T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....software meta controller to dynamically reconfigure realtime systems. Compared with feedback control real time scheduling, the software meta control is a higher level control that occurs only when the system mode changes. In the area of multimedia communication, several papers [Meer97] Li98][Abde98] presented feedback control architectures and algorithms for QoS control. These works are targeted at supporting end to end QoS in distributed multimedia communication and they are not scheduling algorithms. Meeting task deadlines is not a focus of these works. The idea and framework of feedback ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and Kang G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication" 1EEE RTAS, June 1998.

....scheduling and estimation of worst case resource requirements can result in an extremely expensive and underutilized system. As a cost effective approach to achieve performance guarantees in unpredictable environments, several adaptive scheduling algorithms have been recently developed (e.g. 5][8][9] 24] 44] 46] 55] While early research on real time scheduling was concerned with guaranteeing complete avoidance of undesirable effects such as overload and deadline misses, adaptive real time systems are designed to handle such effects dynamically. There remain many open research questions ....

....blocked due to I O. This type of feedback control is based on intuitive solutions rather than systematic control derivation to achieve performance guarantees. In recent years, QoS adaptation architectures and algorithms have been developed to support applications such as communication subsystems [8], multimedia [19] 24] distributed visual tracking [46] and operating systems [55] 61] 63] 69] 78] Some of these techniques [55] 61] 63] include optimization algorithms to optimize the value in QoS adaptation. However, their optimization algorithms assume that the resource requirement of every ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....can be based on the use of utility functions [10] which enable the specification of value to particular resource parameters and the evaluation of the effect of changes in such parameters. Such utility functions have been used to guide the configuration of real time and multimedia applications [11,12,13]. 3.3.1 Resource Allocation Algorithms We assume a simple model of best effort delivery coupled with monitoring and policing of data channels. Although this eliminates the possibility of providing service guarantees, we believe that the expected usage of the MOPED does not warrant the overhead ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin, End-Host Architecture for QOS-Adaptive Communication. IEEE Real-Time Technology and Application Symposium (RTAS'98), June 1998.

....parameters of real time tasks. Finally, conclusions and future work are discussed in Section 5. 2 Related Work There has been significant work on adaptive resource management [14, 8, 15] and reservation [21, 10, 7, 4] Likewise, many researchers have implemented entire QoS architectures [1, 12, 2] to meet the service requirements of realtime applications. By comparison, our work focuses on the provision of QoS safe mechanisms at the kernel level of existing general purpose operating systems. General purpose systems provide a set of generic service policies that are ill suited to the needs ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....services. We defined a class service model which consists of two kinds of service classes: Adaptive and Guaranteed. They are presented in the following subsections. 4. 1 Adaptive class service By adaptive we mean a service class that can be requested without any admission control mechanism [2]. According to UserApplication users cosSocket library n 1 n 1 Delegate unixSocket library cosManager entity 1 1 1 # ....

....architecture is able to prevent the class Cp from overload conditions by guaranteeing the availability of the service even in the case of server overload. 6. RELATED WORK Quality of Service provisioning for data delivery and realtime applications have received considerable attentions in [1] and [2]. There are been appreciable progresses in QoS support separately for Web Server [1] Many works like [13] as well as our previous experience in quality of service support [7] highlights needs to service di#erentiation even in the end system. Di#erent architectures have been proposed and ....

T.F. Abdelzaher, K.G. Shin, "End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication", in Proc. of IEEE Real Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....We expect this approach could reduce the implementation effort while the proposed performance study is feasible. 7 Related Work Recently, the notion of QoS has been well studied and widely applied to computational systems. Numerous QoS architectures were proposed; for a few examples refer to [4, 5, 6, 15, 21, 22]. In an adaptive QoS model, it is generally assumed that the users can tolerate quality fluctuations from switching among multiple service levels. System responsiveness can increase by gracefully degrading the quality level under transient overload. Furthermore, resource allocation can be ....

....the quality level under transient overload. Furthermore, resource allocation can be optimized through the QoS level adaptation. For example, QoS sensitive near optimal resource allocation algorithms were proposed in [25] In multimedia applications, QoS adaptation techniques are studied in depth [14, 16, 20, 5, 24]. In [7] admission control and scheduling algorithm are described to provide better service to the premium class in web or multimedia servers. Several service differentiation architectures for web servers can be found in [7, 11, 13, 19] Despite the abundance of the QoS research, QoS related ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-Host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication. In Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Montreal, Canada, June 1997.

