D. Hubel and T. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol., vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....vision considered in this thesis are comparable among human and non human primates, we do not di#erentiate between the two. Rather, we talk simply of the primate visual system. Many of the earliest electrophysiological results concerning the mammalian visual cortex were obtained from cats (e.g. [52]) However, most of the findings relevant for this thesis have subsequently been shown to be valid for primates as well. 17 18 LGN V1 retina Figure 3.1: The main visual pathway in primates. See main text for details. Adapted from [50] 3.2 The main visual pathway Figure 3.1 illustrates ....

....bar orientation, one can construct a mathematical model of the response of the neuron. has focused on the neurons firing rates, the number of spikes fired by the neurons within some suitably defined time window. These firing rates are thought to reflect the general level of activity of the cells [2, 52]. Thus, much of visual neuroscience has been concerned with measuring the firing rates of cells as a function of some properties of a visual stimulus. For example, an experiment might run as follows: An image is suddenly projected onto a (previously blank) screen that an animal is watching, and ....

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," Journal of Physiology, vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

.... both anatomically (structurally) and physiologically (functionally) Minicolumns of about N 110 neurons (about 220 in the visual cortex) comprise modular units vertically oriented relative to the warped and convoluted neocortical surface throughout most, if not all, regions of the neocortex [59,61,62,64,103,104]. Clusters of about 100 neurons have been deduced to be reasonable from other considerations as well [43] Since the short ranged interactions between neurons take place within 1 mm, which is the extent of a macrocolumn comprising minicolumns of N 10 neurons, and since macrocolumns ....

....of neurons, it is simply incorrect to postulate an average neuron. However, for the purpose of macroscopic brain function, when considering millions of neurons, we repeat that it is reasonable to at least respect the incredibly similar modular structure present in all regions of the neocortex [59,61,62,64,103,104], still allowing for the differentiation among the laminar structure of individual modules and among neurons active at different temporal and spatial scales. The neocortex has about 5 10 neurons distributed rather uniformly over approximately 5 10 minicolumns. The visual cortex has ....

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D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol. 160, 106-154 (1962).

....vision considered in this thesis are comparable among human and non human primates, we do not di#erentiate between the two. Rather, we talk simply of the primate visual system. Many of the earliest electrophysiological results concerning the mammalian visual cortex were obtained from cats (e.g. [52]) However, most of the findings relevant for this thesis have subsequently been shown to be valid for primates as well. 17 18 LGN V1 retina Figure 3.1: The main visual pathway in primates. See main text for details. Adapted from [50] 3.2 The main visual pathway Figure 3.1 illustrates ....

....bar orientation, one can construct a mathematical model of the response of the neuron. has focused on the neurons firing rates, the number of spikes fired by the neurons within some suitably defined time window. These firing rates are thought to reflect the general level of activity of the cells [2, 52]. Thus, much of visual neuroscience has been concerned with measuring the firing rates of cells as a function of some properties of a visual stimulus. For example, an experiment might run as follows: An image is suddenly projected onto a (previously blank) screen that an animal is watching, and ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," Journal of Physiology, vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

....sizes of receptive fields. It is well known that the biological visual pathway consists of processing cells for receptive fields at different positions and with different sizes. Since the measurement and study of the response of neural cells in early visual pathways by D.H.Hubel and T.N. Wiesel [1], more detailed studies have been made in modelling the complex cells and architecture organization. A single neuron by itself is not sufficient to code necessary information. An ensemble of cell population is needed. In their recent study, Stanley et al. reconstructed cat s retina sensory input ....

..... The filters are reordered according to its computation order, so that the dominant principal components are shown first. As can be seen from the figure, the first several filters appear similar to the receptive field excitationinhibition patterns reported by the Hubel and Wiesel s experiment [1]. Figure 5: The filters developed in the first layer by the sharing method. The order of dominance is from left to right and from top to bottom. Fig. 6 displays the first four filters in the first layer developed by the non sharing method. The filters with the same order are tiled one by one ....

