R. S. Zucker, "Short-term synaptic plasticity," Annu. Rev. Neurosci., vol. 12, pp. 13--31, 1989.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....Data on Dynamic Synapses In most models for networks of spiking neurons one assumes that the weight (or efficacy ) of a synapse is a parameter that changes only on the slow time scale of learning. It has however been known for quite some time (see for example [Katz, 1966, Magleby, 1987, Zucker, 1989] that synaptic efficacy changes with activity. The responses shown in Figure 1 represent the complex interactions of many usedependent forms of synaptic plasticity, many of which are listed in Table 1. Some involve an increase in synaptic efficacy (called facilitation or enhancement ) while ....

.... and depression (a use dependent decrease in release probability) Subsequent studies have revealed that usedependent changes in presynaptic release probability underlie many forms of short term plasticity, including some seen in the hippocampus and neocortex (reviewed in [Magleby, 1987, Zucker, 1989, Fisher et al. 1997, Zador and Dobrunz, 1997] These changes occur on many different time scales, from seconds to hours or longer (reviewed in [Zador, 1998] On first sight the binary response (release failure of release) of a single synapse might appear to be inconsistent with the multitude ....

Zucker, R. (1989). Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 12:13--31.

....was varied from 2 to 30 Hz, even when the role of voltage dependent conductances was minimized. In addition to active and passive membrane properties, frequency and time dependent processes could, theoretically, contribute to the temporal filtering properties of neurons; synaptic depression (Zucker, 1989) is one mechanism for achieving such attenuation. At stimulus onset, PSP amplitude would be a f unction of a neuron s passive and active membrane properties. As the high frequency stimulus is maintained, however, PSP amplitude might be attenuated until a steady state is reached. This hypothesis ....

Zucker RS (1989) Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annu Rev Neurosci 12:13--31.

.... von der Malsburg (1987) as an explanation of visual object segmentation, and was implemented in the RF LISSOM model of segmentation by Choe and Miikkulainen (1998) and Miikkulainen et al. 1997) A variety of physical substrates for temporary modifications in efficacy have been found (reviewed in Zucker, 1989). Such effects could also be included in the TAE model, which would allow it to replicate the saturation and dark recovery aspects of the human TAE. The main contribution of the RF LISSOM model of the TAE is its novel explanation of the indirect aftereffect. Proponents of the lateral inhibitory ....

Zucker, R. S. (1989). Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 12, 13--31.

....Data on Dynamic Synapses In most models for networks of spiking neurons one assumes that the weight (or efficacy ) of a synapse is a parameter that changes only on the slow time scale of learning. It has however been known for quite some time (see for example [Katz, 1966, Magleby, 1987, Zucker, 1989] that synaptic efficacy changes with activity. Figure 12.1. Synaptic response depends on the history of prior usage: Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) recorded from a CA1 pyramidal neuron in a hippocampal slice in response to stimulation of the Schaffer collateral input. The stimulus is a ....

.... 12.2 Biological Data on Dynamic Synapses 325 crease in release probability) Subsequent studies have revealed that usedependent changes in presynaptic release probability underlie many forms of short term plasticity, including some seen in the hippocampus and neocortex (reviewed in [Magleby, 1987, Zucker, 1989, Fisher et al. 1997, Zador and Dobrunz, 1997] These changes occur on many different time scales, from seconds to hours or longer (reviewed in [Zador, 1998] Figure 12.3. The upper panel shows the temporal evolution of release probabilities for a train of a 10 Hz spike train with regular ....

Zucker, R. (1989). Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 12:13--31.

....generating enough paired spikes during the entire duration of T ; this mechanism should be reversible. These considerations are strongly suggestive of fast, reversible, Hebbian type synaptic plasticity, as proposed by von der Malsburg [1] and as documented in a number of studies, e.g. [18]. Competition between bonds. While an elementary Lego brick ff can bind with any other elementary brick, it cannot bind simultaneously with more than a few. This exclusion rule, in 24 Lego, results from the limited amount of R 3 space available in the immediate neighborhood of any brick ff. ....

Zucker, R.S., 1989. Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 12:13--31.

....the hippocampuse can be 0:9 or higher [5] Moreover, release probability at a synapse is strongly modulated by the recent history of activity at that synapse. This modulation occurs through a variety of distinct biophysical mechanisms including paired pulse facilitation and paired pulse depression [59]. Previous formal models [2] 46] 52] account only for the average probability across a population of synapses. In this section, which describes a part of recent joint work with Zador [34] we will be interested in the computational implications of the more complex model of a synapse that is ....

