Diller, A. (1994) Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, second edition.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....Figure 1: Summary of Z notation in the Agent Framework. 8 Environment Objects Agents Autonomous Agents Figure 2: The Agent Hierarchy to be used is given in Figure 1. For a more complete treatment of the Z language, the interested reader is referred to one of the numerous texts, such as [54, 61, 53]. Details of the formal semantics of Z are given in [56] We will not consider such issues further in this paper. 4 An Agent Framework As discussed in some detail above, there exist many diverse notions of agency, and there is a distinct lack of consensus over the meaning of the term. This is ....

Diller, A. (1994) Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, second edition.

....dual aims of precise standards and rigorous system development, formal methods are certain to play a key role in Open Distributed Processing. The area of formal methods for ODP has recently attracted a great deal of research and a number of techniques have been proposed, including LOTOS [5] Z [10] and various object based or objectoriented extensions to these languages [7, 9] With the diverse requirements of ODP (both across the viewpoints and across the range of application domains) it is now becoming clear that no single language will meet the requirements of ODP. Attention is ....

Diller, A. "Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods." New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1990.

....output from each individual operation, the user interface is usually left undefined in Z specifications, not being regarded as a functional requirement of a system. Although a method of specifying and implementing simple front ends for programs written from Z specifications has been proposed by Diller (1994, 1990) here we omit the specification stage and progress straight from a loose set of operation functions to a simple character based top level interface written in Haskell. A skeleton for the front end is included with the Z into Haskell tool kit, in the Main module. Working from the top ....

....but a generator list must be provided. A suitable generator list can be chosen by inspecting the type and the predicate (X and p x in the above) If the type is a numeric one, the reader is directed to the translations of types as values given in section 3.5.5. 3.4. 2 Lambda expressions As Diller (1994, page 95) stresses, the notation of Z (Spivey, 1992a, page 58) should not be confused with the calculus, as a function in Z is merely a set of pairs. However, when translating Z to Haskell, a function can be either a computation (of type X Y for some types X and Y) or a set of pairs (of type ....

Diller, A. (1994). Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods (2nd edition). John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.

....also allows us to regard this csp as a sequencing problem, since there are four variables, four values for each variable and each variable must take on a different value. In this case we 1 We use the Z formulation of Jx1 ; xnK to denote a bag, or multi set, of objects x1 ; xn (Diller, 1990). have a single subset of variables Z 1 = fA; B; C; Dg for which we want to assign a sequence of the values D 1 = J1; 2; 3; 4K, which we represent by the constraint sequence(fA; B; C; Dg; J1; 2; 3; 4K ) Note that this sequence constraint replaces the alldifferent constraint. The number of ....

Diller, A. (1990). Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. Chichester: Wiley.

....performs some action. When specifying a system it is important to know what the formal properties of system components are. Assertions can be used as a mechanism for expressing these properties. Assertions form a large part of specifying systems in formal specification languages such as Z (Diller 1991) and Object Z (Duke et al. 1991) They are also appearing as part of the language definition in a number of programming languages such as Eiffel (Meyer 1992) and Sather (Omohundro 1993) However, they are generally restricted to class operations. The MON notation extends assertions so that they ....

Diller, A. (1991). Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. John Willey & Sons.

....analysis in obtaining coherent, complete, correct, and unambiguous specifications. We now shortly survey Z and the tools that a specifier can use to improve confidence in his requirements document. 2. 1 The Z Notation Z is a formal specification language based on set theory and first order logic [Diller, 1990, Spivey, 1992] A Z specification includes a set of entities, called schemas representing either abstract states of a system being specified or operations on them. The specification outlines an abstract model defined by means of typed entities and their related operations, expressed through a ....

....at least one solution. To overcome these difficulties we can somewhat restrict the Z notation to be used in our speci fication document, in order to have a subset of the language almost directly executable or compilable [Valentine, 1995, Doma Nicholl, 1991] This is the procedural method [Diller, 1990], which typically also defines a style and an order in which Z constructs must be used. In fact, the specification must be written bearing in mind a successive animation, such that it is possible to have a straightforward translation into procedures of the target language. The restriction imposed ....

Diller, A. (1990). Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. Wiley.

....case we have four variables Z = fA; B; C; Dg, each with a domain D i = f1; 2; 3; 4g. This would give us 4 4 = 256 possible complete assigments of values to variables. The alldifferent 1 We use the Z formulation of Jx1 ; xnK to denote a bag, or multi set, of objects x1 ; xn (Diller, 1990). constraint in this csp signifies that no two variables may take the same value. This constraint can be represented using binary or general constraints. However the alldifferent constraint also allows us to regard this csp as a sequencing problem, since there are four variables, four values for ....

Diller, A. (1990). Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. Chichester: Wiley.

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Antoni Diller (1990), Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

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