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Quantum Mechanics as Quantum Information, Mostly - Christopher Fuchs Bell (Correct)
....on a causally disconnected system and two bits worth of causal action on the system of actual interest i.e. one of the four Pauli rotations Alice can sharpen her predictability to complete certainty for any YES NO observable she wishes. Roger Penrose argues in his book The Emperor s New Mind [29] that when a system has a state there ought to be some property in the system (in and of itself) that corresponds to its ## ness . For how else could the system be prepared to reveal a YES in the case that Alice actually checks it Asking this rhetorical question with a su#cient amount of ....
Penrose, R., 1989, The Emperor's New Mind, (Oxford: Oxford U. Press), p. 268.
The New AI: General & Sound & Relevant for Physics - Schmidhuber (2003) (Correct)
....of next events, given previous events, are (limit )computable. Here we make a stronger assumption by adopting Zuse s thesis [73, 74] namely, that the very universe is actually being computed deterministically, e.g. on a cellular automaton (CA) 65, 67] Quantum physics, quantum computation [3, 11, 38], Heisenberg s uncertainty principle and Bell s inequality [2] do not imply any physical evidence against this possibility, e.g. 63] But then which is our universe s precise algorithm The following method [48] does compute it: Systematically create and execute all programs for a universal ....
....falsi able within a xed time interval given in advance. Still, perhaps the main reason for the current absence of empirical evidence in this vein is that few [12] have looked for it. In recent decades several well known physicists have started writing about topics of computer science, e.g. [38, 11], sometimes suggesting that real world physics might allow for computing things that are not computable traditionally. Unimpressed by this trend, computer scientists have argued in favor of the opposite: since there is no evidence that we need more than traditional computability to explain the ....
R. Penrose. The Emperor's New Mind. Oxford University Press, 1989.
Classification of Physical Processes for Virtual Kinetic Art - Dorin (1999) (Correct)
....to explain how they mesh also exist, especially when linking physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics and mental processes. Some notable exceptions to the here today, gone tomorrow writings of popular science have emerged. The work of Hofstadter [8] has made a lasting impression. Penrose [13], Prigogine and Stengers [16] have also made their marks. A book by Volk [20] also rewards the reader with ideas of relevance to this paper. Nevertheless, it is to the authors of history which this summary of previous work most enthusiastically turns. D Arcy Thompson [18] is an obvious point of ....
Penrose, R, "The Emperor's New Mind", Vintage, 1990
A Gentle Introduction to the Universal Algorithmic Agent AIXI - Hutter (2003) (2 citations) (Correct)
....1:k . This sort of computability assumption, that a general purpose computer of su#cient power is able to behave in an intelligent way, is the very basis of AI, justifying the hope to be able to construct agents which eventually reach and outperform human intelligence. For a contrary viewpoint see [Pen89, Pen94]. It is not necessary to discuss here, what is meant by reasonable time intelligence and su#cient power . What we are interested in, in this section, is whether there is a computable version AI# of the AI# agent which is superior or equal to any p with computation time per cycle of at most ....
....is not too weird) could make Turing computable AI impossible. As at least the world that is relevant for humans seems mainly to be computable we do not believe that it is necessary to integrate non computable devices into an AI system. The (clever and nearly convincing) Godel argument by Penrose [Pen89, Pen94] that non computational physics must exist and is relevant to the brain, has (in our opinion convincing) loopholes. Evolution the number of wisdom. A more serious problem is the evolutionary information gathering process. It has been shown that the number of wisdom # contains a very compact ....
R. Penrose. The Emperor's New Mind. Oxford U. P., 1989.
Reality and Human Values in Mathematics - Goguen (Correct)
....are not subject to mundane physical problems like decay and dissolution. This school is called Platonism, or mathematical realism, or just realism; see [28] for a detailed discussion. Prominent recent adherents include Roger Penrose, who used Platonism as a basis for his approach to consciousness [31, 32], and John Perry and Jon Barwise, who used realism to support their claims for the applicability of their situation theory [2] Among numerous other Platonists are Descartes and (in a more subtle way) Kant. Platonism has also been much attacked , and even ridiculed. It is interesting that ....
Roger Penrose. The Emperor's New Mind. Oxford, 1989.
Artificial Life Needs a Real Epistemology - Pattee (1995) (12 citations) (Correct)
....about the world that can be enormously shortened by algorithmic compression. Initial conditions represent information that cannot be so compressed. Mystical and heritable epistemologies are not necessarily incompatible. They simply refer to different forms of knowledge [18] For example, Penrose [40] agrees that this separation of laws is historically of vital importance but then expresses more mystically the very personal view that when we come ultimately to comprehend the laws. this distinction between laws and boundary conditions will dissolve away. 3.2 Incomplete Knowledge the ....
Penrose, R., 1989, The Emperor's New Mind, Oxford University Press, p. 352.
Consciousness and the Decline of Cognitivism - Goguen (Correct)
....is performed. Roger Penrose, instead of explaining quantum mechanics with consciousness, seeks to explain consciousness with quantum mechanics. His view is stimulating but disappointing, since the major conclusion is that some as yet non existent physics (namely quantum gravity) is needed [25]. He also argues against cognitivism, based on a Platonist philosophy of mathematics, in which abstract mathematical objects are just as real as chairs, trees, and people. Distributed Collective Trends An important general trend in cognitive science, perhaps even the most important recent trend, ....
Roger Penrose. The Emperor's New Mind. Oxford,
Interaction as a Framework for Modeling - Peter Wegner And (14 citations) (Correct)
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R. Penrose. The Emperor's New Mind, Oxford Univ. Press, 1989. 23
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: R.P. Penrose, The Emperor's New Mind. Oxford University Press, 1989.
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