....from a network point of view. Thus, given that the delay and PRER constraints are met, the QoS for data users should reflect the throughput and fairness. There are many ways to define this QoS. Recently, there has been a lot of work on using utility functions to describe QoS for data in wireline [16, 17] and wireless [18 20] communications. In this paper, we adopt the utility function based approach. We define the utility function U i (R i ) for user i as a function of the data rate R i . We assume that the utility function is concave and monotonically increasing. The concavity of U i ( imposes ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," in Real-Time Technology and Applications - Proceedings

....of general operating systems. Our approach is to provide for a resource reservation mechanism to cater to the real time resource requirement[5] of multimedia applications. We propose the design of a Resource Manager which allocates and manages the end host resources among the processes[7]. We identify three important resources at the end host namely, the processor, memory and system bus cycles. A process reserves these resources by negotiating with the Resource manager. The goals that we seek to achieve are: a) real time resource management using kernel supported reservation ....

T.Abdelzaher and Kang G.Shin, End-host Architecture for QoS Adaptive Communication, IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, June 3-5, 1998.

....confidence about the observations, which is essential for dependable adaptation. In contrast, we focus on providing a global view of the environment (consistent to all participating entities) and on ensuring the correctness of that view. Relatively to adaptation strategies, we mention the work in [1], that proposes adaptation among a fixed number of accepted QoS levels, and the work in [20] that uses control theory to enhance adaptation decisions and fuzzy logic to map adaptation values into application specific control actions. Just like ours, both these works assume that the environment ....

Tarek F. Abdelzaher and Kang G. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, USA, June 1998. 17

....can tolerate multiple levels of QoS, which vary in resource requirements. Given the requirements of different QoS levels, an adaptation mechanism can determine the right QoS level depending on load conditions. Several related previous projects also take this approach. Abdelzaher et al. [2] has proposed algorithms to select an appropriate QoS level according to QoS contracts, based on feedback control mechanisms. Brandt et al. 6] builds a series of middleware level agent based services, collectively referred to as Dynamic QoS Resource Manager, that dynamically monitors system and ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-Host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication. In Proceedings of Fourth IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, pages 121--130, June 1998.

....from a network point of view. Thus, given that the delay and PRER constraints are met, the QoS for data users should reflect the throughput and fairness. There are many ways to define this QoS. Recently, there has been a lot of work on using utility functions to describe QoS for data in wireline [16, 17] and wireless [18 20] communications. In this paper, we adopt the utility function based approach. We define the utility function U i (R i ) for user i as a function of the data rate R i . We assume that the utility function is concave and monotonically increasing. The concavity of U i ( imposes ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," in Real-Time Technology and Applications - Proceedings 1998. IEEE Comp Soc, Los Alamitos, CA, 1998, pp. 121 -- 130.

.... [11, 27, 60, 44, 2] Such architectures support applicationlevel specification of quality requirements [23, 34] translation of quality requirements at the various stages of the system [22, 16, 34] and evaluation of the utility of a given quality of service to an application, using reward [1], value [36] or payoff [40] functions. However, these architectures lack the ability for applications to explicitly control which (and to what extent) services are adapted at runtime, based on each application s dynamically changing resource (and, possibly, QoS) requirements. Such control is ....

....a forward error correction scheme and a Stop and Go protocol depends on how quickly the information used to determine the need for adaptation is obtained. It is the flexibility of the mechanisms offered by Dionisys that enable different adaptation strategies to be supported. Abdelzaher and Shin [1] propose an end host architecture for QoS adaptive communication that can support hard and soft real time guarantees. A user specifies a QoS contract that consists of a series of alternative QoS levels, the rewards for achieving a certain QoS, and the penalty for violating required QoS. The aim is ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

T.F. Abdelzaher and K.G. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....model, but the results are largely untested in an actual soft real time system. Abdelzaher et al. use a very similar notion of QoS Levels to support automated flight control processes distributed over a pool of processors [1] They have also extended the concept to apply to network resources [2]. Both of their systems are built on top of RT Mach and rely on its real time support and scheduling. Their work uses QoS Levels and benefit in a very similar manner to this work and also examines some aspects of policy independent QoS mechanisms. A significant difference from the work described ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication", Proceedings of the 4 th IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, June 1998.

