M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In J. Bezivin, J.-M. Hullot, P. Cointe, and H. Lieberman, editors, Proceedings European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'87), volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag, 1987.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....was introduced. This unusually long delay is an indication of the novelty of inheritance and its incompatibility with traditional techniques in denotational semantics. No other complete denotational semantics exists for a language with inheritance, though several attempts have been made [22] [31] [32] Kamin s semantics, though a fairly accurate description of Smalltalk, is not compositional in its treatment of inheritance. Essentially the same model of inheritance presented in this thesis was developed independently by Reddy [23] The model was illustrated only for Smalltalk, however, ....

....allows inheritance to be defined as a transformation on class generators. The shift to explicit generators is significant, for previous attempts to use standard semantics without explicit generators to analyze inheritance in object oriented languages have required the use of syntactic valuations [31], non compositional denotations [14] or significant restrictions on the language [22] 6.1 Abstract Syntax The abstract syntax of the simple inheritance language is given in Table 6.1. Declarations are assumed to be mutually recursive. However, in the variable declaration var I= E, which ....

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M. Wolczko. Semantics of smalltalk-80. In European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, pages 108--120, 1987.

....of their definition. Among them one should mention Scheme [13,1,12] and Standard ML [41,22] Other languages that have been at least partly formalized include: Ada [30,25] Algol 60 [10,2] C [39,40] Cobol [37] Modula 2 [9,24] PL 1 [31,21,42] Pascal [11,36,3] Prolog [5] and Smalltalk 80 [43,4]. Significant research has been conducted recently concerning the semantics of C. In what seems to be the earliest formal approach, Sethi addresses mainly the semantics of pre ANSI C declarations [33] and control structures [34] using the denotational approach and making several simplifications. ....

M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'87), volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120, New York, NY, 1987. Springer Verlag. 23

....[3, 76, 75] object extension [76, 129, 26] primitive objects [2, 4, 3] privacy [171] classes [81, 28, 35] inner classes [117] MyType [35] and so forth. Programming languages which have been treated in detail include Java [70, 146, for example] Eiffel [63, 177] Smalltalk [197], Cecil [55, 56] Objective Caml [165] and Modula 3 [2] A handful of books on the area also exist: Palsberg and Schwartzbach s Object Oriented Type Systems [155] the collection Theoretical Aspects of Object Oriented Programming [98] Adadi and Cardelli s Theory of Objects [3] and Castagna s ....

Mario Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In Jean Bezivin, Jean-Marie Hullot, Pierre Cointe, and Henry Lieberman, editors, ECOOP'87 European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120, Paris, France, 15--17 June 1987. Springer.

....in this chapter includes the significant features found in most object oriented data models, for example, IRIS [LK86] GemStone [Ser87] ORION [Kim90] ONTOS [Ont91a] and O 2 [BDK92] to name but a few. A number of object oriented data models have been given a formal specification [MH87, Wol87, SO90, DD91, BDK92, Nor92] however, the various features of objectorientation are studied separately. The reference data model provides a uniform framework for the study of their interaction. In particular, it supports a generalised form of method overloading and addresses the problem of ....

M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In European Conference on ObjectOriented Programming, volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag, 1987.

....clearly, all of these languages do resolve that issue. There is is a relatively small body of work in the area of object oriented semantics. The most comprehensive description of the semantics of an object oriented programming language is the semantics of Smalltalk, as described by Wolczko [22, 23]. In his thesis [23] Wolczko describes a semantics that includes support for the concept of self . Support for self is required because object data and methods are decoupled. That is, there is a data record for each object of a class, but there is a single class denotation storing the method code ....

Mario Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, pages 108--120, 1987.

....traditional view of software engineering) and on the analysis of key concepts (e.g. inheritance vs. delegation [613] From the theoretical point of view, many recent attempts have been made at giving a formalization of object oriented languages; these include a formal semantics of Smalltalk 80 [951] and attempts [414] at unifying functional, logic and object oriented programming. 4.3.2 Databases and Knowledge Bases In the design of databases, information systems and knowledge bases, the conceptual modeling of information to be stored plays an important role. Some earlier work has been done ....

M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In Proc. 1987 European Conf. on Object Oriented Programming. Springer LNCS 276, 1987.

....by a single Object Z class construct. Not only does this simplify the semantic domains, but the semantics of a programming language can be readily extended when the language is enhanced. The denotational semantics of object oriented programming languages has been studied and developed. Wolczko[28] and Kamin[19] presented denotational semantics of the Smalltalk programming language. The denotational semantics of inheritance has been investigated by Cook and Palsberg[5] based on Cardelli s work[4] Others [17, 22] have also contributed to the research work on the semantics of OOPLs. The ....

Mario Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In Proc. European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag (LNCS 276), 1987.

