C. C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. H. Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proc. ACM Hypertext'91, pages 261--275. ACM, ACM Press, Dec. 1991.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....by mere placement of documents and materials close to each other on a canvas. Spatial hypertext thereby supports informal, ad hoc, organization of electronic materials. Within the last decade the virtues of spatial hypertext for informal information organization have been explored in the Aquanet [8, 9] and VIKI [11] systems, among others. Spatial parsing augments spatial hypertext by letting the computer automatically recognize hierarchical spatial groupings on the canvas using the placement (created by users) of work materials for group detection. With help from the parser, such groups can be ....

C. C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. H. Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proc. ACM Hypertext'91, pages 261--275. ACM, ACM Press, Dec. 1991.

....industry. ASCAD uses a claims arguments evidence motif for representing argument structure (see Figure 2) GSN uses a similar goals strategies solutions form of construction. Existing hypertext systems that have adopted elements of Toulmin s schema include AAA [10] and more recently Aquanet [11]. Claim Evidence Evidence Inference rule Inference rule Argument structure Subclaim Figure 2: A generic graphical argument using a claimsarguments evidence structuring motif This formulation is for arguments supporting claims about systems. Other domains for rigorous argumentation ....

....development (see Section 4.2) multiple schemas and user schema definition (see Section 3.6) User defined annotation fields and narratives act as a pervasive pliant margin . ASCE recreates some graphical structuring facilities that have already been implemented in other systems such as Aquanet [11]. Experience with Aquanet suggests that users avoided formal link structuring, preferring to use spatial arrangement of data to show association and to delimit different parts of the investigation. Our experience runs somewhat counter to this. Explicitly typed nodes and links are crucial in ....

Marshall C., Halasz, F, Rogers R, & Jansen W C. Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In proceedings of Hypertext 91 (San Antonio, Texas) ACM New York 1991.

....is displayed. Storyspace allows the construction of both univalent links (links with a single beginning and a single end) and multivalent links (links with multiple sources and or destinations) which can be labelled arbitrarily by the writer. 3. 4 Aquanet and the Visual Knowledge Builder Aquanet [53] is a tool designed to support knowledge structuring tasks. Users are able to create and browse knowledge structures (interconnected networks of information bearing nodes) Node types and links can be created, according to a user definable schema, for example the Toulmin argumentation structure ....

....simple ordinate subordinate relationships enforced by the Writing Environment, and the information piles classification metaphor adopted by the VIKI and VKB spatial hypertext systems. The Annotation Desk has more in common with the activ ity spaces of SEPIA [75] Storyspace [11] and Aquanet [53] systems, where more 40 meaningful association structures are possible. The Annotation Desk extends these approaches by providing a higher level integration with both the author s operating environment (in that information nodes can be dragged and dropped on to the Annotation Desk) and the ....

Catherine C. Marshall, Frank G. Halasz, Russell A. Rogers, and William C. Janssen, Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Discovering Structure II, pages 261-275, 1991.

.... applications, some models diverge entirely from standard notions of links; for example, Parunak introduces set based hypertext for applications that involve taxonomic reasoning [21] The expressiveness of hypertext models has been extended by adding types to nodes, links, and structures [5, 15, 20]. Finally, for the sake of flexibility, in some applications links are left implicit, computed dynamically by using text analysis methods or other heuristics for determining regular interconnections [2, 6] Thus we see systems and applications designers broadening the field, in some cases by ....

Marshall, C.C., Halasz, F.G., Rogers, R.A., and Janssen, W.C. Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of Hypertext`91 (Dec. 16--18, San Antonio, Tex.). ACM, New York, 1991, pp. 261--275.

....of hypermedia documents. The design space is divided into several activity spaces providing specific design objects and operations according to the authors activities. In the planning space, authors can for example control their activities by developing issue structures based on IBIS. The Aquanet (Marshall, Halasz, Rogers, and Janssen 1991) system is a more general platform which allows designers to customize knowledge structures by the definition of specific node and link types. A graphical browser based user interface can be used to create, compose and modify large graphical knowledge structures. Typing has also been used for a ....

Marshall, C., F. Halasz, R. Rogers, and W. Janssen (1991, December). Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of the Third ACM Conference on Hypertext (Hypertext'91), San Antonio, Texas, pp. 261--275.

.... similar in concept to the DLS, as links can be easily provided within an annotation framework (in fact the DLS currently provides support for annotations through the inclusion of extra data in the link databases) Early work on spatial metaphors for organizing and classifying hypertext material [Marshall et al. 1991] inspired a prototype of the link access facilities described in section 4.3 by one of the authors [Carr 1995] Further work in the hypertext community on the use of spatial hypertext [Marshall and Shipman 1993; Marshall et al. 1994] has resulted in a commercial system (Bernstein s Web Squirrel ....

Marshall, C.C., F.G. Halasz, R.A. Rogers and W.C. Janssen (1991), Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of Hypertext '91, San Antonio, Texas December 16-18, pp. 261-275.

