| L. R. Ebinger and A. M. Goulete. Noninteractive automated names placement for the 1990 decennial census. Cartography and Geographic Informaton Systems, 17(1):69--78, January 1990. |
.... Marks and Shieber present a comprehensive survey of algorithms for the labeling problem [3] Significant progress has been made in solving the Node (point) Label Placement (NLP) problem which consists of labeling points in the plane so that no labels overlap points or other labels (see [1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 18, 20]) However, the Edge Label Placement (ELP) problem remains essentially unsolved [14, 20] It is worth noting that both the NLP [8, 13, 15] and ELP [12] problems are NP Hard. Research supported in part by NIST, Advanced Technology Program grant number 70NANB5H1162. A patent on these and ....
L. R. Ebinger and A. M. Goulete. Noninteractive automated names placement for the 1990 decennial census. Cartography and Geographic Informaton Systems, 17(1):69--78, January 1990.
....proven independently by three different groups [6, 11, 13] that the NLP problem is NP Complete even in its simplest form. Even though much effort has been placed in solving the NLP problem, the ELP problem has received little attention [14, 16] Many heuristics devised to solve the ELP problem [1, 4, 5, 7, 8], are based on exhaustive search algorithms with backtracking. These algorithms do not produce the desirable results, due to the tendency of those methods to get trapped in local optima. They also take exponential time. Definitely in geographical maps, the labeling of lines (ELP problem) is less ....
Ebinger, L. R. and A. M. Goulete, Noninteractive automated names placement for the 1990 decennial census. Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, 17(1), pp. 69-78, January, 1990.
....these techniques to drawings of graphs, and we present very encouraging experimental results. 1 Introduction Traditionally, the labeling problem has been central in the framework of automated cartography. Progress has been made towards automating the label placement process in map production [1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 23]. Today, due to the significant growth in the area of information visualization the labeling problem may be seen through a wider scope. Labels are textual descriptions, and thus another means to convey information or clarify the meaning of complex structures. The problem of automatic label ....
L. R. Ebinger and A. M. Goulete. Noninteractive automated names placement for the 1990 decennial census. Cartography and Geographic Informaton Systems, 17(1):69--78, January 1990.
.... Marks and Shieber present a comprehensive survey of algorithms for the labeling problem [3] Significant progress has been made in solving the Node (point) Label Placement (NLP) problem which consists of labeling points in the plane so that no labels overlap points or other labels (see [1, 3, 6, 8, 9, 18, 20]) However, the Edge Label Placement (ELP) problem remains essentially unsolved [14, 20] It is worth noting that both the NLP [8, 12, 15] and ELP [11] problems are NP Hard. Research supported in part by NIST, Advanced Technology Program grant number 70NANB5H1162. A patent on these and ....
L. R. Ebinger and A. M. Goulete. Noninteractive automated names placement for the 1990 decennial census. Cartography and Geographic Informaton Systems, 17(1):69--78, January 1990.
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