....many formal and semiformal models of object orientation have been developed. Some of these models are in the form of semantics for object oriented programming languages while others take a more general view of object orientation. Semantics of object oriented programming languages Wolczko[122] presents a denotational semantics of Smalltalk 80 based on the Virtual Machine model described by Goldberg and Robson[53] This model isn t very abstract and includes many implementational details specific to Smalltalk 80 such as the method lookup mechanism required for inheritance. This ....

....away from implementational mechanisms which ensure those liveness properties hold. 7.2.2 Modelling objects Two main approaches to modelling objects are found in the literature. The first is based on modelling an object in terms of its (implementational) structure. This approach, adopted by Wolczko[122], Kamin[68] and Reddy[94] among others, models objects as records whose fields are state variables and operations. The structural model of Section 2.2.1 is such a model. While these models have an intuitive appeal, they are not very abstract and are not suited to modelling general liveness ....

M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In J. B'ezivin, J.-M. Hullot, P. Cointe, and H. Lieberman, editors, Proceedings European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'87), volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag, 1987.

....overloading, subtyping and generic functions respectively. A survey of typing in various object oriented programming languages is given in [DT88] Other formalization attempts have focused on providing a posteriori specifications of Smalltalk 80 using VDM and other specification languages [CP89, Wol87] This thesis incorporates many of the concepts presented above. We use a multiple inheritance model which does not support any form of delegation. Inheritance without delegation gives the schema a regular structure which can be exploited during query processing. The data model defines a ....

M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In J. B`ezivvin, J. Hullot, P. Cointe, and H. Lieberman, editors, European Conference on ObjectOriented Programming, volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120. Springer Verlag, 1987.

....allowing object oriented features to be to be produced with the minimum of new technology. The mapping, however, could become very inefficient in terms of speed and storage. 3. A lot of work has been done in specifying the OO data model with respect to OO programming languages ( 21] 31] [55], 52] One of the advantages of the OO data model over relational databases is the lack of impedance mismatch of types which occurred when relational database mechanisms were integrated into traditional programming languages. The OO data model fits snugly within the programming environment along ....

....through user defined wrappers. A wrapper is the extra methods and or attributes that are added to a class to create the new inherited class. The model is includes the traditional imperative programming constructs such as conditionals, loops and assignments as well as classes and methods. In [55] Wolczko presents a denotational style semantics for the programming language Smalltalk80. This includes class definitions, methods, 6 Conclusions This article presented an outline of the many concepts involved in OO databases. As we have seen there seems to be a broad agreement as to the ....

Mario Wolczko. Semantics of smalltalk-80. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 276, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag, 1987. European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming.

....to compare traditional denotational semantics and p calculus [Mil2 3] as tools for formally expressing the semantics of object oriented languages. The target language for the comparison is the pure object oriented language Smalltalk 80 which semantics is denotationally defined in [Kam] and [Wol]. The presented work shows that it is rather simple to express the denotation of an pure objectoriented language in the p calculus. It also shows that using p calculus simplifies the description of expressions which change the execution sequence. p calculus also facilitates expressing the ....

....languages. It may also form the basis for the study of object types by the equivalence relations defined for p expressions. Several attempts have been done at defining the semantics of object oriented languages. Traditionally this have been done using denotational semantics. Kam] and [Wol] use this approach when defining semantics of the archetypical object oriented language Smalltalk 80 [Gold] The semantics of object oriented languages have also been expressed using p calculus [Mil2 3] as described in [Walk] The language semantics presented here is built in the same way as ....

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Mario Wolczko, Semantics of Smalltalk-80, Proceeding of ECOOP 1987

....syntax of a language invented to explain the essentials of object oriented programming. Later sections define its semantics, and following chapters extend the language to incorporate inheritance and control features. The language presented in this section is a simplification of that described in [Wol87]. As an initial draft of this material was being prepared, the definition of the SPOOL language (sequential version of POOL [Ame86b] was encountered by the author. The SPOOL language and semantics are remarkably similar to the language presented in this chapter, the principal differences being: ....

....as in Smalltalk the reason for this will be explained in succeeding sections. 6 The Smalltalk 80 language does not allow blocks to have temporaries. The reason for this is a rather involved technical and historical accident that need not be explained here the interested reader should consult [Wol87]. This is likely to be changed as part of the current effort to standardise Smalltalk. 7 As the semantics of blocks and inheritance are independent, the primes used in Chapter 4 to denote unprocessed syntax will be dropped. 114 CHAPTER 5. CONTROL STRUCTURES WFExpression mk Block body(params, ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In J. Bezivin, J.-M. Hullot, P. Cointe, and H. Lieberman, editors, Proceedings of the 1987 European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 276, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag, Paris, June 1987.

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M. Wolczko. Semantics of Smalltalk-80. In J. Bezivin, J.-M. Hullot, P. Cointe, and H. Lieberman, editors, Proceedings European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'87), volume 276 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 108--120. Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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