L. Briand, W. Melo, P. Devanbu, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 1997, Boston, USA.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....out that maintainability is better for systems with broader trees, i.e. shallower inheritance trees. Briand et al. defined 18 coupling measures between classes and studied their significance in predicting fault proneness in several industrial systems on which they had gathered maintenance data [4]. They were able to conclude that some of the coupling metrics were significant predictors of faultproneness. Less work has been conducted on the matter of change impact. Han developed an approach for computing the change impact on design and implementation documents [10] Artifact dependencies ....

L. C. Briand, P. Devanbu and W. Melo. An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++. In ICSE97, Boston, MA, pages 412-421, 1997.

.... Special metrics for O O systems have also been investigated, for example the works of Chen and Lu [9] Kim et al. 12] and Li and Henry [15] There are numerous proposals addressing the assessment of the traditional properties into O O systems; for example the works of Poulin [19] Briand et al. [7], Price and Demurjian [20] Benlarbi [5] But less work has been done in the field of the specific O O properties; see for example the works of Moore [16] Bansiya ( 2] 3] 4] Benlarbi and Melo [6] Abreu and Carapua [1] and Zuse [26] An additional problem is that many of the currently ....

Briand, L. Devanbu P.and Melo, W., An investigation into coupling measures for C++. In International Conference of Software Engineering (ICSE'97), Boston, US, May 1997.

.... of architecture on maintainability and found that maintainability is better for systems with broader trees, i.e. shallower inheritance trees [11] Briand et al. defined 18 coupling measures between classes and found that some of the coupling metrics were significant predictors of fault proneness [3]. In summary, several design metrics, in particular the C K metrics suite, can be considered as good predictors of some aspects of maintenance, yet changeability is not one of the aspects considered. In our research, we adopted the C K metrics as candidates for changeability indicators. They are ....

L. C. Briand, P. Devanbu and W. Melo. An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE'97), Boston, MA, pages 412-421, May 1997.

.... and coupling measures for object based systems based on interactions between declarations (Briand, Morasca and Basili, 1993) In related work, Briand et al. develop a framework for developing and analyzing both cohesion and coupling in object oriented systems (Briand, Daly and Wust, 1997 and 1978; Briand, Devanbu and Melo, 1997). 8.2. Software Restructuring Slicing and Restructuring. The restructuring method of Kim, Kwon, and Chung (1994) makes use of a notion of module strength (cohesion) They define processing blocks which are similar to the data slices of Bieman and Ott (1994) A processing block is a group of ....

Briand, L.; Devanbu, P. and Melo, W. (1997) `An investigation into coupling measures for C++', in Proceedings 19th International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos CA, pp. 412--421.

....in a class, depending on the obtained measurement values of the design measures for that class. This should be a good indicator of the class fault proneness. 2. 4 Independent Variables The set of design measures investigated in this study includes a subset of the coupling measures described in [3] [5] a set of measures related to polymorphism [1] a subset of the OO measurement suite of Chidamber and Kemerer [8] and some simple size measures based on counts of the methods and attributes. The Appendix contains a summary of the measures we used, as collected by Jmetrics. Some of the ....

L. Briand, W. Melo, P. Devanbu, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 1997, Boston, USA.

....not follow universal laws and quality models must be developed locally, wherever needed. Keywords Metrics, measurement, empirical validation, coupling, cohesion, inheritance, object oriented. 1 Introduction A large number of object oriented (OO) measures have been proposed in the literature ([5], 11] 13] 14] 19] 22] 24] 25] 26] 27] A particular emphasis has been given to the measurement of design artifacts, in order to help assess quality early on during the development process. Such measures are aimed at providing ways of assessing the quality of software, for ....

....done very fast, at a low cost, with little human involvement. But how do we know what measures actually capture important quality aspects Many of the measures proposed and their relationships to external quality attributes of OO designs, have been the focus of little empirical investigation ( 1] [5], 6] 15] 17] 24] It is therefore difficult to assess whether these measures capture complementary dimensions or are indicators of any relevant external quality attributes such as reliability or maintainability. In this context, it is interesting to note that the new ISO IEC international ....

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L. Briand, P. Devanbu, W. Melo, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", Proceedings of ICSE `97, Boston, USA, 1997.

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Briand, L., Devanbu, P., Melo, W., 1997b. An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++. Technical Report ISERN-96-08, Proceedings of ICSE `97, Boston, USA.

....in a class, depending on the obtained measurement values of the design measures for that class. This should be a good indicator of the class fault proneness. 2. 4 Independent Variables The set of design measures investigated in this study includes a subset of the coupling measures described in [3] [5] a set of measures related to polymorphism [1] a subset of the OO measurement suite of Chidamber and Kemerer [8] and some simple size measures based on counts of the methods and attributes. The Appendix contains a summary of the measures we used, as collected by Jmetrics. Some of the ....

L. Briand, W. Melo, P. Devanbu, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 1997, Boston, USA.

....potentially faulty classes in future applications or future releases. The usage of design metrics allows the organization to take mitigating actions early and consequently avoid costly rework. A considerable number of object oriented metrics have been constructed in the past, for example, 6][10][19] 48] 47] 18] 15] 38] 66] There have also been empirical studies validating various subsets of these metrics and constructing prediction models that utilize them, such as [2] 18] 1] 10] 12] 14] 47] 20] 36] 54] 66] 6] 16] 7] 53] However, most of these studies did not focus exclusively on ....

