N. Layaida and C. Keramane. Maintaining temporal consistency of multimedia documents. In Effective Abstractions in Multimedia Layout, Presentation and Interaction ACM 95 Workshop,SanFrancisco, CA, 1995.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....but not to take into account other criteria. Controllable and uncontrollable durations In classical CSPs, constraints and variables are supposed to be such that one can always assign a value from the interval domain when building a solution. Such an assumption is unrealistic in our application [13], since some durations are not under control of the application but are observed during the presentation phase. For instance, this is the case when buttons are pushed by the document reader: the corresponding duration cannot be statically decided by the formatter. Hence it is necessary to modify ....

LAYADA N. and SABRY-ISMAIL L., Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks, Multimedia Computing and Networking 1996, M. Freeman, P. Jardetzky, H. M. Vin, ed., pp. 124-135, SPIE 2667, San-Jose, USA, February 1996.

....Methods, LOTOS, RT LOTOS, Multimedia and Hypermedia Documents 1. INTRODUCTION The design of Interactive Multimedia Documents (IMDs) has been largely addressed by the proposal of several models, languages and authoring tools. For instance, SMIL [1] NCM [2] Firefly [3] IMAP [4] MADEUS [5], etc. Most of these works concern the specification of synchronization constraints and authoring requirements, but few of them address the identification and analysis of consistency properties of an IMD [3, 5, 6] The methodology presented in this paper aims to provide a framework for the ....

....and authoring tools. For instance, SMIL [1] NCM [2] Firefly [3] IMAP [4] MADEUS [5] etc. Most of these works concern the specification of synchronization constraints and authoring requirements, but few of them address the identification and analysis of consistency properties of an IMD [3, 5, 6]. The methodology presented in this paper aims to provide a framework for the design (specification, verification and presentation) of complex Interactive Multimedia Documents (IMDs) which relies on the Formal Description Technique RTLOTOS [7] and its associated verification simulation tool ....

Layaida, N.; Sabry-Ismail, L. Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks. In Proc. of the 1996 Multimedia Computing and Networking, San-Jos, USA, Feb.1996, pp.124-135

....introduced when authoring complicated multimedia documents. There are two major categories of inconsistencies, namely qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative inconsistencies are caused by conflicting temporal relations, while quantitative inconsistencies are caused by incompatible durations [12]. Due to the simplicity of MRG and its rendezvousbased operators, quantitative inconsistencies do not exist in our model; i.e. quantitative consistency is guaranteed by construction. Therefore, we only need to check for qualitative inconsistencies. To facilitate the detection of qualitative ....

N. Layaida and L. Sabry-Ismail. Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks. Proceedings of Multimedia Computing and Networking 1996, pp. 124-135, January 1996.

....introduced when authoring complicated multimedia documents. There are two major categories of inconsistencies, namely qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative inconsistencies are caused by conflicting temporal relations, while quantitative inconsistencies are caused by incompatible durations [12]. Due to the simplicity of MRG and its rendezvousbased operators, quantitative inconsistencies do not exist in our model; i.e. quantitative consistency is guaranteed by construction. Therefore, we only need to check for qualitative inconsistencies. To facilitate the detection of qualitative ....

N. Layaida and L. Sabry-Ismail. Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks. Proceedings of Multimedia Computing and Networking 1996, pp. 124-135, January 1996.

....each media object is associated with a triple: maximum, minimum, and optimum length. The system is able to provide an optimal cost solution that can satisfy all the temporal constraints with fairness in distributing necessary stretching or shrinking across the media objects. Others (e.g. 4] [13]) incorporate unpredictable temporal behaviors in their temporal relation models. Their algorithms can adjust to compensate for the behavior of indeterministic objects at run time. In contrast, most of MAGIC s temporal coordination and synchronization constraints are dynamically generated, and ....

....they are specified at a more detailed level of representation. For example, temporal constraints are specified among words and phrases in speech and among displaying and highlighting in graphics. Media synchronization is controlled by the system at run time with much finer granularity. Although [12, 13] allow both qualitative and quantitative temporal constraints, they do not allow disjunctions among those constraints. While the constraint solver in [12] which is based on linear programming, is exponential in the worst case, the solver in [13] which allows flexible quantitative constraints, ....

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N. Layaida and C. Keramane. Maintaining temporal consistency of multimedia documents. In Electronic Proceedings of the Effective Abstractions in Multimedia Workshop, ACM Multimedia '95, 1995.

.... (Mayer Patel Rowe 1997) systems that use artificial intelligence techniques to automatically produce multimedia presentations (Maybury 1993) and systems that help people produce multimedia presentations (Graham, Harrison, Munson 1992; Weitzman Wittenburg 1996; Quint, Roisin, Vatton 1995; Layaida Sabry Ismail 1996). After all, media such as text, graphics, and video differ considerably in important qualities such as data volume, ability to express certain concepts, and the ways that their presentation can be controlled. Since adaptation to different media is such an important quality of a multimedia system, ....