....and audio applications. Such architectures support application level specification of quality requirements [18, 25] translation of quality requirements at the various stages of the system [17, 13, 25] and evaluation of the utility of a given quality of service to an application, using reward[1], value[26] or payoff[29] functions. 2 However, these architectures lack the ability for applications to explicitly control which (and to what extent) services are adapted at runtime, based on each application s dynamically changing QoS requirements. Such control is particularly important for ....

....that will adapt their service to those managers chosen by the application when event channels are established. Furthermore, the extent to which an service manager adapts its service is influenced by the application s handler function that resides in the service manager itself. Abdelzaher and Shin[1] propose an end host architecture for QoS adaptive communication that can support hard and soft real time guarantees. A user specifies a QoS contract that consists of a series of alternative QoS levels, the rewards for achieving a certain QoS, and the penalty for violating required QoS. The aim is ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....to be embedded into monitors and handlers, to influence how resources are best allocated amongst competing applications. Conse quently, service managers can use this information to improve overall quality across all applications. This is similar to work done by others, using value[17] reward[1] and payoff[19] functions. 5. Related Work Many research groups have proposed different architectures and middleware[4, 13, 27, 20, 2, 26] to provide runtime quality of service guarantees on information exchanged between hosts in a distributed environment. However, the Dionisys QoS ....

....of service guarantees on information exchanged between hosts in a distributed environment. However, the Dionisys QoS infrastructure that we propose, focuses on the issues of supporting application specific extensions for quality of service management, in a flexible manner. Abdelzaher and Shin[1] propose an end host architecture for QoS adaptive communication that can support hard and soft real time guarantees. A user specifies a QoS contract that consists of a series of alternative QoS levels, the rewards for achieving a certain QoS, and the penalty for violating required QoS. The aim is ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....does not exceed 100 , DWCS guarantees that each such activity does not miss more than x deadlines for every y requests. In this sense, DWCS is an optimal on line scheduling algorithm. 1. Introduction Background. Recently, there has been a large amount of research targeted at end host support[1, 5, 10, 22, 17, 2, 21] for guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) of real time, distributed applications that transfer information across a network. Such applications include not only real time multimedia, but also virtual environments[6, 15] groupware[12] distributed interactive simulations (DIS) 19] and ....

T.F. Abdelzaher and K.G. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....running. Again, this can be done on a case by case basis, or by defining classes of applications with given attributes, namely time elasticity or time safety. It is very interesting to verify that a lot of work has been done recently in studying and proposing ways of dealing with QoS adaptation[1, 3, 14, 6, 16, 23]. The point is that many applications are naturally able to provide services with different QoS, and so if there is any possibility of dynamically adapting this QoS to the changing environment, then the application should do that. However, the works we know of do not always follow a metrics that ....

Tarek F. Abdelzaher and Kang G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, USA, June 1998. IEEE Computer Society Press.

....We use CLIPS to provide connection endpoints with QoS sensitive allocation of CPU and link resources. The real time communication service described in this paper uses a subset of CLIPS features: the complete library includes support for QoS adaptation and resource monitoring as detailed in [44]. Internal to CLIPS, each clip is provided with a message queue to buffer messages generated or received on the corresponding endpoint, a communication handler thread to process these messages, and a packet queue to stage packets waiting to be transmitted or received. Once a pair of clips are ....

....We plan to conduct further experiments with a number of stored video traces. We are also currently extending the communication architecture to allow for QoS adaptation to available host and network resources. We have implemented an end host architecture for adaptive QoS communication services [44] and plan to use components of the architecture presented in this paper to implement an end to end adaptive QoS communication scheme. In Section 6 we described the complex process of parameterizing the overheads of the communication subsystem and target platform. The efforts involved in detailed ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin, "End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication," in to appear in Proc. Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....specific channel service. Many such functions exist (often referred to as utility functions[She95] and may be formulated for the diverse multimedia applications considered in our work. In [JLT85] and [DKT 93] such functions are formulated in the context of real time application deadlines. AS98] uses reward functions to capture similar application specified service valuations, but limits these specification to poor , good and excellent . In comparison, our approach provides a more general interface for service valuation. Figure 2(a) depicts two sample payoff functions addressing ....

