P. A. Cohen P., Chaudhri V. and S. R. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems. In AAAI Proceedings 99, pages 221226, 1999.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....is much appreciated by OM users [6] as it gives them explanations of the selected information. Since we base our method on an ontology, we could easily obtain these characterizations from standard documentation slots which exist in most ontology development environments. Cohen and colleagues [12], were among the first to investigate the use of metrics for ontologies. In the context of the HPKB US project [14] ontology metrics were defined to measure the level of reuse of ontological concepts in applications. For example, whenever a new axiom was added in the application s knowledge base, ....

P. Cohen, V. Chaudhri, A. Pease, and R. Schrag, `Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems?', in Proceedings of the Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI'99, Orlando, FL, USA, pp. 221--226, (July 1999).

.... A computer can help you check your email . 5. 3 Evaluation A recent discussion of methodology for evaluating knowledge acquisition can be found in [48] Other work that serves as an inspiration performed quantitative studies of usefulness of prior knowledge for knowledge acquisition; it includes [9, 18]. Our evaluation of the knowledge acquired will focus on measuring improvements in the performance application, as is detailed in the following section. Additionally, we will comment on the following questions: How much knowledge did we get How much of it was used for further acquisition ....

P. R. Cohen, V. K. Chaudhri, A. Pease, and R. Schrag. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems? In AAAI/IAAI, pages 221-226, 1999.

....also be subject to evaluation, and this is the topic we begin to address in this paper. KBS researchers have studied the problems of assessing knowledge reuse, the effectiveness of KA tools, and the adequacy of acquired knowledge. Quantitative studies are relatively rare, the exceptions include [2, 10, 4], and the norm is a report of the qualitative benefit of e.g. the use of an existing ontology, or the use of a KA tool. The applicability of software engineering (SE) approaches to KBS evaluation has been noted previously [7] and such techniques been successfully applied [5, 9] This paper ....

Cohen, P. R., Chaudhri, V., Pease, A., and Schrag, R. Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-based Systems ? Proceedings of The Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-99) http://projects.teknowledge.com/HPKB/Publications.html

....the best combined n, k time bound known for any constant factor approximation algorithm. In particular, if k # O(logn) then our algorithm is more efficient than previous algorithms. We have implemented this algorithm and used it to find tree decompositions of graphs used in the HPKB project [14] and in the CYC knowledge base [28] One of those graphs had 570 vertices and treewidth greater than 23 (the width achieved by our decomposition was 70; we do not know the actual treewidth) There was no way to treat this size of graphs and treewidth before. A good survey paper on TREEWIDTH is ....

....and Goldberg [13] We have experimented with several graphs of various sizes and treewidths. The results of three of them are depicted in Figure 3. They were achieved on a Sun SuperSparc 60. The results of these decompositions are now being used in reasoning with the HPKB and CYC knowledge bases [14, 28] (using algorithms of [3] 8 Graph Nodes Edges Time Resulting Width CYC1 142 469 2min 40sec 21 HPKB1 570 3840 13hours 70 HPKB2 446 2637 2hours 34min 58 Figure 3: Graphs, their processing time and the resulting width of the decomposition. 5 Conclusions This paper presented a simple ....

Paul Cohen, Vinay Chaudhri, Adam Pease, and Robert Schrag. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems. In Proc. National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI '99), pages 221--226. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1999.

....logic, cannot be built. The common logical parentage between KIF and Prolog allowed our compromises to be relatively modest. We do not have a metric for cost e ectiveness of this experiment. Neither could we use an o the shelf one for metrics on knowledge reuse are yet to be formulated. [10] is the pioneering work on that. We do have a subjective evaluation, though. If we were to start building Ecolingua, knowing what we have learned, we would still use the Ontolingua server for browsing existing, potentially useful, ontologies. However, we would prefer to manually write down the ....

Paul Cohen, Vinay Chaudhri, Adam Pease, and Robert Schrag. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledgebased systems? In Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Articial Intelligence - AAAI-99, pages 221-226. AAAI Press, 1999.

....funding bodies and commerce for measurable costs and benefits of knowledge technologies. KBS researchers have studied the problems of assessing knowledge reuse, the effectiveness of KA tools, and the adequacy of acquired knowledge. Quantitative studies are relatively rare, the exceptions include [2, 8, 3], and the norm is a report of the qualitative benefit of e.g. the use of an existing ontology, or the use of a KA tool. The applicability of software engineering (SE) approaches to KBS evaluation has been noted previously [6] and such techniques been successfully applied [4, 7] This paper ....

