K. A. Williams, T. Q. Dam, and D. H.-C. Du. A media-access protocol for time- and wavelength-division multiplexed passive star networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 11(4):560--567, May 1993.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....of 256, a network of 64K nodes could be constructed with a maximum of one intermediate routing step. Compared to networks with point to point connections, the WMCH uses fewer transmitters and receivers and requires far fewer message routing steps. ffl A Bus Mesh architecture is described in [57] for a two dimensional array of nodes. Each bus connects the transmitters from a row of nodes to the receivers of a column of nodes. There are no nodes at the diagonal locations of the mesh. Each row of nodes transmits at a unique wavelength and each column receives at a unique wavelength. This ....

K. A. Williams, T. Q. Dam, and D. H.-C. Du. A media-access protocol for time- and wavelength-division multiplexed passive star networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 11(4):560--567, May 1993.

.... carried by the same optical link, provided that the transmitters use different wavelengths [Bra90, Ram93] A physical star topology is often suggested for implementing an optical network in which optical fibers are interconnected via an optical star coupler; see, e.g. GK91, SGK91, Meh90, HKS90, WDD93, GMC 95] Each processor in a pos based network consists of a receiver, a transmitter, and a processing element with a memory unit (Fig. 1) The transmitters and receivers may tune to any one of a range of wavelengths. All the receivers and transmitters are connected by optical fibers to a ....

....virtual parallelism or self simulation. For example, the well known Brent principle (in the constructive, local sense) guarantees virtual parallelism for shared memory models such as the pram. Several researchers have suggested virtual embeddings for the pos [BFG90, CG90, Goo89, HK88, LA90, WDD93, WD91] Most of that work considers the emulation of a restricted set of topologies by the pos. To our knowledge, general efficient self simulation for pos machines was not previously achieved. In this work we consider self simulations of a balanced kn processor pos on a balanced n processor ....

K. A. Williams, T. Q. Dam, and D. H. C. Du. A media-access protocol for time- and wavelength-division multiplexed passive star networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 11(4):560--567, 1993. 15

....such communication protocols are to maximize the throughput and to minimize the delay. The characteristics of these protocols are heavily influenced by the span of the network they are designed for. In the past few years, several of these protocols have been proposed for Local Area Networks (LANs) [1,3 6,13,15,17,18,24,26]. The designer of this type of protocols has a number of variables to consider. Some of the most important factors, and their effects on the overall design and performance of the protocol are detailed in what follows: Medium Sharing Scheme. Broadly speaking, at one side of the spectrum we find ....

....if every station in the network is fit with a number of tunable receivers that equals the number of available data channels. The hardware architecture of the network assumed for our protocol is based on a central passive star coupler. This is the most frequently used architecture for optical LANs [1,3 6,13,15,17,18,24,26]. This can be attributed to attractive features such as simple passive broadcasting, single stage control, data rate independence [14,16] flexibility, reliability, and optical power budget advantage over other schemes [10] Note that our protocol can also be realized on a bus topology. The ....

K.A. Williams, T.Q. Dam, D.H.-C. Du "A Media-Access Protocols for Time- and Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks," IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Comm., Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 560--567, May 1993.

.... transmissions may be carried by the same optical link, provided that the transmitters use different wavelengths [Bra90, Ram93] is often suggested for implementing an optical network in which optical fibers are interconnected via an optical star coupler, see, e.g. GK91, SGK91, Meh90, HKS90, WDD93, GMC 95] Each processor in a pos based network consists of a receiver, a transmitter and a processing element with a memory unit (Fig. 1) The transmitters and receivers may tune to one of a range of wavelengths (or, frequencies) All the receivers and transmitters are connected by optical ....

....parallelism or self simulation. For example, the well known Brent principle (in the constructive, local sense) guarantees certain virtual parallelism for shared memory models such as the pram. Several researchers have suggested virtual embedding for the pos [BFG90, CG90, Goo89, HK88, LA90, WDD93, WD91] Most of that work considers the emulation of a restricted set of topologies by the pos. As far that we know, general efficient self simulation for pos machines was not previously achieved. In this work we consider the pos self simulation problem of a kn processor machine by an n ....

K. A. Williams, T. Q. Dam, and D. H. C. Du. A media-access protocol for time- and wavelength-division multiplexed passive star networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas

....a maximal sized packet for any node. The time slots are arranged into repeating cycles. In each cycle, a node gets to transmit a fixed number of times (usually once) on a a preassigned wavelength and time slot. This results in Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed (TWDM) media access protocols [6, 10, 7]. Since the assignment of users transmit and receive wavelengths is fixed, there is no pre transmission co ordination required. A packet may, however, need to make several hops to reach its destination. This will require routing through intermediate nodes, each repeating the packet on a new ....