Tarek Abdelzaher and Kang Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Application Symposium (RTAS'98), June 1998.

No context found.

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

No context found.

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In IEEE RealTime Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....to the design of computing systems. For example, several papers [2] 9] 14] 15] 20] 34] 36] presented adaptive CPU scheduling techniques to improve digital control system performance. These techniques are tailored to the specific characteristics of digital control systems. Several other papers [4][13] 31] 32] 35] presented adaptive QoS management architectures for computing systems such as multimedia and communication systems. These solutions are mostly concerned with absolute metrics such as deadline miss ratio and CPU bandwidth utilizations rather than relative delays. In [1] a least ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium,Denver,Colo- rado, June 1998.

....to integrate control system design with real time scheduling. In [25] a feedback based scheduling scheme was used to adjust CPU allocation based on application dependent progress monitors. 1] 7] 23] 26] utilized flexible timing constraints for performance adaptation in realtime control systems. [3][9] 12] 15] presented QoS control architectures for multimedia and communication systems. In [2] a PI controller was applied in resource allocation to achieve web server QoS. However, to the authors knowledge, no unified framework has been proposed that integrates the specs of dynamic responses ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," 1EEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....the TCP control segments from data segments at IP routers. Resource management is essential to real time applications. Meeting timing constraints with high resource utilization is the a key goal of resource management. Numerous approaches have been proposed and implemented to achieve this goal [1, 2, 3, 9, 19, 25, 30, 36, 37], in which adaptation and hierarchy are the two key features. Also, resource isolation has been utilized as a powerful mechanism to counter DoS attacks [3, 17, 27] However, most of these approaches are designed for applications, end hosts and edge routers, without paying attention to the resource ....

T. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication", Proceedings of IEEE RTAS'1998.

.... example, in the dynamic distillation architecture by Fox [28] and the active services framework for multimedia transcoding [11, 10] Adaptive QoS frameworks for multimedia systems include the QoS A framework [22] the Heidelberg QoS model [53] Vnet [27] NetWorld [25] the QoS adaptation model of [8], COMETS Extended Integrated Reference Model (XRM) 37] the OMEGA end point architecture [45] and the QoS Broker [44] Odyssey [46] presents a framework for experimenting with application aware adaptation on mobile computing platforms. The AQUA system [36] has developed QoS negotiation and ....

....that an application can tolerate multiple levels of service which vary in their quality and resource requirements. Given the requirements of different QoS levels, an adaptation mechanism determine the right QoS level depending on load conditions. Such QoS adaptive service models were presented in [32, 31, 24, 4, 8]. Resource allocation mechanisms were developed to take advantage of adaptation. For example, the Q RAM architecture [47] introduces QoS sensitive near optimal resource allocation algorithms for applications with multiple resource requirements and multiple QoS dimensions. FARA [49, 48] presents a ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....the application can tolerate multiple levels of service which vary in their quality and resource requirements. Given the requirements of different QoS levels, an adaptation mechanism can determine the right QoS level depending on load conditions. Such QoS adaptive service models were presented in [3, 4, 11, 16, 17]. Resource allocation mechanisms were developed to take advantage of adaptation. For example, the Q RAM architecture [27] introduces QoS sensitive near optimal resource allocation algorithms for applications with multiple resource requirements and multiple QoS dimensions. FARA [29, 30] presents a ....

....is proposed to adapt to network and client variability via on line compression techniques. In the multimedia community several systems were described with adaptive QoS. Examples include the QoS A framework [10] the Heidelberg QoS model [39] V net [13] NetWorld [12] the QoS adaptation model of [4], COMETS Extended Integrated Reference Model (XRM) 20] the OMEGA end point architecture [24] and the QoS Broker [23] Odyssey [26] presents a framework for experimenting with application aware adaptation on mobile computing platforms. The AQUA system [19] has developed QoS negotiation and ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....among multiple server processes, and explore the implications on OS design and resource management. 2. 1 Communication Subsystem Extensions for Servers We augmented the server side communication subsystem with the notion of QoS contracts which express QoS requirements on the client s behalf [5]. A QoS contract expresses the nominal QoS level the server is requested to deliver and a minimum acceptable QoS level for the client. It may also specify the utility (or 1 Outgoing Packet Queue QoS Mapping QoS Level Adjustment Admission Control Scheduling Thread Monitoring Load ....