D. Hubel and T. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. of Physiology 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

....reduce the loss of information caused by low resolution quantization. Some other systems have been proposed in the context of pattern recognition for images, where overcomplete transforms are used to emulate the human visual system, which has a high degree of oversampling in orientation and scale [8, 9]. Moreover, an increase in resolution due to angular oversampling in the frequency domain has been observed experimentally for quantized (two dimensional) steerable transforms [10] so that increasing the number of orientations yields a gain in energy compaction [11] Quantized overcomplete ....

D. Hubel and T. Wiesel., "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. of Physiology, vol. 160, pp. 106-154, 1962.

....of the feature extractor involves deciding what features to extract, based upon the principles outlined in the previous section. The biological visual system is known to extract a wide variety of local spatial features, such as edges, lines, and comers of various orientations, lengths and widths [12,13,29]. We chose to detect edge and comer orientations, as these are more relevant to the domain. In addition, the visual system distinguishes between bright and dark features as evidenced by the presence of on center and off center receptive fields [6,24] Hence, we chose to implement a dual channel ....

....that a dual channel system gives a small but significant improvement in classification accuracy compared to a single channel system. Convolution is then performed with a small size kernel. This is equivalent to having local receptive fields, inspired by biological analogues in the visual system [12,13,29], whereby elementary features are detected within a small subset of inputs that are topologically close . This allows the network to exploit the spatial topology of the image by detecting the same spatial features at different locations. We denote each convolution map by Qn, and let Hn denote the ....

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Hubel D.H., & Wiesel T.N. (1962). "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex". Journal of Physiology, 160, pp.106- 154.

....with localized energy measurements at the output of filter banks that compute a wavelet like transform [15] 29] Besides the algorithmic efficiency of this approach, this model is partly supported by physiological studies of the visual cortex. In the cat s visual cortex, Hubel and Wiesel [13] discovered a class of cells, called simple cells, whose response depends upon the frequency and orientation of the visual stimuli. Numerous physiological experiments [28] have shown that their response can be modeled with linear filters, whose impulse response have been measured at different ....

D. Hubel and T. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex", Journal of Physiol., vol. 160, 1962.

.... (CNN) are the networks whose connection structure is designed on the basis of the evidences from neural science that the neural connection patterns do not have to be exhaustive and in many cases localized connections are desirable and effective to represent specialized and limited scope functions ([29], 20] The locally connected neurons at a layer are then integrated together at the next layer to form higher level features. In this scheme, a unit of a network layer is connected to only a limited field of units in the previous layer, and the connection weights are replicated and shared by ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive Fields, Binocular Interaction and Functional Architecture in the Cat's Visual Cortex," J. Physiology, London, vol. 160, pp. 106-154, 1962.

....Neurophysiological research has delivered a number of interesting results which can inspire new image analysis models. It is, for instance, well known that a large amount of neurons, the so called simple cells, in the primary visual cortex of mammals react strongly to short oriented lines [1]. A more precise study has shown that the receptive field functions 1 of such neurons can be fitted well by Gabor functions [2, 3] differences of offset Gaussians or other similar functions [4] Using these results, researchers mimic the function of the primary visual cortex by computing the ....

D. Hubel and T. Wiesel: "Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex", J. Physiol.(London), 1962, vol. 160, pp. 106-154.

....are of the same spatial frequency, orientation, and location. Human vision mechanisms are sharply tuned to orientations. Orientationselectivechannels in the human visual system were revealed through both human psychophysical means [15] and physical experiments on the visual cortex of cats [50, 51] and monkeys [106, 34] Watson el. al. applied the two properties to coefficients in several differentdomains [104, 133, 134, 135] Watson s model for DCT thresholds can be summarized as follows. First, an original just noticeable change, called mask, is assumed to be the same in all blocks. ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive Fields, Binocular Interaction and Functional Architecture in the Cat's Visual Cortex," J. Physiol. (London), No. 160, pp. 106-154, 1962.

....auditory cortical neurons and the analysis of the spectral shape of the input signal using this model. 3. AUDITORY CORTICAL SPECTRAL SHAPE ANALYSIS Recent studies [6,13] have shown that spectral response fields (SRFs) of AI neurons are similar to the receptive fields of visual cortical neurons [14]. AI appears to analyze the shape of the acoustic spectrum along three organizational axes, as illustrated in Fig. 2: a tonotopic axis, as reflected by the systematic change in the best frequencies (BFs) of neurons; a symmetry axis, as reflected by the response field symmetry around the BF; and a ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architectures in cat's visual cortex.", ################, vol. 160, pp. 106-154, 1962.