....networks multihop networks [1] The assignment of transmit and receive wavelengths to each node s transmitter and receiver results in a virtual topology on top of the physical topology. In the past, several virtual topologies have been proposed for multihop networks for optical stars and busses [19, 7, 10]. The Shuffle net is one such popular topology [10] Shuffle net and other regular virtual topologies have the benefits of simplistic routing and scalability and are well studied under the class of interconnection networks for multiprocessor architectures [11] In addition, regular topologies like ....

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Dam T.Q., Williams K.A., Du D.H.C., "A Media-Access Protocol for Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks", Technical Report 91-63, Computer Science Dept., University of Minnesota.

....in order to provide connectivity between a large number of nodes when the number of wavelengths alone was insufficient. For example, in [18] a complete interconnection topology was suggested and in [52] an interconnection topology based on the shuffle exchange was used. Recently we have proposed [20] a TWDM scheme which is based on a bus mesh topology. It has been shown in [20] that a bus mesh based TWDM has better performance than those based on either a complete graph or a shuffle exchange network. However, in these studies only network communication performance is measured. That is, we ....

....of wavelengths alone was insufficient. For example, in [18] a complete interconnection topology was suggested and in [52] an interconnection topology based on the shuffle exchange was used. Recently we have proposed [20] a TWDM scheme which is based on a bus mesh topology. It has been shown in [20] that a bus mesh based TWDM has better performance than those based on either a complete graph or a shuffle exchange network. However, in these studies only network communication performance is measured. That is, we assume that each node may send packets to any other node or set of nodes at any ....

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Dam, T., Williams, K., and Du, D., "A Media-Access Protocol for Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks", University of Minnesota Technical Report, December 1991.

....protocol is employed for those transmitters sharing the same wavelength. The protocol is to divide a wavelength into several subchannels either by means of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique which allows several transmitters to share the same wavelength along the time domain [7, 8] or by means of a subcarrier multiplexing technique where each transmitter uses a specific subcarrier frequency within a wavelength to transmit [9, 10] In this paper, we focus on the one employing the TDM protocol. We refer such networks as Wavelength and Time Division Multiplexing (WTDM) ....

....in each station. However, no formal description on wavelength assignment was given. How the design parameters (e.g. the topology of the connection graphs, the signal propagation delay, T and R) affect performance (e.g. throughput and the average packet delay) was not fully discussed. Bus Mesh[7] presents WTDM networks (T = R = 1) in a different approach where the Bus concept is used to present the broadcast feature in WTDM networks and a diameter of 2 is guaranteed. Receiving graph[8] further provides a model which is general enough to depict any WTDM networks (T = R = 1) The model ....

T. Q. Dam, K.A. Williams, and D.H.C. Du, "A Media-Access Protocol for Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks," to appear in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

....of the sending station. This allows many concurrent transmissions, one on each different wavelength, to be performed simultaneously. A physical star topology is frequently suggested for implementing an optical network in which optical fibers are interconnected via an optical passive star coupler [18][13] 17] 16] 15] Figure 1 shows N stations connected via an optical passive star. Every transmitter broadcasts its signal to all the receivers with a splitting loss equal to 1=N introduced by the passive star coupler. As several different wavelength signals are broadcast simultaneously, a ....

.... resrv ALOHA 2N 1 fixed, 1 tunable 1 fixed, 1 tunable DT WDMA[14] Slotted ALOHA N 2 fixed 1 fixed, 1 tunable Swift[11] WTDM 2 1 tunable 2 tunable Perfect Shuffle[1] WDM pN p fixed p fixed de Bruijn[24] WDM pN p fixed p fixed (p; k) ShuffleNet[9] WTDM N=p 1 fixed 1fixed Bus Mesh[18] WTDM p N 1 fixed 1 fixed Table 1: Requirements for the previously proposed N station passive star networks. LAMDANET[20] requires an array of N receivers at each station so all signals can be received simultaneously. STAR TRACK[22] uses a separate electronic control track to avoid ....

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T. Q. Dam, K.A. Williams, and D.H.C. Du, "A Media-Access Protocol for Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks," to appear in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

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K.A. Williams, T.Q. Dam, D.H.-C. Du "A Media-Access Protocols for Time- and Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks," IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Comm., Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 560--567, May 1993.

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K.A. Williams, T.Q. Dam, D.H.-C. Du "A MediaAccess Protocols for Time- and Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Passive Star Networks," IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Comm., Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 560--567, May 1993.

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