| C. Cifuentes and K. Gough. Decompilation of Binary Programs. Software Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995. |
....the architecture discovery system. The rule shown describes the Sparc add immediate instruction, which adds a 13 bit constant to a register. Also shown is the corresponding BEG rule generated by the system. age. Tools that perform machine independent editing (EEL [8] or decompilation (Cifuentes [2]) of executables all need access to architectural descriptions. The superoptimizer [6, 9] is similar in nature to our system. We are hoping to extend our system with a superoptimizing pass in order to improve the code quality. ....
Cristina Cifuentes and K. John Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software -- Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
....the Internet address of an A3 machine and the command lines by which the C compiler, assembler, and linker are invoked. The architecture discovery package will have other potential uses as well. For example, machine independent tools for editing of executables (EEL [13] decompilation (Cifuentes [4]) and dynamic compilation (DCG [8] all need access to architectural descriptions, and their retargeting would be simplified by automatic architecture discovery. 2 System Overview and Requirements For a system like this to be truly useful it must have few requirements of its users as well ....
Cristina Cifuentes and K. John Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software -- Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
....could employ against them. 1 Introduction Given enough time, effort and determination, a competent programmer will always be able to reverse engineer any application. Having gained physical access to the application, the reverse engineer can decompile it (using disassemblers or decompilers [4]) and then analyze its data structures and control flow. This can either be done manually or with the aid of reverse engineering tools such as program slicers [28] This is not a new problem. Until recently, however, it is a problem that has received relatively little attention from software ....
.... Delta Delta Delta; 5) C[i] Delta Delta Delta; Delta Delta Delta (6) int D[9] 7) for(i=0;i =8;i ) D[i] 2 D[i 1] Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta (8) int E[2,2] 9) for(i=0;i =2;i ) for(j=0;i =2;i ) swap(E[i,j] E[j,i] T ) 1 ) int A1[4],A2[4] 2 ) if ( i 2) 0) A1[i 2] Delta Delta Delta else A2[i 2] Delta Delta Delta; Delta Delta Delta (3 ) int BC[29] 4 ) BC[3 i] Delta Delta Delta; 5 ) BC[i 2 3 1 i 2] Delta Delta Delta; Delta Delta Delta (6 ) int D1[1,4] 7 ) for(j=0;j =1;j ) ....
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Cristina Cifuentes and K. John Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software -- Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
....This is a problem that has recently received renewed attention. The reason is that it is becoming more common to distribute software in architecture neutral formats, such as Java bytecode [10] and ANDF [16] and because of the emergence of reverse engineering tools such as decompilers [5, 21] and program slicers [24] 1.1 Means of Software Protection Alice can protect her code from Bob s attack using either legal [23] or technical [9] protection. Economic realities often make it difficult for a small company like Alice s to enforce the law against a larger and more powerful ....
....site would identify its architecture, and the corresponding native code version of the application (perhaps digitally signed by Alice to assure authenticity and harmlessness) would be transmitted. Only having access to the native code will make Bob s task more difficult, although not impossible [5]. 1.2 Code Obfuscation The final approach, and the one we will advocate in this paper, is code obfuscation (Figure 1) The basic idea is for Alice to run her application through an obfuscator, a program that transforms the application into one that is functionally identical to the original but ....
Cristina Cifuentes and K. John Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software -- Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
....found a need for pseudocode. The greatest difficulty in creating modified code that compiles has been to get the types and declarations correct. A natural question at this point is why not use reverse engineering techniques to obtain an optimized source program directly from the optimized binary [2, 4, 9, 10]. The reason for not doing so is that the new program must be recognizable and understandable by someone familiar with the original program. Due to the loss of some types of control flow data, as well as the nature of certain optimizations such as software pipelining and loop optimizations, code ....
C. Cifuentes and K. Gough, "Decompilation of Binary Programs", Technical Report FIT-TR-9403, Faculty of Information Technology, Queensland University of Technology, Australia, April 1994.
....When down loading the application, the user s site identifies its architecture, and the corresponding native code version of the application is transmitted. Digital signatures should be attached to the code to assure authenticity and harmlessness. Decompilation of the native code is still possible [3], but much more difficult, if, as is usual, symbol naming and type information is suppressed. Encryption Encrypting [11, 21] the application will only protect against theft if the entire decryption execution process takes place in hardware. If the code is executed in software by a virtual machine ....
.... Delta Delta; Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta (3) int B[10] C[20] 4) B[i] Delta Delta Delta; 5) C[i] Delta Delta Delta; Delta Delta Delta (6) int D[10] 7) for(i=0;i =9;i ) D[i] 2 D[i 1] Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta Delta (8) int E[3,3]; 9) for(i=0;i =2;i ) for(j=0;i =2;i ) swap(E[i,j] E[j,i] T ) 1 ) int A1[5] A2[5] 2 ) if ( i 2) 0) A1[i 2] Delta Delta Delta else A2[i 2] Delta Delta Delta; Delta Delta Delta (3 ) int BC[30] 4 ) BC[3 i] Delta Delta Delta; 5 ) BC[i 2 3 1 i 2] Delta Delta Delta; ....
Cristina Cifuentes and K. John Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software -- Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and K. Gough. Decompilation of Binary Programs. Software Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and K. Gough. Decompilation of Binary Programs. Software Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and K. Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software - Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and K. J. Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software - Practice & Experience, pages 811--829, July 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and K. J. Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software - Practice & Experience, pages 811--829, July 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and K. Gough, "Decompilation of Binary Programs", Technical Report FIT-TR-94-03, Faculty of Information Technology, Queensland University of Technology, Australia, April 1994.
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C. Cifuentes, K.J. Gough, \Decompilation of Binary Programs", Software { Practice and Experience, vol.25 no.7 (July 1995), pp.811-829.
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C. Cifuentes and K. J. Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Technical Report FIT-TR-1994-03, School of Computing Science, Queensland University of Technology, 19, 1994.
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Cristina Cifuentes and K. John Gough. Decompilation of binary programs. Software--- Practice & Experience, 25(7):811--829, July 1995. 28
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C. Cifuentes and K. J. Gough, "Decompilation of Binary Programs", Software---Practice and Experience, Vol. 25, No. 7, July 1995, pp. 811--829.
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C. Cifuentes and K. J. Gough, "Decompilation of Binary Programs", Software---Practice and Experience, 25(9), Jul. 1995.
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C. Cifuentes and KJ Gough, "Decompilation of Binary Programs", Software - Practice & Experience. Vol 25(7), July 1995. Pp 811-829.
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