W.E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12:997--1004, October 1986.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....speci cation containing mixed variable types, i.e. integers, booleans, and enumerated types. In our approach, each test sequence is a sequence of system inputs and their associated outputs [19] The requirements speci cation is used both to generate a valid sequence of inputs and as an oracle [17] that determines the set of outputs associated with each input. To obtain a valid sequence of inputs, the input sequence is constrained to satisfy the input model (i.e. assumptions about the inputs) that is part of the requirements speci cation. Our method for generating test sequences covers ....

W. E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Trans. on Softw. Eng., 15:997-1005, October 1986.

....strategy is impractical since the number of TFG paths is, in general, infinite. In this section, we describe a practical algorithm for checking the execution behavior represented by the TFG against the intended behavior represented by the PA. State propagation analysis is not new. Howden [40] and later Olender and Osterweil [61] developed state propagation algorithms for checking a regular property of a sequential program modeled as a finite state automaton; our work builds on the results of Olender and Osterweil. In this section, we explain how state propagation works, we then extend ....

Howden, W.E. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12:997--1004, October 1986.

....can encode additional data and control information. Examples of patterns of behavior include classic compiler optimization analyses such as reaching definitions, live variables, available expressions, and constant propagation [ASU85] and analyses that support validation and verification [FO76, How86, OO92] Data flow frameworks [Hec77, MR90] are one means of formulating a specific flow analysis. For the broad class of problems with monotone bounded frameworks, convergence of the fix point computation is guaranteed by use of general iterative solution algorithms [Hec77] We use a bounded ....

....state propagation analysis is the mechanism used for performing this comparison. In this section, we describe a practical algorithm for checking the execution behavior represented by the TFG against the intended behavior represented by the PA. State propagation analysis is not new. Howden [How86] and later Olender and Osterweil [OO92] developed state propagation algorithms for checking a regular property of a sequential program modeled as a finite state automaton; our work builds on the results of Olender and Osterweil. In this section, we explain how state propagation works, we then ....

W.E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12:997--1004, October 1986.

....testing are test data selection and test oracle derivation. Richardson [23] includes a useful introduction to this area. An early paper by Goodenough and Gerhart [13] describes a decision table approach to test case design. Later work in test data selection include Weyuker Ostrand [31] Howden [14], and Richardson Clarke [26] Poston [22] provides a recent tutorial on specification based testing techniques, with particular emphasis on test case selection. A test oracle is a means by which we verify whether a test result is satisfactory. Gannon et.al. discuss the testing of abstract data ....

W. E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 12(10):997--1005, October 1986.

....from a specification. The TTF is used to derive tests for a simple file read operation. Two different approaches to test derivation are examined; two test suites are derived. The first approach uses a simple combination of equivalence partitioning and boundary analysis (functional testing [How86]) The second approach uses domain testing [WC80, CHR82] 3.1 Z Specification This Z specification is a simplified specification of a read operation on files based on the specification of the UNIX read operation in [Hay87] BYTE ] ReadStatus : ok j file empty j file too short MaxFileSize : fl ....

William E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 12(10):997--1005, October 1986.

....it does not, for instance, include other analysis activities or maintenance. 2 Functional testing has been given two distinct interpretations over the years. First, it referred to testing guidelines based on requirements [Mye79] Howden gave it another meaning in his functional testing [How86] Requirements Analysis Architectural Design Algorithm Design Implementation Transformation Testing Execution Against Oracle Systems Requirements Module Interface Specifications Module Design Specification Module Implementation User Selection Spec Based Test Case Selection Design Based Test ....

.... a partition by overlaying an implementation based partition and a specification based partition [RC81, RC85a] Howden s functional testing employs specification and design information for functional decomposition and applies guidelines for different functional classes to select test cases [How86] Bouge, Chouquet, Fribourg, Gaudel and Marre present an approach for selecting descriptions of monotonically increasing collections of test sets for abstract data types from algebraic specifications [BCFG86, GM88] Gopal and Budd propose a test adequacy technique based on mutation of a predicate ....

William E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12(10):997--1005, October 1986.

....Developing reliable and fault tolerant software is difficult and requires discipline both in specifying system functionality and in implementing systems correctly. Approaches for developing highly reliable software include the use of formal methods [11, 14, 9] and rigorous testing methods [2, 7, 13]. Testing cannot guarantee that software is correct [17] and verification requires enormous human effort and is subject to errors [6] Automated support is necessary to help ensure software correctness and fault tolerance. Fault injection has been proposed for use in mutation testing primarily ....

W. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Trans. Software Engineering, SE12 (10):997--1005, October 1986.

.... to applying fault based techniques for unit testing at the specification level (mutation testing) it would be interesting to bring fault based techniques for interface testing to the specification level, such as Howden s work on functional testing, which discusses fault models of interfaces [How86a, How86b]. 8.2.1 Further applications We saw in chapter 7 that the framework has many applications beyond software test definition and derivation. Here, we outline some ideas for some interesting CHAPTER 8. DISCUSSION 140 applications and extensions that we have not examined in detail. Debugging There ....

W. E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 12(10):997--1005, October 1986.

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W.E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12:997--1004, October 1986.

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W.E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12:997--1004, October 1986.

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W. E. Howden, `A functional approach to program testing and analysis', IEEE Trans. Software Engineering, SE-12, (10), 997--1005 (1986).

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W. E. Howden. A functional approach to program testing and analysis. IEEE Trans. on Softw. Eng., 15:997-1005, October 1986.

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William E. Howden. A Functional Approach to Program Testing and Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 12(10):997--1005, October 1986.

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