....by two distinct processes: facilitation, and depression. Facilitation in our model depends on the number of spikes that arrive at the presynaptic terminal. This is consistent with a mechanism in which the facilitation is determined by the amount of calcium that has entered the presynaptic terminal [59], which in turn depends on the number of spikes that invade the presynaptic terminal. Depression in our model depends on the number of vesicles actually released by the synapse; such a dependence could arise for example if depression was the result of depletion of the pool of readily releasable ....

R. Zucker, "Short-term synaptic plasticity", Annual Review of Neuroscience, vol. 12, pp 13--31, 1989.

.... an elementary form of learning already present in invertebrate systems [16] In higher order systems, short term depression of visual and auditory synapses is responsible for temporary receptive fields adaptation [17] The underlying mechanism has been widely studied in neuro pharmacology [18] and several computational models have been proposed, similar to the rule used in this study [19] More recently, similar stimulus dependent receptive field modulations have been investigated in the infero temporal cortex of the primate during delayed discrimination tasks (DMS) visually selective ....

R.S. Zucker. Short-term synaptic plasticity. Ann Rev Neurosci, 12:13--31, 1989.

....the behavior of the synapse. A standard method for describing synaptic transmission is to measure responses to a variety of spike trains and then build a model that accounts for the results (Mallart and Martin, 1967; Magleby and Zengel, 1975; Zengel and Magleby, 1982; for related models see Zucker, 1989; Yamada and Zucker, 1992; Delaney and Tank, 1994) An alternate, modelindependent approach is based on a Volterra expansion of the PSP time course (Krausz and Friesen, 1977) This method is extremely attractive because it provides a well defined program for building the description that is of ....

....circuits. Detailed models of synaptic facilitation, augmentation, potentiation and depression have been developed from analyses of the responses of postsynaptic cells to families of spike trains (see for example: Mallart and Martin, 1967; Magleby and Zengel, 1975; Zengel and Magleby, 1982; Zucker, 1989; Yamada and Zucker, 1992; Delaney and Tank, 1994) Like the synaptic decoding method, these models can be used to predict the responses to novel spike trains. The description that resulted from the decoding approach is similar to that of some synaptic models (Magleby and Zengel, 1975; Zengel and ....

Zucker RS (1989) Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annu Rev Neurosci 12:13-31.

....Science Fund , project number P12153. 1 Introduction In most neural network models, neurons are viewed as the only computational units, while the synapses are treated as passive scalar parameters ( weights ) It has, however, long been recognized (see for example [Katz, 1966, Magleby, 1987, Zucker, 1989, Zador and Dobrunz, 1997] that biological synapses can exhibit rich temporal dynamics. These dynamics may have important consequences for computing and learning in biological neural systems. There have been several previous studies of the computational consequences of dynamic synapses. Little ....

Zucker, R. (1989). Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 12:13--31.

.... in (von der Malsburg 1981) Temporal feature binding has in the mean time been widely discussed in the neuroscience literature and has received some experimental basis (K onig Engel 1995) Although rapid synaptic weight changes have been discussed (Crick 1982) and reported in the literature (Zucker 1989), the quasi Hebbian control and the time course for rapid reversible plasticity that is implied and required here must still wait for experimental validation. 200 500 t = 0 1 000 2 000 image layer model layer 5 000 10 000 Figure 1: DLM between image and model. The nodes are indicated by black ....

Zucker, R. S. (1989). Short-term synaptic plasticity. Ann. Rev. Neuroscience, 12:13--31.

.... neurons in the auditory system of frogs fire preferentially to the frequency of amplitude modulation present in the mating calls of conspecifics (Rose, 1986) The mechanism whereby these cells respond to specific spike train frequencies could involve the dynamics of certain membrane conductances (Zucker, 1989; McCormick, 1990; Midtgaard, 1994) although the present work suggests that the appropriate pattern of excitatory and inhibitory synapses on passive dendrites is sufficient. The basic processes underlying temporal discriminations are best understood from the two pulse experiments. At synaptic ....

Zucker, R. S. 1989. Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 12, 13-31.

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R. S. Zucker, "Short-term synaptic plasticity," Annu. Rev. Neurosci., vol. 12, pp. 13--31, 1989.

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R. S. Zucker and W. G. Regehr. Short--term synaptic plasticity. Annual Reviews Physiology, 64:355--405, 2002.

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R.S. Zucker. Short-term synaptic plasticity. Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 12:13-31, 1989. 51

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Zucker,R.S. 1989. Short-term synaptic plasticity. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 12, 13--31.

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