Cohen, P. R., Chaudhri, V., Pease, A., and Schrag, R. Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-based Systems ? Proceedings of The Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-99) http://projects.teknowledge.com/HPKB/Publications.html

....of ontologies are now available on the Internet. Nonetheless, widespread reuse of ontologies is a reality to be seen. Reuse is not yet considered cost effective, demanding lots of time and effort. The number of published systematic studies on reuse of ontologies is thus low. To our knowledge [Cohen et al. 1999] is the only publication along these lines. Similarly, we hear a lot about otologies design, but we do not know much detail about what people do with ontologies, in a realistic scale, once they are designed. Three aspects, in particular, make the construction of Ecolingua a realistic experiment on ....

Cohen, P., Chaudhri, V., Pease, A. and Schrag, R. (1999). Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-based Systems? In AAAI-99, Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1999, Orlando, Florida, USA, pages 221-226. AAAI Press, Menlo Park, California.

....using DISCIPLE: an incremental knowledge acquisition tool [Tecuci 1998] DISCIPLE includes machine learning tools for abstracting learnt rules which makes them more generally applicable. As DISCIPLE runs, its builds and updates the meta knowledge used for the purposes of abstraction. 2. Cohen, Chaudhri, Pease Schrag [1999] studied how much ontologies supported the development of HPKB applications. The recent terms addded to an ontology offer more support than words added previously by other authors. My reading of this result is that it does not support the current efforts in building supposedly reusable ....

Cohen, P., Chaudhri, V., Pease, A. & Schrag, R. [1999], Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems?, in `AAAI'99'.

....to answer. This technique has been explored in [11] where the author describes how a set of questions, called competency questions , were used to evaluate the expressiveness of the ontology that is required to represent them and to characterise their solutions. A similar approach is described in [4] where a set of sample questions were used to evaluate and debug ontologies that were built by different teams as part of an ontology sharing experiment. The underpinning theory behind these questions is the ontological commitment as defined in [13] An ontology is a logical theory accounting ....

Cohen,P. and Chaudhri,V. and Pease,A. and Schrag,R. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems? In Proceedings of the Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Orlando, FL, USA, AAAI'99, July 1999.

....system to deal with schema changes and to synchronize the divergent copies of a KB. Instrumentation was developed to compute statistics on KB size, reuse, and axiom creation time. The results on knowledge reuse were published and presented at the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Cohen, Chaudhri et al. 1999), Chaudhri, Thomere et al. 2000) The practical issues arising in the content development were presented at the International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (Pease, Chaudhri et al. 2000) This report is organized as follows. We first discuss the CMCP that ....

....only direct effects of an action, this simple model was effective in practice. This example illustrates the reuse of notions of causality that were already conceptualized in the HPKB UL. The empirical results that we present here are based on a reuse metric that has been proposed previously (Cohen, Chaudhri et al. 1999). The metric can be computed for either axioms or terms. Suppose that a knowledge engineering task requires n terms and k of those can be reused from an existing KB; then, k n measures the extent of reuse of the KB. We measured k n both for KB construction and for the axioms used for answering the ....

Cohen, P., V. K. Chaudhri, et al. (1999). Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-based Systems. Proceedings of the AAAI-99: 221-226.

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P. A. Cohen P., Chaudhri V. and S. R. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems. In AAAI Proceedings 99, pages 221226, 1999.

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P. Cohen, V. Chaudhri, A. Pease, and R. Schrag, Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems, in Proc. National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI '99), AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1999, pp. 221--226.

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Cohen, P., et al., Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-based Systems, in Proceedings of the AAAI-99. 1999. p. 221-226.

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Cohen, P., et al., Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-based Systems, in Proceedings of the AAAI-99. 1999. p. 221-226.

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P. Cohen, V. Chaudhri, A. Pease, and R. Schrag. Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems? In Proceedings of the Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI'99, Orlando, FL, USA, pages 221-- 226, July 1999.

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Paul Cohen, Vinay Chaudhri, Adam Pease and Robert Schrag. Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-Based Systems? In the Proceedings of AAAI-99, 1999.

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Paul Cohen, Vinay Chaudhri, Adam Pease and Robert Schrag. Does Prior Knowledge Facilitate the Development of Knowledge-Based Systems? To be pubblished in the Proceedings of AAAI-99, 1999.

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