Ulrik Schultz, Julia Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Toward automatic specialization of Java programs. In 13th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP '99), Lisbon, June 1999. Springer-Verlag.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....for binding time analysis of a JVML subset, which does not include method invocations nor objects [5] A specialization process based on the analysis is informally discussed, which is not yet implemented to the authors knowledge. JSpec is an o# line, compile time partial evaluator for Java[26]. The system analyzes and specializes Java programs by applying Tempo, a partial evaluator for C, after translating the Java programs into C. This approach can be compared to ours that uses a compiler from a high level language to a bytecode language as a front end. Unlike current BCS ....

U. P. Schultz, J. L. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In ECOOP99, pp.367--390, 1999.

....optimizers may deliver performance close to that of native code, thus encouraging use of type safe languages. The unique advantage of dynamic optimizers is that by operating at run time, they make possible transformations specific to the program s memory state, most notably program specialization [1, 4, 8, 9, 13, 14, 18, 20, 24, 27, 28]. In fact, the dynamic optimizer is arguably the most suitable environment for specializer deployment, because the runtime is where the largest number of constants is known. So far, however, no dynamic optimizer has been able to specialize programs transparently, because although many existing ....

....compiler is necessary. We will address this as part of future work. 8. RELATED WORK In all the previous sections, we have attempted to relate our work with existing specialization techniques. In this section, we present a short summary of related work. Program specialization (in various forms) [1,8,9,12,13,18,20,24,27,28] is a well studied program optimization technique. In its classic form, it has been a compile time source to source optimization technique. Tempo [8] and DyC [13] perform staged specialization and use code templates to generate specialized code using the values available at runtime. However, they ....

Ulrik Schultz, Julia Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In R. Guerraoui, editor, Proceedings ECOOP'99, LCNS 1628, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. Springer-Verlag.

....works focuses on the question of correctness. In [28] Thiemann and Klaeren prove the correctness of a multi level partial evaluator for a rst order language but make the strong assumption that the binding times form a linear order; 2. partial evaluation for object oriented languages is studied in [7, 17, 25] while Bertino et al. 5] study information AEow for object oriented systems. Building on [19] Myers [18] formalizes information AEow for Java (JFlow) However, none of those works address the issue of correctness; 3. information AEow analysis, which initiates from early work by Bell and ....

U.P. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Toward Automatic Specialization of Java Programs. In R. Guerraoui, editor, Proceedings of ECOOP'99, volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367390. Springer-Verlag, 1999.

....Ei el objects as well as with our C implementation. 8 Related work Although the customization or specialization of object oriented programs has been a technique known for some time [CU89,CU90] it seems it has lead to very few published work concerning the Java language or Java bytecode [SLCM99] Our work tends to con rm that customization of high level languages can be ported from one target low level code (ANSI C) to another (the Java bytecode) without loosing its interest and potential performance improvements. Problems raised by the implementation of Ei el user de ned expanded ....

Ulrik Pagh Schultz, Julia L. Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Towards Automatic Specialization of Java Programs. In Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, pages 367-390. Springer-Verlag, 1999.

....factored away. More recently, a group at Carnegie Mellon demonstrated that a high level specification of TCP IP in ML could be compiled to native code with practical performance characteristics [9] Recently, specialization has been applied to Java programs using similar strategies as Synthetix [61]. The authors report speedups of 1.44 to 5.13 times in an image filtering program. Although not often used now, dynamic specialization will become more common in the future as performance concerns conflict with the increasingly abstract nature of software. 3.3 Instruction Level Parallelism VLIW ....

Ulrik Pagh Schultz, Julia L. Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Towards automatic specialization of java programs. In European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming

....attempted before. Moreover, our work appears to be the first attempt to do partial evaluation of a (simple) imperative language using an explicit operand stack. Schultz et al. describes an approach to specialization of Java programs, using the Java to C compiler Harissa and the C specializer Tempo [16]. This is probably the work that is most closely related to ours. Partial evaluators for other imperative languages may also be considered related to our work: ffl C mix is a partial evaluator for the C programming language, originally developed by Andersen [1] Secher et al. has redesigned the ....

U.P. Schultz, J.L. Lawall, C. Concel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. Technical report, IRISA, 1998. Available at http://www.irisa.fr/compose/.

