D. Cho and J.K. Hedrick. Automotive powertrain modeling for control. ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 111:568--76, 1989. 127  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....in detail. Section 6 gives examples to illustrate the modeling and simulation results for some heterogeneous systems. 2. Heterogeneity and Hierarchy We motivate hierarchical heterogeneous modeling and design methodologies by an example. Consider an automotive powertrain control (see for example [10]) depicted in Figure 1. A cylinder of an internal combustion engine has four working phases, intake (I) compress (C) explode (E) and exhaust (H) The engine generates torque that drives the car body through the transmission. Depending on the gear ratio, car body dynamics, the fuel and air ....

D. Cho and J.K. Hedrick, "Automotive Powertrain Modeling for Control," ASME J. of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, 114(4), 1989, pp. 568-576.

.... fuel air exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) intake manifold manifold pressure EGR air fuel combustion spark advance indicated torque dynamics net torque load torque engine speed Figure 1.1: Schematic diagram of a carbureted SI engine. ffl the vehicle model by Cho and Hedrick (1989) and McMahon et al. 1990) which treats the engine as a subsystem in a similar fashion as we need to. Dobner (1980) has developed a mathematical model of the carbureted four stroke SI engine for application to dynamic engine control. Use of normalized parameters and a modular structure make it ....

....Apart from yielding meaningful simulation results and being very flexible, the model presented by Dobner has the advantage of being comprehensive and yet compact and suitable for control purposes. A vehicle model of the typical front wheel drive car equipped with a V 6 engine has been developed by Cho and Hedrick (1989) and McMahon et al. 1990) The block diagram in figure 1.3 incorporates all the factors which affect the longitudinal performance of an automobile. The inputs available for control are shown in boldface again. The states belonging 1 Volumetric efficiency is a measure of the effectiveness of an ....

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Cho, D., and J. K. Hedrick. 1989. Automotive power train modeling for control. ASME Transactions, vol. 111, pp. 568--576.

....Transportation Systems (ITS) They incorporate both longitudinal and lateral schemes for semi or fully automated vehicle operation, aimed at increasing highway traffic flow, with improved fuel efficiency and enhanced safety. While a multitude of results exist for control of passenger cars [3, 9, 15, 20], heavy duty commercial vehicles have been largely ignored so far, with the exception of the results reported in [4] In this paper we present the first results on adaptive longitudinal control design for heavy vehicles. As part of this effort we are developing realistic models which capture all ....

....production model developed by Kao and Moskwa [12] The modeled engine is turbocharged and intercooled, has six cylinders and 0.014 m 3 (14 liters) displacement volume. The block diagram in Figure 2 gives an overview of the model structure. As in the SI engine model developed by Cho and Hedrick [3, 15], two of the states are the intake manifold (IM) pressure and the engine speed . However, due to the different fueling method, the fueling lag is not considered here. In the diesel engine, the fuel is injected directly into the cylinder immediately before the combustion takes place. This ....

Cho, D. and Hedrick, J. K.: Automotive power train modeling for control. ASME J. Dyn. Sys. Meas. Contr. 111 (1989), pp. 568--576.

....Transportation Systems (ITS) They incorporate both longitudinal and lateral schemes for semi or fully automated vehicle operation, aimed at increasing highway traffic flow, with improved fuel efficiency and enhanced safety. While a multitude of results exist for control of passenger cars [3, 13, 7, 17], heavy duty commercial vehicles have been largely ignored so far. In this report we present the results of our first year of research on longitudinal control design for heavy trucks and buses. As part of this effort we are developing realistic models which capture all the important ....

....production model developed by Kao and Moskwa [10] The modeled engine is turbocharged and intercooled, has six cylinders and 0.014 m 3 (14 liters) displacement volume. The block diagram in Figure 2 gives an overview of the model structure. As in the SI engine model developed by Cho and Hedrick [3, 13], two of the states are the intake manifold (IM) pressure and the engine speed . However, due to the different fueling method, the fueling lag is not considered here. In the diesel engine, the fuel is injected directly into the cylinder immediately before the combustion takes place. This ....

D. Cho and J. K. Hedrick, "Automotive power train modeling for control," Transactions of ASME, vol. 111, pp. 568--576, 1989.

....could be approximated using an appropriate torque map. Although internal combustion engines are used almost exclusively at this time, in the future electric engines may become more common. Within this paper, the torque map is defined to approximate the four stroke fuel injected engine described in [12]. The commanded engine torque is given as AFI (16) where is related to the engine torque capacity, is the mass flow rate of the air leaving the intake manifold, is the engine speed, and AFI is the air to fuel ratio influence. Here it is assumed that during normal highway driving conditions, the ....

.... the intake manifold dynamics are typically much faster than the engine s mechanical dynamics, the mass flow rate exiting the manifold may be expressed as a mapping from the throttle angle MAX TC (17) MAX is the maximum mass flow rate, and the normalized throttle characteristic TC is given as [12] TC (18) The brake torque dynamics are similarly modeled as a first order lag (19) where is the time constant for the brakes and brake actuator is the commanded brake torque, and is a brake torque disturbance bounded by the known function . The automobile longitudinal dynamics state vector is ....

D. Cho and J. K. Hedrick, "Automotive powertrain modeling for control," ASME J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Contr., vol. 111, pp. 568--576, Dec. 1989.

....is given in the literature survey by Andersson and Johansson [6] Integrated control can be used for optimization of driveability, gearshift without synchronizers etc. applications where the interaction between the two components, engine and transmission, is critical. Papers like [7] 8] 9] [10] and [11] deal with different kind of powertrain control problems. One drawback of most of these investigations is the use of engine maps, i.e. steady state engine models with unlimited bandwidth. By use of dynamic engine models, more powertrain phenomena can be characterized, phenomena like turbo ....

Cho. D. and Hedrick, J.K., "Automotive Powertrain Modeling for Control", Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 111, December 1989.

....can be controlled by the amount of brake fluid in the system. Thus, the master cylinder pressure is used as the control input to the brake system. 46 Figure 3.4: Direct Master Cylinder Actuation System 47 3.1. 3 Engine Model This engine model is based on the two state model of Cho and Hedrick [6] and consists of two states, the pressure in the intake manifold, Pm , and the engine speed, w e . In the model, the engine torque production is continuous and determined from a steady state engine map that is generated from experimental data [18] T e = T e ( e ; Pm ) 3.8) The state equation ....

D. Cho and J. K. Hedrick, "Automotive Powertrain Modeling for Control," ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, vol. 111, pp. 568-576, 1989.

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Cho, D., and Hedrick, J.K., "Automotive Powertrain Modeling for Control," Transactions ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurements and Control, Vol.111, No.4, December, 1989.

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D. Cho and J.K. Hedrick. Automotive powertrain modeling for control. ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 111:568--76, 1989. 127

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