s video data to display components at several ....

Stuart Wray, Tim Glauert & Andy Hopper. "The Medusa Applications Environment." Technical Report no. 94.3, Olivetti Research Limited, Cambridge, 1994.

....strength of Lakes is certainly the richness of its interfaces, but Lakes remains a proprietary solution that will have a hard time to be accepted by a large base of developers. Also, its function based API is outmoded given the actual tendency to object oriented interfaces. 3.4. Medusa Medusa [10] is the first platform presented here that is explicitly designed for extensibility. It is built for an ATM network that supports the direct connection of media processing hardware. Medusa workstations consist of a standard workstation plus multimedia devices that are grouped around a small ATM ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert and A. Hopper,"The Medusa Applications Environment", IEEE Multimedia, vol.1, no. 4, Winter 1994.

....and Olivetti Research Ltd. was established in response to the problem of managing and retrieving the contents of a archive of stored video messages sent between users of Medusa, a high capacity desktop multimedia environment installed at the offices of Olivetti Research Ltd. in Cambridge, UK. [68]. Jones et al. describe in their recent paper, the setting up of a database of video mail message soundtracks, and initial experiments carried out in message retrieval [69] The VMR message corpus was obtained by initially selecting 10 message categories CHAPTER 4. PREVIOUS WORK IN SPOKEN MESSAGE ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa Applications Environment. In Proc. Int. Conf. Multimedia Computing and Systems, pages 265--273, Boston, May 1994. IEEE.

....access information that will let them understand how the collaborative environement evolved to a particular state. Little [8] has presented an elegant document management system for shared data and provided a data model (POM) which permits dynamic compositions of mixed media documents. Wray et al. [9] have built an experimental collaborative environment called Medusa which integrates data from heterogeneous hardware devices. Medusa provides an environment which facilitates rapid prototyping of new applications. Rajan, Vin et al. 10] started some work on formalizing the notion of multimedia ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper, "The Medusa Applications Environment", IEEE Intl. Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1994, Pages 265-274.

....Next, computations in Argus may be encapsulated within actions which (like transactions) are both serializable and total. By providing guardians and actions, Argus eases the job of writing reliable distributed programs that deal with partial failures and concurrency. 1.4. 6 Medusa Medusa [27] is a system that uses a peer to peer architecture to create, control, and configure networked media devices. All Medusa entities are active modules which may represent applications as well as lower level modules such as cameras and displays. Medusa focuses on providing secure, reliable ....

Stuart Wray, Tim Glauert, and Andy Hopper. The medusa application environment. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pages 265--273. IEEE, May 1994.

....management functionality. More recently, object oriented frameworks for multimedia middleware have been described that concentrate on connection and configuration management and that are much more flexible than monolithic APIs. One example for this is the Medusa platform developed at Olivetti [19]. Another example is the multimedia system services (MSS) architecture of the Interactive Media Association (IMA) 20] A platform similar in spirit to IMA, but with a complete session framework, is currently being developed at Eur com [21] High level APIs like the one of Beteus can be ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert and A. Hopper,"The Medusa Applications Environment ", IEEE Multimedia, vol. 1, no. 4, Winter 1994.

....library hidden behind a single threaded Tcl interpreter; to build higher order components than the modules we use the object oriented extension [incr Tcl] and to exploit the variety of available input and output devices we adopt the Model View Controller paradigm. 1. Introduction Medusa [Medusa ICMCS 94] is an applications environment for distributed multimedia designed to support many simultaneous streams. Tens of parallel streams and over a hundred software modules are used in some of our applications and several such applications may be active in the system. Input devices in the broadest ....

....90] 2. Medusa a brief overview To follow the rest of the discussion, an understanding of the basics of the Medusa architecture is required. An in depth presentation of Medusa would be outside the scope of this paper, but a brief overview will be given here. More details may be found in [Medusa ICMCS 94] Medusa Tcl 94] and [Medusa video 95] The hardware on which Medusa runs is based around the concept of the Network Scalable Personal Computer (NS PC) the multimedia devices are not peripherals of the main computer but are first class network citizens with their own ATM connection. This has ....

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STUART WRAY, TIM GLAUERT, ANDY HOPPER, The Medusa Applications Environment, Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Boston MA, May 1994. An extended version appeared in IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 1 No. 4, Winter 1994. Also available as ORL Technical Report 94.3.

....a hand in an image by being attracted to edges in the image. The hand model is also used in combination with a genetic algorithm to perform an initial image search in order to locate the hand, as suggested by Hill [6] The system runs under Olivetti s Medusa distributed multimedia platform [7, 8], providing a flexible and portable environment in which any one of a number of ATM networked cameras can be used to provide 15 bit colour video sequences. The remainder of the paper is organised as follows: section 2 describes the use of Smart Snakes for tracking; section 3 describes the use of ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa applications environment. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Boston MA, US, 1994. (Available as ftp.cam-orl.co.uk:/pub/docs/ORL/tr.94.3.ps.Z).

.... performed ubiquitously and seamlessly without extra devices, hence answering to Robert Johansen s call for any time, any place support [11] Video technology is widely used in CSCW systems such as video conferencing (synchronous collaboration) 12] and video mail (asynchronous collaboration) [13], however, in the context of workspace and application sharing, the technical limitations of video taping computer screens make the screen very difficult to read during playback [14] Our applications adopt the idea of screen capture rather than video capture and the resulting medium is a stream ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert and A. Hopper, "The Medusa Applications Environment", Olivetti and Oracle Research Laboratory Technical Report 94-3, Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Boston, MA, May 1994

....is reasonable to expect that such peripherals will be commonly used at the desktop. The traditional way to interface these devices to the network is via specialised boards on the workstation s I O bus. An alternative approach moves the devices from the bus and attaches them directly to the network [1, 7, 16]. In this architecture, the networked devices can be easily shared, the I O intensive work is moved away from the workstation and it is possible to set up, for example, audio only locations without the need for an expensive workstation. The platform used throughout this paper is the Medusa system ....

....In this architecture, the networked devices can be easily shared, the I O intensive work is moved away from the workstation and it is possible to set up, for example, audio only locations without the need for an expensive workstation. The platform used throughout this paper is the Medusa system [6, 16], which is based on devices that attach directly to a 100 Mbit ATM network. Each device is an independent computer based on a 32 MHz RISC microprocessor. The devices run ATMos, a lightweight operating system developed at ORL. The peripherals include video [3] audio, compact liquid crystal display ....

S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper. The Medusa Applications Environment. IEEE Multimedia, 1,4, 5463 (1994).

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Wray, S., Glauert, T. and Hopper, A. The Medusa applications environment. IEEE Multimedia. Vol 1 No4, pp 54-63, Winter 1994.

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S. Wray et al. The Medusa applications environment. In 1st IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1994.

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S. Wray, T. Glauert, and A. Hopper (1994) The Medusa Applications Environment, IEEE Intl. Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1994, Pages 265-274.

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