....in declarations, called specialization patterns, and are associated with specific design patterns [20] The specialization of a program composed of design patterns is then driven by the corresponding declarations. This work is presented in the context of Java and uses our Java specializer [19]. Finally, we also investigated the use of specializable components as black box, reusable components [18] This preliminary result also relies on declarations to allow a programmer to specify specialization opportunities. These declarations then become part of the component interface, allowing ....

....specialization of structured language interpreters can yield performance comparable to that of the compiled code of an optimizing compiler. Besides targeting C, we have developed the first program specializer for an object oriented language. This specializer, named JSpec, processes Java programs [19]. JSpec is constructed from existing tools. Java programs are translated into C using our Java compiler, named Harissa [16] Then, the resulting C programs are specialized using Tempo. The specialized C program is executed in the Harissa environment. JSpec has been used for various applications ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....be either be more or less beneficial compared to such specific systems. This not only includes execution times, but also ease of programming for customized compilation. Consel et al. have investigated a hybrid compile time and run time specialization techniques with their Tempo Harrisa system [29, 22], which are source level Java specialization system written in C; techniques in their systems could be applicable for OpenJIT with some translator to add annotation info for predicated specializations. 7 Conclusion and Future Work We have described our research and experience of designing and ....

U. P. Schultz, J. L. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards Automatic Specialization of Java Programs. In Proceedings of ECOOP '99, June 1999.

....splicing applications. There is relatively little previous work of any sort of partial evaluation for OO languages. Marquard and Steensgaard [10] describe on line PE for a variant of Emerald; it is a pure, untyped OO language with assignment, but without classes or inheritance. Schultz, et al. [14] describe o line PE for Javaachieved by composing the Harissa Java to C translator [11] with the Tempo specializer for C [3] 3 IDPE Overview In this paper our source language is a subset of Java, restricted to assignment free, fully OO programs. In the main part of the paper our target ....

Ulrik Schultz, Julia L. Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In 13th European Conference on Object-OrientedProgramming (ECOOP '99), Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. also available as IRISA Tech. rep. 1216.

....splicing applications. There is relatively little previous work of any sort of partial evaluation for OO languages. Marquard and Steensgaard [10] describe on line PE for a variant of Emerald; it is a pure, untyped OO language with assignment, but without classes or inheritance. Schultz, et al. [14] describe o line PE for Java achieved by composing the Harissa Java to C translator [11] with the Tempo specializer for C [3] 3 IDPE Overview In this paper our source language is a subset of Java, restricted to assignment free, fully OO programs. In the main part of the paper our target ....

Ulrik Schultz, Julia L. Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In 13th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP '99), Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. also available as IRISA Tech. rep. 1216.

No context found.

SCHULTZ, U., LAWALL, J., CONSEL,C.,AND MULLER, G. 1999. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'99). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1628, R. Guerraoui, Ed. Springer-Verlag, Lisbon, Portugal, 367--390.

.... transformations to cope with higher order functions and data structures [12,13] A variety of other languages were explored ranging from logic to imperative languages [4,5] As program specialization became more mature, research targeted real sized languages such as Fortran [14] C [4,15] and Java [16]. 2 This Paper This paper gives a tour of a specializer for the C language, named Tempo. A key feature of Tempo is that it o ers the main forms of specialization: it specializes programs both at compile time and run time; run time specialization can be performed incrementally; Tempo o ers both ....

....Also, to make back end specialization transparent to the programmer, a translator from C to Java was developed. This back translator only handles the subset of C (and program patterns) that can be generated by Harissa and output by Tempo. This project led to a program specializer named JSpec [16,36,37]. 5 Applications Tempo has mainly been used in two areas: operating systems and compiler generation. In this section, we give an overview of applications of Tempo in these areas and discuss the resulting performance improvements. 5.1 Operating Systems An early success of the Tempo project was ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, G. Muller, Towards automatic specialization of Java programs, in: Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), Vol. 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Lisbon, Portugal, 1999, pp. 367-390.

