I. Subramanian, C. Mather, K. Peterson, and B. Raghunath. Implementation of multiple pagesize support in HP-UX. In Proceedings of the USENIX 1998.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....system needs to control fragmentation, without penalizing system performance. The problem of effectively managing superpages thus becomes a complex, multi dimensional optimization task. Most general purpose operating systems either do not support superpages at all, or provide limited support [6, 19, 20]. This paper develops a general and transparent superpage management system. It balances various tradeoffs while allocating superpages, so as to achieve high and sustained performance for real workloads and negligible degradation in pathological situations. When a process allocates memory, our ....

....Under memory pressure, reservations can be preempted to regain free space [20] The main goal of Talluri and Hill s design is to provide a simple, best effort mechanism tailored to the use of partialsubblock TLBs, which are described in Section 3.3. In contrast, superpages in both the HP UX [19] and IRIX [6] operating systems are eagerly created at pagefault time. When a page is faulted in, the system may allocate several contiguous frames to fault in surrounding pages and immediately promote them into a superpage, regardless of whether the surrounding pages are likely to be accessed. ....

I. Subramanian, C. Mather, K. Peterson, and B. Raghunath. Implementation of multiple pagesize support in HP-UX. In Proceedings of the USENIX 1998.

....improvement. A business application like the TPC C benchmark (which is known to have poor locality and large working set) was also shown to bene t from large pages. The authors report 70 to 90 reduction in TLB misses and 6 to 9 performance improvement for this application. Subramanian et al. [17] describe their implementation of multiple page size support in the HP UX operating system for the HP 9000 Series 800 system which uses the PA 8000 microprocessor. In their design the VM data structures such as the page table entry, virtual and physical page frame descriptors are based on the ....

I. Subramanian, C. Mather, K. Peterson, and B. Raghunath. Implementation of multiple pagesize support in HP-UX. In Proc. of the 1998.

....for a 2001 Octane2: a factor of 100 in 11 years. If an application s working set is larger than a mere megabyte, TLB misses might have a negative impact on performance much larger than the 4 or 5 reported in the 80 s [1, 9] In fact, researchers now report 50 and higher for some applications [5], and we observed 400 in an extreme yet realistic case. To expand TLB coverage, most modern processors support multiple page sizes through superpages, which are sets of contiguous pages that require only one translation entry in the TLB. Processors simultaneously support several superpage sizes, ....

....non adaptive ways. The former allow processes to map superpage memory by means of system V shared memory. The latter allows the user to de ne a preferred page size for a binary; the actual page size is assigned at page fault time and remains unchanged, regardless of the process s access pattern [5]. Researchers have studied mechanisms to provide transparent, dynamic support for superpages through online promotion, where promotion is the action of upgrading a set of pages to a superpage. Nevertheless, the viability of these approaches has not been fully validated, because the conditions ....

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I. Subramanian, C. Mather, K. Peterson, and B. Raghunath. Implementation of multiple pagesize support in HP-UX. In Proceedings of the USENIX

....their page size. This puts a great deal of responsiblity on the application programmers who must understand the paging behavior of their programs and make special purpose calls. Such a scheme is not portable, and seems unecessary since, as we will show here and as others have demonstrated [22], a fully transparent scheme can be made to work quite well. Given the constraints of existing and emerging hardware designs, the OS programmer working with standard microprocessors must adjust to the lack of generic superpage support and towards relatively small TLBs. It follows that, more ....

Indira Subramanian. Implementation of multiple pagesize support in hp-ux. In USENIX

....and accurate samples of program behavior at run time with low overhead [Dean et al. 97] While this support is intended to drive off line optimizations [Anderson et al. 97] the same mechanisms could be used to drive dynamic optimizations. ffl Operating system designers at Hewlett Packard [Subramanian et al. 98] and SGI [Ganapathy Schimmel 98] have implemented the virtual memory extensions needed to support multiple page sizes. These mechanisms would enable implementation of the policy for superpage management introduced in this thesis. ffl Numerous architectures provide flexible support for a wide ....

I. Subramanian, C. Mather, K. Peterson, and B. Raghunath. Implementation of Multiple Pagesize Support in HP-UX. In Proceedings of the USENIX 1998 Annual Technical Conference. USENIX Assoc., June 1998. To appear.

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I. Subramanian, C. Mather, K. Peterson, and B. Raghunath. Implementation of multiple pagesize support in HP-UX. In Proceedings of the USENIX 1998.

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