Dunn, J.C. & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering Functionally Independent Mental Processes: The Principle of Reversed Association. Psychological Review, 95, 91-101.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....that explore the frequency regularity confound which is at the root of many of the recent confusions. I will end with a general discussion and some conclusions. 2 Double Dissociation Modularity The various types of dissociation have been discussed in detail by Shallice [13] and Dunn Kirsner [6]. If a patient performs very much better on Task 1 than on Task 2, then we have a strong single dissociation. If two patients have opposite dissociations, then we have a double dissociation (as in Figure 1) Such a double dissociation (DD) in performance is usually explained by the existence of ....

....double dissociation for Tasks 1 2, Patients A B. 54 DD which can be taken to imply separate Lexical and Rule Based modules in a Dual Route Model of reading (e.g. by Coltheart et al. 4] In fact, double dissociations are taken quite generally to imply modularity, even though Dunn Kirsner [6] have shown that this cannot generally be justified. Moreover Shallice [13, p249] lists a number of non modular systems that can produce dissociations (even double dissociations) when damaged (e.g. topographic maps, overlapping processing regions, coupled systems) However he claims that as yet ....

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Dunn, J.C. & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering Functionally Independent Mental Processes: The Principle of Reversed Association. Psychological Review, 95, 91-101.

....work demonstrates that double dissociations may not necessarily be attributable to explicit architectural modularization, but may instead be a consequence of functional specialization in the representational system of the network. In this way, the modeling work of Plaut complements the work of Dunn and Kirsner (1988), who arrived at essentially the same conclusions (i.e. a rejection of the standard modular interpretation of double dissociations) on purely logical grounds. 10 These findings have important implications for the present paper because they show that it is unwarranted to assume the existence of a ....

Dunn, J.C., & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering functionally independent mental processes: The principle of reversed association. Psychological Review, 95, 91--101.

....be characterized as a crossover interaction between the type of lesion and task performance. Such an interaction is thought to reveal the presence of at least two functionally independent and spatially distinct systems. This logic depends on several assumptions which have been discussed elsewhere (Dunn Kirsner, 1988; Farah, 1994; Shallice, 1988; Weiskrantz, 1969) Of particular importance here, it can be shown that several types of non modular functional architectures are capable of producing double dissociations when damaged (Shallice, 1988) For instance, Plaut (1995) showed that double dissociations can ....

Dunn, J. D., & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering functionally independent mental processes: The principle of reversed association.

....grounds, but one of its most pernicious effects may be that it tends to perpetuate the notion that it makes sense to think about the issues in terms of separable or non separable modules. Does it make sense to infer from the observation of double dissociation that independent modules are at play Dunn and Kirsner (1988) developed a compelling argument that double dissociations are in fact insufficient to establish that two processes are independent. They showed that systems that consist of only one processing module can nevertheless produce crossed double dissociations under some circumstances, and suggested to ....

....logic ideally requires that one can identify tasks that involve only one component of the underlying cognitive system. Just as neuropsychologists hunt for pure cases patients whose impairment is limited to a single component of the system (Plaut, 1995) psychologists hunt for pure tasks. Dunn and Kirsner (1988) described this strategy as involving an assumption of selective influence , that is, the assumption that each experimental variable selectively affects a single process, and that each process contributes to a single task. However, as Dunn and Kirsner (1988) point out, this assumption is a very ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

Dunn, J.C., & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering functionally independent mental processes: The principle of reversed association. Psychological Review, 95, 91--101.

....that double dissociations are not necessarily attributable to architectural specialization, but can instead be a consequence of functional specialization in the representational system of the network. In this way, the CLEEREMANS FRENCH 15 modeling work of Plaut complements nicely the work of Dunn and Kirsner (1988), who arrived at essentially the same conclusions (i.e. a rejection of the standard interpretation of double dissociations) based on purely logical arguments. In the same vein, but perhaps even more strikingly, Plaut (1995) also reported that the effects of any single lesion are essentially ....

Dunn, J.C., & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering functionally independent mental processes: The principle of reversed association. Psychological Review, 95, 91--101.

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