....between partial evaluation and covariant specialization: in both cases, the domain of the entity that is being specialized is restricted. Nevertheless, existing work in partial evaluation for object oriented languages has failed to bridge the gap between inheritance and partial evaluation [3, 21, 35, 46, 45, 47], and the degree of specialization that can be performed by using these techniques is constrained by the existing class hierarchy. In this paper we present the unification of inheritance and partial evaluation in a new language, Lapis. The key concept in Lapis is that conceptual classification ....

....with simplicity of use, in order to make 10 the semantics of the language easy to understand for the programmer. In particular, since partial evaluation for object oriented languages normally requires expensive and complicated static analyses to determine how the program can be specialized [3, 44, 47, 46], limitations have been imposed on the specialization process. The specialization performed automatically by Lapis is highly aggressive, can give a massive increase in code size, and is not guaranteed to terminate. Thus, the programmer must carefully control the amount of specialization ....

U.P. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Guerraoui [24], pages 367--390.

....another strategy to con gure components. This program transformation performs computations which depend on known values (e.g. con guration parameters) This process can improve speed and or size of programs. Program specialization is available for real size languages such as C [4, 1] and Java [13]. Specializers have been successfully used for a large variety of realistic applications in domains such as operating systems [11] scienti c algorithms [8] graphics programs [12] and software engineering [10, 15, 16] However, program specialization has yet to be made accessible to non expert ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367-390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....overhead. Recently, automatic program specialization has 1 Experiments done with JDK 1.2.1 JIT and HotSpot compilers on SPARC architecture, with array and linked list representations of the underlying MinimalCollection data structure. been shown to be effective in the context of Java [22, 28]. Automatic program specialization systematically eliminates both algorithmic and structural overheads, and consequently can significantly improve performance. For example, program specialization has been shown to eliminate overheads introduced by software architectures [24] Nevertheless, ....

....can optimize uses of design patterns, and show the effect of specialization on realistic versions of these examples. Earlier work has addressed the declaration of what to specialize in the form of specialization classes [31] and how to specialize in the form of a prototype Java specializer [28]. Here, we address the key issue of selecting where to specialize. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. First, Section 2 describes our perspective on design patterns. Section 3 then explains program specialization. Section 4 describes specialization of design patterns by means of ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In ECOOP'99

.... propagation of all data types, and performs constant folding and control flow simplifications based on the usage context [1] Automatic program specialization has recently been defined in the context of object oriented languages, and is here referred to as object oriented program specialization [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. As part of this work, we have developed an automatic program specializer for Java, named JSpec, which has been shown to give significant execution time speedups on large programs. Specialization of an object oriented program generates new, specialized methods, which must be reintroduced back ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....phase evaluates the static constructs and rebuilds the dynamic constructs. PE has been studied for functional [3,4] logic [9] and imperative languages [1,2,6] It has reached a mature state, enabling the implementation of partial evaluators for real size languages such as C [6] and Java [17]. Partial evaluators have been used for a large variety of realistic applications in domains such as operating systems [11] scientific algorithms [8] graphics programs [12] and software engineering [10,15,16] However, PE has never been integrated within the software engineering process itself. ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....dedicated to a specific purpose. Partial evaluation has been investigated extensively for functional [5, 7] logical [16] and imperative [2, 4, 8] languages, and has recently been investigated for object oriented languages by Schultz et al. in the context of a prototype partial evaluator for Java [25]. However, no precise specification of partial evaluation for object oriented languages has thus far been given. In this paper, we give a concise description of the e#ect of partial evaluation on an object oriented program, and formalize how an object oriented program can be specialized using an ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....and experimentally demonstrate that it automatically eliminates overheads due to the use of object oriented abstractions in writing generic programs. Earlier work has addressed the declaration of what to specialize, in the form of specialization classes [29] described an early prototype of JSpec [24], and addressed the issue of selecting where to specialize [25] Here, we present the complete Java to Java specialization performed by JSpec, and experimentally demonstrate the advantage of program specialization on a wide selection of generic benchmark programs. Lastly, we here demonstrate that ....

