Rayner K. (1998) Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124(3), 372-422. Home/Search Document Not in Database Summary Related Articles Check |
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....example, when reading a newspaper, the useful field of view may cover only a fraction of the fovea. For readers of alphabetical orthographies, such as English or French, for example, the span extends from 3 4 letters to the left of fixation to about 14 15 letter spaces to the right of fixation [9]. While reading tasks are comparably well understood, viewing tasks populate a much wider spectrum. Contrary to reading, there is no particular correct way to look at a picture. Context differences are generally at play and viewing behavior and eye movement patterns change as a function of ....
....pleasing images. Figure 5 shows an example. This system employs a perceptual model that works from gaze recordings from a single user (see the inset) to decide which parts of a photograph should be removed, as eye movement patterns are good indicators for what is important to the viewer [9]. Instead of blurring away detail where the user didn t look, the result is stylized using smooth black lines and colored regions. This produces a rendering that guides the viewers attention to what the original user found important. This way, the incorporation of one viewer s gaze guides the ....
Rayner, K. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin 124, 3 (1998), 372--422.
Adaptive Rapid Serial Visual Presentation - Öquist (2001) (1 citation) (Correct)
....MS Reader 242 80,4 Fixed RSVP 249 58,5 Content adaptive 260 51,2 Context adaptive 258 79,5 5.2.1. 2 Short texts The null hypothesis regarding no difference in reading speed between the conditions when reading short texts was rejected since the main factor for reading speed was significant (F[3,45]=8.4, p=0.040) Pairwise comparisons revealed that all RSVP conditions increased reading speed significantly (p#0.002) compared to using traditional text presentation with the MS Explorer (Table 5) Table 5. Reading speeds for short texts. Condition Avg. wpm Std. dev. MS Explorer 157 53,2 ....
....to the left of the tick mark on a 120 mm scale. The factors were not rated within each other. 5.2.3. 1 Long texts The null hypothesis regarding no difference in task load between the conditions when reading long texts was rejected as all main factors except Physical demand became significant (F[3,45]#5.2, p#0.014) Pairwise comparisons revealed that the use of RSVP resulted in significantly higher (p#0.014) task loads compared to using traditional text presentation with the MS Reader (Figure 13) Context adaptive Content adaptive Fixed RSVP MS Reader Task load rating ( of mm ....
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422.
A Reinforcement Learning Model of Selective Visual Attention - Minut, Mahadevan (2000) (2 citations) (Correct)
....is a very attractive approach, because it has the potential of building only sparse models based on local information [1] However, the visual attention mechanism raises a plethora of natural issues and questions. For a rather detailed account of the state of the art in vision psychology see [10]. We shall mention three questions that we consider of fundamental importance. In the rst place, since the next xation point is generally not in the fovea, its selection must be done based on coarse, low resolution visual information, without a thorough understanding of its semantics. The ....
Rayner, K. (1998), Eye Movements in Reading and Information Processing: 20 Years of Research, Psychological Bulletin, vol. 124, no. 3. pp 372-422
Maintaining Information Awareness in a Dynamic Environment.. - McCrickard (2000) (1 citation) (Correct)
....when using the fade (see Figure 12) While this result is not immediately intuitive, it does seem to correspond to the model that most people use during peripheral monitoring activities: they are focused on a primary task while occasionally glancing at the peripheral display. As noted by Rayner [64], only a limited number of characters (up to 20) can be processed in a quick glance at a display. The greater number of characters in the larger display, particularly for the ticker, may make it harder for a person to find the desired information with a quick glance. While the size of the display ....
Keith Rayner. Eye movements in reading and information processing. Psychological Bulletin, 85:618--660, 1978.
The Role of Correlated Properties in Accessing Conceptual.. - McRae, de Sa, Seidenberg (1993) (1 citation) (Correct)
....prime target similarity determines amount of facilitation. Simulating short interval semantic priming is straightforward in a system that is sensitive to semantic similarity and possesses temporal qualities. Because a word s meaning is assumed to be computed in 100 to 300 ms (Gough Cosky, 1977; Rayner, 1978), the 250 ms stimulus onset asynchrony in Experiment 3 should have been sufficient to allow a stable conceptual pattern to be computed for the prime. Therefore, for the priming simulations, the prime s orthographic pattern was clamped and its conceptual representation was computed. With the ....
Rayner, K. (1978). Eye movements in reading and information processing. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 618-660.
Restricted Focus Viewer: A Tool for Tracking Visual Attention - Alan Blackwell Anthony (2000) (Correct)
....focus of visual attention can provide important insight into the strategies used in diagrammatic reasoning. For this reason, eye tracking equipment has been of great benefit to researchers in examining these strategies. This applies not just in the area of diagrammatic reasoning, but also reading [8], cartography [13] scene perception [10] and cognitive processes in general [6, 16] Yet despite the benefits that traditional eye tracking provides, it also has significant drawbacks. First is expense: typically, the better the resolution accuracy and sampling rate, the more expensive the system ....
Keith Rayner. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124(3):372--422, 1998.
A Theory of Interaction and Independence in Sentence Understanding - Mahesh (1993) (3 citations) (Correct)
....and do not reprocess surface level representations repeatedly by eye movement unless they are stuck in a garden path. This has been supported by experimental studies such as reading time and eye movement studies [Carpenter and Daneman, 1981; Carpenter and Just, 1988; Frazier and Rayner, 1982; Rayner, 1978] We also assume that people do not reprocess surface structures internally in some kind of buffer which would store parts of the sentence they are currently reading. 8. We do not need structural transformations in syntax. We are assuming, as others have done before [e.g. Jurafsky, 1991] that ....
K. Rayner. Eye Movements in Reading and Information Processing. Psychological Bulletin, 85:618--660, 1978.
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Rayner K. (1998) Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124(3), 372-422.
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Rayner, K., 1998, Eye Movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372--422.
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Rayner, K.: Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin 124 (1998) 372--422
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K. Rayner. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124:372-422, 1998.
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K. Rayner. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychology Bulletin, 124(3):372--422, 1998.
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K. Rayner. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124:372--422, 1998.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372 -- 422.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372--422.
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Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372--422.
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Rayner, K. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124: 372-422, 1998.
Eye-Tracking Analysis of User Behavior in WWW-Search - Granka, Joachims, Gay (2004) (1 citation) (Correct)
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Rayner, K. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124: 372-422, 1998.
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K. Rayner. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124:372--422, 1998.
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Rayner, K. (1998) Eye movements in reading and information processing: twenty years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422.
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Rayner, K., "Eye movements in reading and information processing", Psychological Bulletin, 85, pp. 618-660, 1978.
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