Warrington, E. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72:175--196.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....same type of argument can be applied for the genesis of semantic errors. In addition to producing visual, semantic, and visual then semantic errors, this model, when damaged in particular ways, also demonstrates the counterintuitive abstract word advantage occasionally observed in some patients (Warrington, 1981). Although the explanations for the observed errors offered in the work of Plaut and colleagues are cast in terms of distortion of the attractor basins of the network, thus focusing on location in attractor space as the source of the errors, consideration of the operation of these networks over ....

Warrington, E. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72:175--196.

....severe lesions to the clean up pathway produce opposite effects: concrete words are read more poorly and produce more visual errors. In fact, this type of lesion and pattern of performance are consistent with what is known about the single, enigmatic patient with concrete word dyslexia (C.A.V. Warrington, 1981). His reading disorder was quite severe initially, and he also showed an advantage for abstract words in picture word matching tasks and with auditory presentation, suggesting modality independent damage at the level of the semantic system. These effects can be understood in the following way. As ....

Warrington, E. K. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72:175--196.

....under this type of lesion, the processing of most concrete words is impaired but many abstract words can be read solely by the direct pathway. In fact, there is a single known exception to the advantage for concrete words shown by deep dyslexic patients: patient CAV with concrete word dyslexia [War81]. CAV failed to read concrete words like MILK and TREE but succeeded at highly abstract words such as APPLAUSE, EVIDENCE, and INFERIOR. Overall, abstract words were more likely to be correctly read than concrete (55 vs. 36 ) In complementary fashion, 63 of his visual error responses were more ....

Elizabeth K. Warrington. Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72:175--196, 1981.

....distinct processing modules, as abstract words could merely be more difficult to pronounce than concrete words, for instance. However, other patients can be shown to exhibit the opposite dissociation, that is, they perform better on abstract words than on concrete words. For instance, patient CAV (Warrington, 1981) correctly pronounced 36 of concrete words, but 55 of abstract words. As Plaut (1995) indicates, patients PW and CAV together exhibit a double dissociation. It is therefore tempting to conclude that abstract and concrete words are processed by separable underlying processing modules. However, ....

Warrington, E.K. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72, 175--196.

....because they are inherently more difficult to pronounce (although still well within the abilities of normals) On this latter account, one would not expect to see the opposite dissociation: better reading of abstract than concrete words following brain damage. However, this is exactly what Warrington (1981) observed in a patient CAV with a left hemisphere tumor: he read correctly 36 of concrete words but 55 of abstract words. Together, PW and CAV constitute a double dissociation of concrete and abstract word reading. 1 In a similar way, double dissociations among brain damaged patients have been ....

....kinds versus artifacts (see Warrington Shallice, 1984) In each of these cases, a natural interpretation of the pattern of results is that the different tasks are subserved by separate neural mechanisms, such that these mechanisms can be selectively impaired by brain damage. For instance, Warrington (1981) states, the only plausible interpretation of a double dissociation between abstract word deficit and concrete word deficit . is that the functional and structural organization of semantic representations of words is categorical (p. 185) That is to say, the semantics of concrete words and ....

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Warrington, E. K. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72, 175--196.

....under this type of lesion, the processing of most concrete words is impaired but many abstract words can be read solely by the direct pathway. In fact, there is a single known exception to the advantage for concrete words shown by deep dyslexic patients: patient CAV with concrete word dyslexia [War81]. CAV failed to read concrete words like milk and tree but succeeded at highly abstract words such as applause, evidence, and inferior. Overall, abstract words were more likely to be correctly read than concrete (55 vs. 36 ) In complementary fashion, 63 of his visual error responses were more ....

Elizabeth K. Warrington. Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72:175--196, 1981.

....reading requires distinct processing modules since abstract words might, for example, simply be more difficult to pronounce than concrete words. Other patients can be shown to exhibit the opposite dissociation. They perform better on abstract words than on concrete words. For instance, patient CAV (Warrington, 1981) correctly pronounced 36 of concrete words, but 55 of abstract words. As Plaut (1995) indicates, patients PW and CAV together exhibit a double dissociation. It is therefore tempting to conclude that abstract and concrete words are processed by separable underlying processing modules. However, ....

Warrington, E.K. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72, 175--196.

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Warrington, E. K. (1981). Concrete word dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 72, 175-196.

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