....in the Harissa environment. JSpec is applied to a user selected program slice, which allows timeconsuming analyses and aggressive transformations to be directed towards the critical parts of the program. In this paper we only consider Java to Java specialization; we refer to earlier work [24] and the first author s PhD dissertation [23] for more information on using C as input or output language. JSpec has been designed with an emphasis on re use of existing technology. In particular, JSpec uses a specializer for C programs, named Tempo [6] as its partial evaluation engine. This ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

.... of programs written in imperative languages, such as C and Fortran, achieves optimizations such as constant folding and loop unrolling [2, 3, 11] Specialization of Java programs has been shown to reduce the overhead of data encapsulation, virtual calls, and run time type and array bounds checks [27]. Our implementation of checkpointing benefits from these optimizations. In the context of an object oriented language, such as Java, the usage context can be described by specialization classes [32] A specialization class describes how a class should be specialized, by declaring properties of ....

....execution. We rely on the programmer to specify specialization classes that safely describe the execution context, just as we rely on the programmer to identify points at which specialized checkpointing can be useful. We specialize the checkpointing process using the JSpec program specializer [27], illustrated in Figure 3. JSpec is based on Tempo, a program specializer for C [11] To perform specialization of Java programs, the Java bytecode is first translated into C using the Harissa bytecodeto C compiler [22] The specialized C code can be compiled using any C compiler, and then ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367-- 390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....it is suitable for implementing run time compilation. Tempo has been successfully used for a variety of applications such as operating systems (Sun Remote Procedure Call RPC [26, 27] Chorus Inter Process Communication IPC [40] and scientific programs (e.g. convolution filters [35], FFT [31] These applications have demonstrated two key features of Tempo: 1) it can process realistic programs that have not been carefully crafted for specialization (2) it can generate an efficient implementation from generic software (e.g. the specialized layer of the Sun RPC runs 3.5 ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....object oriented 1 Experiments done with JDK 1.2.1 JIT and HotSpot compilers on SPARC architecture, with array and linked list representations of the underlying MinimalCollection data structure. RR n Sigma3853 4 Ulrik Pagh Schultz, Julia L. Lawall, and Charles Consel languages, specically Java [22, 28]. Automatic program specialization systematically eliminates both algorithmic and structural overheads, and consequently can signicantly improve performance. For example, program specialization has been shown to be eoeective for eliminating overheads introduced by software architectures [24] ....

....of design patterns, and provide benchmarks showing the eoeect of specialization on realistic versions of these examples. Earlier work has addressed the declaration of what to specialize in the form of specialization classes [32] and how to specialize in the form of a prototype Java specializer [28]. Here, we address the key issue of selecting where to specialize. First, Section 2 describes our perspective on design patterns, followed by Section 3, which explains program specialization. Section 4 describes specialization of design patterns by means of specialization patterns. Afterwards, ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In ECOOP'99 [15], pages 367390.

....interpreter approach is up to 70 slower than specialization of the original run time specializer produced by Tempo. 5 Benchmarks We now assess the performance of the compaction optimization using two benchmarks: an interpreter for the PLAN P language [25, 26] and an image manipulation program [22]. PLAN P is a domain specic language for implementing active network protocols. The image manipulation program applies a convolution lter to blur an image. This program was originally written in Java, and translated to C using the Java bytecode to C compiler Harissa [17] The PLAN P interpreter is ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

.... to user supplied information about the program inputs [11, 15] Automatic program specialization has been applied in a wide range of areas, including operating systems [19, 20] networks [29] and scientic programs [13, 22] Recently, automatic program specialization has been implemented for Java [25]. While program specialization is a general tool and has a wider application scope than checkpointing, the need for safety and the genericity in object structure make specialization a very appropriate technique for optimizing checkpointing. Additionally, using automatic program specialization, it ....

.... of programs written in imperative languages, such as C and Fortran, achieves optimizations such as constant folding and loop unrolling [2, 3, 11] Specialization of Java programs has been shown to reduce the overhead of data encapsulation, virtual calls, and run time type and array bounds checks [25]. Our implementation of checkpointing benets from these optimizations. In the context of an object oriented language, such as Java, the usage context can be described by specialization classes [30] A specialization class describes how a class should be specialized, by declaring properties of a ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

.... user supplied information about the program inputs [11, 15] Automatic program specialization has been applied in a wide range of areas, including operating systems [19, 20] networks [29] and scientific programs [13, 22] Recently, automatic program specialization has been implemented for Java [25]. While program specialization is a general tool and has a wider application scope than checkpointing, the need for safety and the genericity in object structure make specialization a very appropriate technique for optimizing checkpointing. Additionally, using automatic program specialization, it ....