Tarek F. Abdelzaher and Kang G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," Proc. IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998. 8

....framework that attempts to maximize system utility. We proposed a flexible QoS specification interface for applications with elastic QoS requirements and demonstrated its applicability in the context of a flight control system. This work was extended for communication oriented applications in [7] which advocated a new architecture for OS communication subsystems. The Q RAM architecture [102] introduced QoS sensitive near optimal resource allocation algorithms for applications with multiple resource requirements and multiple QoS dimensions. FARA [108] presents a hierarchical adaptation ....

....support for adaptive multimedia applications. In the multimedia community, various communication architectures have been proposed to support adaptive QoS guarantees. Examples include the QoS A framework [28] the Heidelberg QoS model [140] V net [45] NetWorld [31] the QoS adaptation model of [7], COMETS Extended Integrated Reference Model (XRM) 74] the OMEGA endpoint architecture [93] and the QoS Broker [92] Odyssey [96] presents a framework for experimenting with application aware adaptation on mobile computing platforms. A novel RSVP based QoS architecture supporting integrated ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication," in IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....application can tolerate multiple levels 3 of service which vary in their quality and resource requirements. Given the requirements of different QoS levels, an adaptation mechanism can determine the right QoS level depending on load conditions. Such QoS adaptive service models were presented in [2, 3, 9, 15, 16]. Resource allocation mechanisms were developed to take advantage of adaptation. For example, the Q RAM architecture [27] introduces QoS sensitive near optimal resource allocation algorithms for applications with multiple resource requirements and multiple QoS dimensions. FARA [29, 30] presents a ....

....limitations such as inaccuracies in estimating application resource requirements. In [13] a dynamic distillation method is proposed to adapt to network and client variability via on line compression techniques. In the multimedia community several systems were described with adaptive QoS as well [3, 7, 10, 12, 18, 19, 24, 26, 42]. A good survey of such architectures can be found in [5] While these approaches are more flexible in that they allow adaptation, they still share in common with their predecessors the need to know the resource requirements of tasks. We envision a fourth paradigm for real time scheduling that ....

T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

....Multimedia applications are generally communicationintensive. Several communication related architectures have therefore been proposed to support multimedia QoS guarantees. Examples include the QoS A framework [6] the Heidelberg QoS model [33] V net [8] NetWorld [7] the QoS adaptation model of [3], COMETS Extended Integrated Reference Model (XRM) 16] the OMEGA endpoint architecture [24] and the QoS Broker [23] The design of QoS sensitive operating system communication subsystems has been investigated in [20, 18, 35] QoSguaranteed protocol stack implementation in the user space has ....

....The approach is extended in [5] to account for practical limitations such as inaccuracies in estimating application resource requirements. In [2] we presented a QoS negotiation framework that attempts to maximize system utility and extended it to an architecture for OS communication subsystems [3]. In contrast to OS solutions, the work presented in this paper relies on portable middleware. We explicitly target server platforms. Since such platforms typically run a single application (the server) we do not deal with issues of trust among independent applications with conflicting ....

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T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technol- ogy and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

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T.F. Abdelzaher and K.G. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

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T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication. In Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, pages 121--130, 1998.

No context found.

T.F. Abdelzaher, K.G. Shin, "End-host architecture for qos-adaptive communication", in Proc. of IEEE Real Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

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T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, USA, June 1998.

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T. Abdelzaher and K. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, pages 121-130, June 1998.

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Tarek Abdelzaher and Kang Shin. End-host architecture for QoS-adaptive communication. In IEEE Real-Time Technology and Application Symposium (RTAS'98), June 1998.

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T. F. Abdelzaher and K. G. Shin, "End-host Architecture for QoS-Adaptive Communication," IEEE RealTime Technology and Applications Symposium, Denver, Colorado, June 1998.

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