....to expect systems to perform this adaptation from formal, declarative descriptions of the media they support. In general, this is not the case. Most current systems either hard code details about different media and the ways they are used together (e.g. the Madeus multimedia authoring system (Layaida Sabry Ismail 1996)) or treat a medium as a black box data structure which has very few exposed characteristics other than a description of its size and transmission requirements (e.g. the Continuous Multimedia Toolkit (Mayer Patel Rowe 1997) We are interested the use of explicit, declarative models of media to ....

Layaida, N., and Sabry-Ismail, L. 1996. Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks. Multimedia Computing and Networking. SPIE. 124--135.

....which had first class constraint objects. The improved performance is the result of exploiting important common cases and a sophisticated constraint representation that allows considerable sharing of information between individual constraints. 1. Introduction Multimedia style sheet systems [7, 14] uniformly use a constraint based model of layout, because constraints are better suited to non textual media than the flow models used in text oriented style sheet systems [3, 6, 12] Some multimedia style sheet systems [14] only use constraints for layout, but in our work on the Proteus style ....

N. Layaida and L. Sabry-Ismail. Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks, pages 124--135. Multimedia Computing and Networking. SPIE, January 1996.

....is related to inconsistent specifications that can be introduced to a multimedia presentation. Detecting inconsistent specification requires algorithms of complexity [O(N 2 ) where N is the numberofintervals [1] Another algorithm for detecting inconsistencies has been recently proposed [15]. Many existing representations are conceptually equivalent to the Allen relations. For example, Little and Ghafoor propose a model based on Timed Petri Nets OCPN [16,17] OCPN does not takeinto account possible unknown durations of intervals and to prepare an instantiated presentation (a ....

N. Layaida and C. Keramane. Maintaining temporal consistency of multimedia documents. In Effective Abstractions in Multimedia Layout, Presentation and Interaction ACM 95 Workshop,SanFrancisco, CA, 1995.

....by integrating the uncertainty both at the verification phase and at the scheduling. In this case, the automaton serves not only for validation purposes but also for scheduling strategies which prevent the presentation from entering in desynchronized states. In (Vidal, 1997) Fargier, 1998) and (Layaida, 1996) a similar effort was carried out in order to define verification methods based on constraint propagation under incomplete knowledge of the durations. The consistency of a scenario is checked using constraint propagation techniques. In this case, the representation of the scenario is a constraint ....

Layaida N., Sabry-Ismail L., "Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents using Constraint Networks", Multimedia Computing and Networking 1996, M. Freeman, P. Jardetzky, H. M. Vin, ed., pp. 124-135, SPIE 2667, January 1996.

....starts b a and b unrelated b stops a Fig. 2. meets represents temporal coincidence not a functional relationship. sistent specification requires algorithms of complexity [O(N 2 ) where N is the number of intervals [1] Another algorithm for detecting inconsistencies has been recently proposed [15]. Many existing representations are conceptually equivalent to the Allen relations. For example, Little and Ghafoor propose a model based on Timed Petri Nets OCPN [16, 17] OCPN does not take into account possible unknown durations of intervals and to prepare an instantiated presentation (a ....

N. Layaida and C. Keramane. Maintaining temporal consistency of multimedia documents. In Effective Abstractions in Multimedia Layout, Presentation and Interaction ACM 95 Workshop, San Francisco, CA, 1995.

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Layaida N., Sabry-Ismail L., "Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks", Multimedia Computing and Networking 1996, M. Freeman, P. Jardetzky, H. M. Vin, ed., pp. 124-135, SPIE 2667, SanJos 'e, USA, February 1996.

....tion instants of media segments are known) The third problem with the relations is related to inconsistent specifications that can be introduced to a multimedia presentation. Detecting inconsistent specification requires algorithms of complexity [O(N 2 ) where N is the number of intervals [1, 6]. Many existing representations are conceptually equivalent to the Allen relations, for example OCPN [7] Several other models have been proposed: LMDM [9] FLIPS [8] and TIEMPO [10] Unlike previous models, Interval Expressions offer a different paradigm that allow specification in a structured ....

N. Layaida and C. Keramane. Maintaining temporal consistency of multimedia documents. In Effective Abstractions in Multimedia Layout, Presentation and Interaction ACM 95 Workshop, San Francisco, CA, 1995.

No context found.

LAYAIDA N. and SABRY-ISMAIL L., "Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents Using Constraint Networks", Multimedia Computing and Networking 1996, vol. Martin Freeman, Paul Jardetzky, Harrick M. Vin, Editors, Proc. SPIE 2667, , pp. 124-135, California, USA, January 1996.

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Layaida, N. , Keramane, C. (1995): Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Multimedia Documents. In: ACM Workshop on Effective Abstractions in Multimedia, San Francisco. 1995.

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