....explore its structure. The knowledge structures merge hypertext constructs with frame based representations using basic objects (nodes) and relations (links) In Aquanet, schemas are used to define the appearance of the screen in order to improve readability, not to structure the data internally [16]. The Hypermedia Design Model (HDM) is a design model for hypertext applications. In HDM, the term schema is used to describe a hierarchical structural pattern of entity types allowing for different hyperviews as required for a particular situation. At this time, however, an ....

Catherine C. Marshall, Frank G. Halasz, Russell A. Rogers, and William C. Janssen, `Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place', in Hypertext '91 Proceedings, December, 1991.

....domains. One such domain is engineering as discussed by Malcolm et al. in [14] and illustrated by the systems Dynamic Design [1] Ishys [8] and the present paper. Another domain is structured argumentation, as represented by gIBIS [4] Authors Argumentation Assistant [22] and AquaNet [15]. In [16] Nanard and Nanard use the term rich hypertext structure model to cover essentially the same notion. In most hypertext systems it is satisfactory to show only one node in one window. In our work, however, we emphasize the creation of coherent, textual views on several nodes and links. ....

Catherine C. Marshall, Frank G. Halasz, Russel A. Rogers, and William C. Janssen Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of the Hypertext'91 conference, pages 261--275, 1991.

....and comment on their own and others form and relations, so they must be able to represent their own form and movement. 1 How inquiry even in well defined tasks can turn back upon its own schemes and organization can be seen in the adventures of Aquanet from the optimism of its announcement [23] through the unexpected observations about informal and implicit patterning [24] that lead to creation of VIKI [25, 26, 40] In the flow of scholarly literature, writers must be necessarily reluctant to commit themselves to fixed types and patterns in advance. Thus we find a multiplication of ....

....content could be created to meet particular needs. These might be crossroads documents such as the overviews found in George Landow s work [21] Or the author created representations might involve special tools such as the structural views in SEPIA [9, 32] or the Aquanet type editor and display [23]. Such systems provide facilities for representing a structure of argument or data that is the object of discussion and development, but they do not provide a easy medium for recording the stages in such discussion, the proposed alternative organizations, or the issues that are disputed in various ....

Marshall, C. C., Halasz, F. G., Rogers, R. A., and Jansen, W. C. Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. Proceedings of Hypertext 91, San Antonio, Texas, (Dec. 16-18, 1991): p. 261-275.

....level 1 (inside nodes and links) as well as at the macroscopic level (among nodes and links) Rich hypertexts may appear in a variety of different application domains. One such domain is structured argumentation, as represented by gIBIS [5] Authors Argumentation Assistant [20] and AquaNet [16]. Another domain, in which rich hypertexts are present, is engineering as discussed (Internet: kasper iesd.auc.d and knormark iesd.auc.dk) 1 The microscopic level corresponds to the within component level in the Dexter model of hypertext [10] The macroscopic level corresponds to the storage ....

Catherine C. Marshall, Frank G. Halasz, Russel A. Rogers, and William C. Janssen Jr. Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of the Hypertext'91 conference, 1991.

....instances and to provide users with context sensitive examples, choices, and explanations. Compared with many other systems, our approach is more comprehensive and has many new features. SEPIA [9, 25] gIBIS [4] and PHIDIAS [15] support pre defined types created by system developers. Aquanet [13], OVAL [11] and MacWeb [16] use certain formal representations to allow knowledge structures to be defined by schema designers. The approach presented in this paper allows ordinary users to define document types simply by creating sample documents. DOLPHIN [7] supports the co existence of and ....

C. C. Marshall, F. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. Janssen, Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of ACM Hypertext '91, 1991.

....unable to cast off the chains of the linking paradigm. This has often left us at a loss for common terminology to discuss these other uses of structure in computing. Witness the inability of many (even recently) proposed hypermedia models to naturally address the needs of spatial hypertext systems [6, 8] or the newer systems for literary [2, 12] and artistic work [4, 14] Secondly, linking implies the primacy of data, not structure. We still view hypertext functionality as something to be added onto over real programs data. The hypermedia field has long realized the necessity of first class ....

Marshall, C., Halasz, F., Rogers, R., Jansen, W. 1991. Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. Proceedings of HT 91 (San Antonio, TX, Dec) 261-275.

....styles to anchors when necessary. As hypertext, our document model provides only simple binary links for navigation and embedding. To exploit the rich potential of hypertext, we need to support more sophisticated structuring functions such as n array links, which are found in systems like Aquanet [20]. As an alternative of n array links, we are now studying the introduction of a new type of field that is defined as a combination of attributes. We have assumed that each fragment of information in the underlying structure should be reached by following a unique context in the organization, ....

C.C. Marshall, F.G. Halasz, R.A. Rogers, and W.C. Janssen, `Aquanet: A Hypertext Tool to Hold Your Knowledge in Place', in Proceedings of the Third ACM Conference on Hypertext (Hypertext'91), 261--275, ACM Press, New York, (1991).

....samedocument. In the NoteCards system of XeroxPARC [8] multiple users may open and read the same node, but only one user has the ability to modify the node s content at one time. This limitation leads to draft passing back and forth between authors working on the same document. The Aquanet system [11] currently developed at Xerox PARC is a hypertext tool supporting the task of collaborative knowledge structuring. It provides a What you see is what I did (WYSIWID) view on a shared knowledge structure. Based on a central database and a data view architecture it allows for semi synchronous ....