.... of programs written in imperative languages, such as C and Fortran, achieves optimizations such as constant folding and loop unrolling [2, 3, 11] Specialization of Java programs has been shown to reduce the overhead of data encapsulation, virtual calls, and run time type and array bounds checks [25]. Our implementation of checkpointing benefits from these optimizations. In the context of an object oriented language, such as Java, the usage context can be described by specialization classes [30] A specialization class describes how a class should be specialized, by declaring properties of a ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999.

....all data types) and performs constant folding and control flow simplifications based on this information. Partial evaluation has been extensively investigated for functional [3, 4] logic [6] and imperative [1, 2, 5] languages. This technique has been recently extended to Java by Schultz et al. [7]. Partial evaluation is a twostage process: first the program is analyzed with an abstract domain of values (values are either known or unknown) and then it is specialized with concrete values. While analysis must be performed before compilation, the actual spe2 cialization to concrete values can ....

....Java Beans As a simple example, consider an image processing application that loads an image, removes noise or performs blurring, and displays the result. When programmed using common object oriented abstraction mechanisms, such applications can contain many opportunities for specialization [7]. For example, specialization can be done for the concrete representation of image data used while processing the image, or for the actual filters being applied to the image. In this example, the components will be implemented as Java Beans. The Java Beans framework already encompasses the notion ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. To appear.

....such as context sensitivity. Therefore, only Tempo is able to treat the Sun RPC case. The combination of the features present in Tempo has proved to be generally sufficient for the kinds of system programs we have studied so far. However, Tempo is now also used as a back end specializer for Java [31] using Harissa [21] a JavaVMto C converter. In an object oriented language like Java, different object instances of the same class (which Harissa translates into a C structure) tend to be used differently, which results in different binding times. This calls for structure polyvariance, both for ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. To appear.

....Tempo has been applied to sizable and realistic programs such the Sun RPC [49] Tempo and its documentation are publicly available 2 . It is being used by more than twenty people around the world, including non partial evaluation expert. It is also being used as a front end for specializing Java [63]. There exists another system for automatic C specialization named C Mix [1] whose analyses are less accurate and which does not support run time code generation (see [50] for comparison details) Tempo is an off line specializer [14] partial evaluation is split into two phases. First, a ....

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. To appear.

No context found.

Ulrik Schultz, Julia Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Toward automatic specialization of Java programs. In 13th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP '99), Lisbon, June 1999. Springer-Verlag.

No context found.

Ulrik Schultz, Julia Lawall, Charles Consel, and Gilles Muller. Toward automatic specialization of Java programs. In 13th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP '99), Lisbon, June 1999. Springer-Verlag.

No context found.

U.P. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Toward Automatic Specialization of Java Programs. In R. Guerraoui, editor, Proceedings of ECOOP'99, volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367390. Springer-Verlag, 1999.

No context found.

SCHULTZ, U., LAWALL, J., CONSEL, C., AND MULLER, G. Toward automatic specialization of java programs. In ECOOP (Lisbon, Portugal, Jun 1999), pp. 367--390.

No context found.

U. P. Schultz, J. L. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of java programs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-oriented Programming -- ECOOP'99, volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390. Springer-Verlag, 1999.

No context found.

U. Schultz, J. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards Automatic Specialization of Java Programs. In R. Guerraoui, editor, Proceedings ECOOP'99, LCNS 1628, pages 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 1999. Springer-Verlag. 187

No context found.

U. P. Schultz, J. L. Lawall, C. Consel, and G. Muller. Towards automatic specialization of Java programs. In European Conference on Object-oriented Programming, volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 367--390, 1999.

No context found.

) Schultz, U. P., Lawall, J. L., Consel, C., and Muller, G. "Towards Automatic Specialization of Java Programs". In Guerraoui, R., editor, European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'99), volume 1628 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 367--390, Lisbon, Portugal, June 199. SpringerVerlag.

Online articles have much greater impact   More about CiteSeer.IST   Add search form to your site   Submit documents   Feedback  

CiteSeer.IST - Copyright Penn State and NEC