D. Sugimoto, Y. Chikada, J. Makino, T. Ito, T. Ebisuzaki, M. Umemura, A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems, Nature 345 (1990) 33-35.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....For current parallel machines that have a peak speed of around 50 Gflops, it would take nearly a year to complete the simulation. Thus, it should be clear that the simple bruteforce approach is not a viable option for large N body simulations (although using specialized hardware such as GRAPE [1] makes it a possibility) The second approach is to try to develop better algorithms that can solve problems to the desired accuracy using much less computational power. In this paper we show that a moderately fast workstation running a treecode can update the forces on 10 5 particles in 50 ....

D. Sugimoto, Y. Chikada, J. Makino, T. Ito, T. Ebisuzaki, and M. Umemura, "A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems," Nature, vol. 345, p. 33, 1990.

....computation: we can reduce the frequency with which the force at an individual particle is calculated [66] or we can reduce the computational cost of calculating the force per particle. In this thesis we shall concentrate on the latter strategy. Purpose built parallel computers, such as the GRAPE [77], are used to compute the force directly; however, an alternative approach is to implement fast summation techniques on existing parallel machines. These techniques use approximations when calculating the interactions which can reduce the time for execution substantially. Several algorithms exist ....

Sugimoto, D., Chikada, Y., Makino, J., Ito, T., Ebisuzaki, T., Umemura, M., "A Special Purpose Computer for Gravitational Many-Body Problem", Nature, 345, p33-5, 1990.

....gain is very large, since, at least in some cases, we might be able to use a fair fraction of available transistors to perform useful arithmetic operation. On the other hand, there are many practical difficulties which would offset the potential gain. In section 3, we discuss our GRAPE project[3,4] as an example of, well, reason ably successful projects to develop special purpose computers. In section 4, we speculate on the future of the large scale scientific computing. Special purpose computing 2.1 Astrophysical N body problem The idea of building special purpose computers for ....

D. Sugimoto, Y. Chikada, J. Makino, T. Ito, T. Ebisuzaki, M. Umemura, A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems, Nature 345 (1990) 33-35.

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Sugimoto D., Chikada Y., Makino J., Ito T., Ebisuzaki T., and Umemura M. (1990) A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems. Nature 345, 33--35.

....come mainly from the advance in the silicon semiconductor technology. GRAPE 6 will enable us to directly simulate the evolution of star clusters with up to 1 million stars. 1. Introduction In 1988, we started the development of special purpose computers for astrophysical N body problems (GRAPE; [11]) The basic idea was to build a simple and small hardware, which is designed specifically to calculate gravitational interactions between particles. This hardware operates in cooperation with a general purpose programmable computer, which performs all other calculations such as time integration ....

Sugimoto D., Chikada Y., Makino J., Ito T., Ebisuzaki T., and Umemura M. (1990) A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems. Nature 345: 33--35.

....be competitive with these new methods. Of course, a careful and detailed timing comparison under realistic circumstance will be necessary to draw a firm conclusion. 5. 3 Implementation on special purpose computers Our group has developed a series of special purpose computers for N body problem [14, 12]. The basic function of these machines is to evaluate and accumulate the gravitational interaction between particles. Though a modified version of the tree algorithm has been implemented on these machines [10] previously only the monopole (effectively dipole) approximation could be used, since ....

D. Sugimoto, Y. Chikada, J. Makino, T. Ito, T. Ebisuzaki, and M. Umemura, A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems. Nature 345 33--35 (1990).

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