....organization of sensory cortex corresponds to the mapping of modalities (e.g: auditory, visual modality) on the cortical surface. This information flow is displayed in such a way that neighbouring relationships at the level of the peripheral receptors are preserved. This corresponds to retinotopy [8], tonotopy [9] body surface representation [10] for respectively visual, auditory, somato sensory areas. Motor areas perform output toward the external world. They are close to and intricately linked with somatosensory areas [11] They display the same body representation with regard to their ....

Hubel, D. H., Wiesel, T. N. (1962) Receptive fields binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat>s visual cortex. J. Physiol. Lond., 160, p. 106-154.

....[8] 9] 10] 11] which can be considered as the first realization of convolutional networks has been introduced by Fukuskima. In the Neocognitron model for the first time receptive fields are used extensively, which have been discovered in the cat s visual cortex by Hubel and Wiesel [12], 13] Fukushima applied the Neocognitron primarily to handwritten digit recognition. Later variants of convolutional networks have been applied for example to large scale zip code recognition and face recognition [16] 4] Within a convolutional architecture there are several possibilities to ....

D.H. Hubel, T.N. Wiesel, "Receptive Fields, Binocular Interaction and Functional Architecture in the Cat's Visual Cortex", J. Physiology, vol. 160, pp. 106-154, 1962

.... This retina is divided into four quarters, each of them holding four geometric feature detectors, which detect, respectively, extremities, angles, curves and T junctions (cf. figure 10) and can be considered as combinations of elementary border detectors, such as those that exist in the cortex (Hubel Wiesel 1962). Depending on the character shown to the retina and its location, some of the detectors are activated (cf. figure 11) There are eight different actions, four related to the displacement of the retina in each of the four possible directions (one twenty th of the retina border length at each ....

Hubel, D. H. & Wiesel, T. N. (1962), `Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex', Journal of Physiology 160, 106--154.

....[20] About 4 of the cells in V1 and 1. 6 of the cells in V2 can be characterized as grating cells and it is estimated that about 4 million grating cells in V1 subserve the central 4 of vision [20] Similarly to other orientation selective neurons, such as simple, complex, and hyper complex cells [21] [23] grating cells respond vigorously to a grating of bars of appropriate orientation, position, and periodicity. In contrast to other orientation selective cells, grating cells respond very weakly or do not respond at all to single bars, this means, bars which are isolated and do not make part ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol., vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

....it alters the existing 1 JPEG coding system. The experimental results reported in [10] gave an average improvement of 0.63 dB in the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) which is better than those achieved by most of the traditional filtering approaches. Motivated by the biological visual system [11] [13] we develop a generic postprocessing technique based on an artificial neural network visual model (NNVM) This NNVM consists of a visual feature extractor to extract edge information from the decoded image, and a onehidden layer neural network to estimate the coding distortions using the ....

....Reducing these distortions can significantly improve quality of reproduced images. We turn to biological visual systems for inspiration. It is known that feature detectors in visual cortex, called simple, complex and hypercomplex cells, respond to edges patterns of an image at different scales [11] [13] Simple cells have rectangular receptive fields and respond to bars or edges with specific orientations. By combining the responses of a number of simple cells, a 2 complex cell generates its response over a larger receptive field. The effective stimuli for complex cells are still bars and ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiology, Vol.160, pp.106--154, 1962.

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D. Hubel and T. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol., vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol., no. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol. (London) 160, 106--154 (1962).

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D.H. Hubel ,and T.N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex", Journal of Physiology (London), 195, 215, 1962.

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," Journal of Physiology (London), vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol., vol. 160, pp. 106--154, 1962.

No context found.

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel, "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex," J. Physiol. 160, 106-154 (1962).

No context found.

Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N., "Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex", J Physiol, vol. 160 pp. 106-154, 1962.

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Hubel D. H. and Wiesel T. N. "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex." J. Physiol. 160. 106-154. 1962 35

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