....rework. A considerable number of object oriented metrics have been constructed in the past, for example, 6] 10] 19] 48] 47] 18] 15] 38] 66] There have also been empirical studies validating various subsets of these metrics and constructing prediction models that utilize them, such as [2] 18] 1][10][12] 14] 47] 20] 36] 54] 66] 6] 16] 7] 53] However, most of these studies did not focus exclusively on metrics that can be collected during the design stage. In this paper we report on a study that was performed to construct a model to predict which classes in a future release of a commercial ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, and W. Melo: "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++". In Proceedings of the 19 th International Conference on Software Engineering, 1997.

....there is no systematic way to look at a related part of the AST; in general, such non local accesses must be done using standard stack or global variables. However, in practice, the compromises made in this interface have not proven a barrier to users; a range of applications have been reported [2, 4, 5, 31, 21, 15, 18] 5 Future Work: retargetable debuggers Our current research is focused on a di#erent task: debugging programs. Specifically, we are interested in debugging domain specific languages. We briefly describe this research before concluding the paper. The software industry is under great pressure to ....

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, and W. Melo. An investigation into coupling measures for c++. In Proceedings, Nineteenth International Conference on Software Engineering. IEEE Press, 1997.

....c has a method with a parameter of type class d. MM: There is a Method Method interaction between classes c and d, if c invokes a method of d, or if a method of class d is passed as parameter (function pointer) to a method of class c. The last two letters IC stand for import coupling. [1] Table 1: Coupling measures ISERN 99 03 3 the FAST parser technology of the SEMA group s Concerto2 AUDIT tools [8] was used to compute coupling between all pairs of classes, using a variety of coupling measures described in the next section. This measurement was performed on the most recent ....

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, W. Melo, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", Proceedings of ICSE `97, Boston, USA, 1997.

....from the literature. The approach is offered as a starting point for the discussion of practical measure definition by both the academic and industrial software engineering communities. The approach results from experience and has been validated through realistic examples and field studies [BMB93, BBH93, BMB94, BDM97, BWIL98]. Our future work encompasses a more detailed study and validation of each of the steps involved in the measure definition approach. We have already proposed definitions for the measurement concepts normally encountered in software engineering, such as complexity, size, coupling, and cohesion. ....

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, W. Melo, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++",in Proc. Proc. 19th Int. Conf. on Software Engineering, Boston, USA, 1997.

....of fault proneness. Keywords: coupling, cohesion, inheritance, object oriented, metrics, measurement, empirical validation 1. 0 Introduction Many measures have been proposed in the literature to capture the structural quality of object oriented (OO) code and design [CK91, CK94, LH93, LLWW95, BDM97, Hen96, HM95, BK95, LC94, LK94, TSM92] Such measures are aimed at providing ways of assessing the quality of software, for example, in the context of large scale software acquisition [MC96] Such an assessment of design quality is objective, and the measurement can be automated. Once the ....

....theories about what constitutes good OO design, only empirical studies of actual systems structure and quality can provide tangible answers. Unfortunately, only a few studies have so far investigated the actual impact of these measures on quality attributes such as faultproneness, e.g. BBM96, BDM97, CDK96, CS97, LH93] In this paper, we empirically investigate most of the measures proposed in the literature to date, which capture structural aspects of OO designs. As far as we know, this is the first time such a comprehensive investigation is attempted. Based on data collected in a ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, W. Melo, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", Technical Report ISERN-96-08, Proceedings of ICSE `97, Boston, USA, May 1997.

....coupling: object level coupling and class level coupling which are determined by the state of an object and the state of an object s implementation respectively [HM95] Again different strengths of coupling are proposed. And third, Briand et al. constitute coupling as interactions between classes [BDM96]. The strength of the coupling is deter ISERN 96 14 3 mined by the type of the interaction, the relationship between the classes, and the interaction s locus of impact. As none of the frameworks have been used to characterise existing measures to the different dimensions of coupling ....

....In Section 4.3, a survey and review (which includes theoretical validation) of existing coupling measures takes place. 4. 1 Existing frameworks for coupling Frameworks for coupling in object oriented systems have been proposed by Eder et al. EKS94] Hitz and Montazeri [HM95] and Briand et al. [BDM96]. In each framework different types of class, method, and object coupling are identified. 4.1.1 Framework by Eder et al. EKS94] Eder et al. use the definition of coupling provided by Stevens et al. SMC74] The authors identify the following types of relationships: Interaction relationships ....

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L. Briand, P. Devanbu, W. Melo, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", Technical Report ISERN 96-08, IEEE ICSE `97, Boston, USA, (to be published) May 1997.

....not follow universal laws and quality models must be developed locally, wherever needed. Keywords Metrics, measurement, empirical validation, coupling, cohesion, inheritance, object oriented. 1 Introduction A large number of object oriented (OO) measures have been proposed in the literature ([4], 9] 11] 12] 18] 20] 22] 23] 24] 25] A particular emphasis has been given to the measurement of design artifacts, in order to help assess quality early on during the development process. Such measures are aimed at providing ways of assessing the quality of software, for example, ....

....are in place, the assessment of large software systems can be thus done very fast, at a low cost, with little human involvement. However, many of the measures proposed and their relationships to external quality attributes of OO designs, have been the focus of little empirical investigation ( 1] [4], 5] 13] 15] 22] It is therefore difficult to assess whether these measures capture complementary dimensions or are indicators of any relevant external quality attributes such as reliability or maintainability. In this context, it is interesting to note that the new ISO IEC international ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, W. Melo, "An Investigation into Coupling Measures for C++", Proceedings of ICSE `97, Boston, USA, 1997. ISERN-98-29 29

No context found.

L. Briand, P. Devanbu, and W. Melo. An investigation into coupling measures for C++. In Proceededing of the IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, May 1997.

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