Maynard Smith, J., & Harper, D. G. C. (1995). Animal signals: Models and terminology. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 177, 305--311.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....as points on the positive vertical axis, i.e. where PS = 0 and PR 0. Conflicts of interest can be defined as interactions in which natural selection favours different outcomes for each participant (Trivers, 1974) or in which participants place the possible outcomes in a different rank order (Maynard Smith Harper, 1995). Conflicts of interest therefore exist when PS and PR are of opposite sign, i.e. in the upper left and lower right quadrants. Selection will, by definition, favour actions that have positive fitness effects. In the upper left and lower right quadrants, one animal but not the other will be ....

Maynard Smith, J., & Harper, D. G. C. (1995). Animal signals: Models and terminology. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 177, 305--311.

....as points on the positive vertical axis, i.e. where PS = 0 and PR 0. Conflicts of interest can be defined as interactions in which natural selection favours different outcomes for each participant (Trivers, 1974) or in which participants place the possible outcomes in a different rank order (Maynard Smith Harper, 1995). Conflicts of interest therefore exist when PS and PR are of opposite sign, i.e. in the upper left and lower right quadrants. Selection will, by definition, favour actions that have positive fitness effects. In the upper left and lowerright quadrants, one agent 2 but not the other will be ....

....in the cooperative payoff region, assuming signalling had a positive cost, would involve a conflict of interests this would in turn mean that all of the signalling observed in the simulation models evolved despite a conflict of interests. The problem is perhaps that Trivers s (1974) and Maynard Smith and Harper s (1995) definitions are not specific enough about just what constitutes an outcome of the signalling game. The simpler definition of conflicting interests, as used in the body of the paper, is useful in isolating the cooperative region of payoff space as the place to expect signalling. It is not yet ....

Maynard Smith, J., & Harper, D. G. C. (1995). Animal signals: Models and terminology. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 177, 305--311.

....application of their favorite theory. However, to claim that the honest conveyance of threat or submission is stabilized by handicap costs is to risk confusing physical constraints on evolution with strategic ones. These two sorts of claim have been separated within the signaling literature (e.g. Maynard Smith Harper, 1995) and deserve separate consideration. If the Zahavis claim is that no creature can make a noise without revealing something of the state of its musculature then there is simply no room for dishonesty within this system. Talk of handicaps adds nothing to the notion that a certain cue simply cannot ....

Maynard Smith, J., & Harper, D. G. C. (1995). Animal Signals: Models and Terminology. J. Theor. Biol., 177, 305--311.

....exchange of information. 1 Introduction The study of communication from an evolutionary perspective has received much attention lately. However, the view of communication traditionally advanced is far from theoretically unified and it is subject to much discussion and potential confusion, see [17]) I claim that this confusion is rooted in the way communication has been defined, partially as a consequence of using as primitives the same phenomena to be explained, for instance, terms like signal , information , reference , etc. Two preconceptions in particular are disclosed and ....

.... some group of which it is a member [6, 12] Maynard Smith and Harper define a signal as an action or structure that increases the fitness of an individual by altering the behaviours of other organisms detecting it, and that has characteristics that have evolved because they have that effect [17]. In these definitions communication is characterized in the same terms which are used to explain it, which is not only confusing, but methodologically very questionable as descriptions of phenomena and descriptions of the generative mechanism that give rise to such phenomena (explanations) belong ....

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J. Maynard-Smith and D. G. C. Harper. Animal signals: models and terminology. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 177:305--311, 1995.

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Maynard Smith, J., & Harper, D. G. C. (1995). Animal signals: Models and terminology. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 177, 305--311.

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