....tool providing shared layers whereas SEPIA is a hypertext authoring system. CaveDraw requires explicit synchronization between layers, whereas cooperative SEPIA does not require explicit set up of connections to other coauthors. CaveDraw does not support an audio communication channel. Aquanet [11] follows also the replicated architecture approach and makes use of a database, but does not support synchronous cooperation in terms of shared views, telepointers, and audio communication. Our first use of the prototype system is concerned with project plan maintenance and proposal writing. Early ....

C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, W. C. Janssen Jr.: Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of the 3nd ACM Conference on Hypertext (Hypertext `91), pages 261-275, San Antonio, Tx, December 15-18, 1991.

....PHIDIAS (McCall et al. 1990) However, since end users are usually not system developers, tailoring by end users is not supported by these systems. Another approach is to provide certain formal representations to allow knowledge structures to be defined by schema designers. Examples are Aquanet (Marshall et al. 1991) and MacWeb (Nanard and Nanard, 1991) These systems are closer to end users, but still require specially trained schema designers. A third approach is to support templates (i.e. parametrized adaptation as provided by NoteCards (Trigg et al. 1987) Templates capture a reusable hypertext ....

....18:36; p.7 8 Weigang Wang and J rg M. Haake Cooperative hypermedia systems support asynchronous or synchronous sharing of hypermedia spaces. Usually, the process support provided is limited to one or a few cooperation modes, as in SEPIA (Haake and Wilson, 146; Streitz et al. 1992) Aquanet (Marshall et al. 1991), or KMS (Akscyn et al. 1988) and cannot be tailored by end users. Trellis used a Petrinet based model to represent document structures with browsing semantics, cooperation protocols, and software processes (Furuta and Stotts, 1994) Here, users capable of defining Petri nets can define new ....

Marshall, C. C., F. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. Janssen, Jr.: 1991, Aquanet: A Hypertext Tool to Hold Your Knowledge in Place'. In: Proceedings of ACM Hypertext'91.

....Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) specification [Mic92] Several approaches to text management have been proposed. Customized document storage management systems, including text specific access languages, have been implemented on top of commercial relational database systems (see, for example, [Wei85, Mar91]) or as stand alone systems (see, for example, Gon87, Mac92] these systems are incapable of simultaneously supporting conventional data. Alternatively, text storage has been provided by conventional systems, where long data fields are used for binary large objects or blobs [Bil92] but ....

C. C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. Janssen Jr., "Aquanet: a Hypertext Tool to Hold Your Knowledge in Place," Proc. 3rd ACM Conf. on Hypertext: Hypertext 91, San Antonio (Dec. 1991) 261--275.

....training and supervision helped users learning the general techniques for hypermedia authoring, but they tended to avoid (or lose interest in) the more sophisticated formalisms. Unlike NoteCards, which only supported the expression of binary relationships between chunks of information, Aquanet (Marshall et al. 1991) used a substantially more general (and more complex) model of hypertext that involved a user defined frame like knowledge representation scheme with a graphical presentation component. Aquanet users would first select a schema, a description of the node and relation (link) types to be used in a ....

C. Marshall, F. Halasz, R. Rogers, W. Janssen. (1991). Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. Hypertext `91 Conference.

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C. C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. H. Jr. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proc. ACM Hypertext'91, pages 261--275. ACM, ACM Press, Dec. 1991.

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CATHERINE C. MARSHALL, FRANK G. HALASZ, RUSSEL A. ROGERS, and WILLIAM C. HANSSEN JR. Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proc. ACM Hypertext'91, pages 261--275. ACM, ACM Press, December 1991.

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C. C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and J. William C. Janssen, "Aquanet: a Hypertext Tool to Hold Your Knowledge in Place," in ACM Hypertext. ACM Press, 1991, pp. 261--275.

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Marshall, C. C. / Halasz, F. G. / Rogers, R. A. / Janssen, W. C. Jr. "Aquanet: A Hypertext Tool to Hold Your Knowledge in Place" in HT'91 [HT'91]

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Marshall, C., Halasz, F., Rogers, R. and Janssen, W. Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place, In Proc. Third ACM Conference on Hypertext (HT '91). (San Antonio, TX, Dec, 1991), pp. 261-275.

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C. C. Marshall, F. G. Halasz, R. A. Rogers, and W. C. Janssen, Jr., "Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place," Proc. Third ACM Conference on Hypertext (Hypertext'91), San Antonio, Texas, Dec. 15-18, 1991, pp. 261-275.

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Marshall, C.C., Halasz, F., Rogers, R., and Janssen, W. 1991. Aquanet: a hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In ACM HT91 (1991): 261-275.

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Marshall C., Halasz, F., Rogers, R., & Jansen, W. Jr. (1991). Aquanet: A hypertext tool to hold your knowledge in place. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Hypertext (Hypertext '91) (pp. 271 - 285). San Antonio, TX, December 15 - 18. ACM Press.

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