G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. In SIGGRAPH '89, Course 30 notes: Topics in Physically-based Modeling, pages R1-R23. SIGGRAPH, August 1989.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....that consist in discretizing space into voxels and then computing what flows in and out each voxel [9] would not be convenient here, since interactions with obstacles which are not necessarily aligned with voxels need to be computed. Physically based particle systems, such as those used in [15, 19, 20, 14, 7] seem a better approach for our case. Our approach relies on the smoothed particles model introduced in [4] The main feature of smoothed particles is to model materials governed by a macroscopic state equation. It defines the global behavior of the material independently of the sampling rate. ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 89. This paper also appeared in SIGGRAPH '89 Course notes number 30.

....des milieux continus. En echantillonnant l espace et le temps, on peut en e#et approximer par di#erences finies les derivees des parametres du mouvement sur les noeuds d un maillage, et donc resoudre le mouvement de facon globale en resolvant un systeme matriciel. D autres approches nodales [MP89, LJF 91] considerent les objets deformables comme un assemblage d elements mecaniques discrets. Les noeuds sont alors des masses poctuelles, reliees entre elles par des lois d interaction de type ressort ou amortissement. Ce choix permet une #. iMAGIS is a joint project of CNRS, INRIA, ....

....des techniques decrites precedement : il faut a la fois un echantillonnage performant, un controle du volume, et une bonne gestion des melanges indesirables. La structure interne est formee d un systeme particulaire, choisi pour sa bonne modelisation des proprietes visco plastiques [LJF 91, MP89] Fig. 10 Une substance saisie par des pinces, puis relachee. La figure 10 montre une substance saisie a l aide de pinces, puis relachee, entrainant dans un premier temps une separation, puis une fusion des deux morceaux obtenus (la possibilite de fusion a ete ajoutee au modele en ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. SIGGRAPH '89 Courses 30 notes, pages 305--309, August 89.

.... F i can be written as follows, thanks to the structure of H : F i = kdt # j (i, j) # Edges (v j v i ) The sum of the relative velocity with the neighbors has been used several times in the past as artificial viscosity to create a dissipative force in mass spring or particle systems [MP89, DG95] or in Rayleigh damping forces. It intuitively means that the motion of a mass point is influenced by the motion of its neighbors: a particle will tend to follow the local displacement. In the implicit integration, this articifial viscosity is proportional to both the time step and the ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 89. This paper also appeared in SIGGRAPH'89 Course notes number 30.

....and Universite Joseph Fourier. 1. 1 Previous approaches Particle systems were first defined in Computer Graphics as sets of moving points, without interaction between them [Ree83] More recently, particles systems have been widely used for simulating inelastic deformations and even fluids [MP89, TPF89, LJR 91, Ton91, DG95, LP95, LHVD95, GLG95] Most methods developed so far use di#erent simplified versions of the same attractionrepulsion force for modeling interactions between particles. This force derives from the Lennard Jones potential, proposed for modeling pairwise microscopic ....

....is the lack of definition of the surface surrounding the object. Providing such a surface is essential for interfacing particles with other models. A solution for computing a smooth surface from particles consists in using an iso surface of some implicit function controlled by the particles [MP89, Ton91] The resulting implicit surface can be used for collision and contact processing between the body and its environment [Gas93, DG95] However, coating particles with an arbitrary implicit function introduces large volume variations. This problem should not occur if a coherent definition of ....

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Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. SIGGRAPH '89 Courses 30 notes, pages 305--309, August 89.

....the topology of the network of nodes does not vary over time, this approach is restricted to the animation of structured objects. A solution for modeling soft inelastic bodies that absorb deformations and may separate into pieces or melt during an animation is a physically based particle system [26], 38] 40] 24] In this case, a set of elementary masses called particles interact by means of forces that vary with the distance, such as Lennard Jones forces that combine short range repulsion with long range attraction. Motion is computed by independentely solving the equations of motion ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. SIGGRAPH '89 Courses 30 notes, pages 305--309, August 89.

.... computation, # availability of information about contact between particles, # availability of orientation information from neighbors, and # particle control via conditional differential equations 137 Siggraph 97 Course Notes 138 Some of these are available in other recent particle systems [15, 16, 10, 18, 20, 19, 22]. The remainder of this paper is a modified version from Chapter 2 of my thesis [3] and describes the simulator from the biological standpoint with which it was constructed. I hope this will clarify some of the design decisions that we could not thoroughly discuss in the limited length of a ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

.... object . Chen and Lobo [4] extended the height field approach by using the pressure arising from a 2D solution of the NavierStokes equations to modulate surface elevation. O Brien and Hodgins [20] simulated splashing liquids by combining a particle system and height field, while Miller and Pearce [19] used viscous springs between particles to achieve dynamic flow in 3D. Terzopoulos, Platt and Fleischer [27] simulated melting deformable solids using a molecular dynamics approach to simulate the particles in the liquid phase. Surface or particle based methods are relatively fast, especially in ....

Miller, G. and Pearce, A., "Globular Dynamics: A Connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids", Computers and Graphics 13, 305-309 (1989).

....volumetric approaches, particle based methods have been used to model water spray and other loosely packed materials. Supplementing particle models with inter particle dynamics allows a wider range of phenomena to be modeled. Examples of these systems include Reeves[19] Sims[21] Miller and Pearce[15], and Terzopoulos, Platt, and Fleischer[24] Simulation of interactions with the environment can also be used to generate still models. Several researchers have described techniques for generating complex plant models from grammars describing how the plant should 2 Figure 2: The uniform grid ....

G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

....falling under the influence of gravity without modeling interactions among the particles. Phenomena such as spray or loosely packed water droplets are easily modeled by this technique. Systems that allow particle interactions have been used to model fountains of fluid and amorphous solids [5]. While a large volume could potentially be modeled with interacting particles, the number of particles needed to fill a volume will grow with the cube of the resolution of the model, and despite the simplified equations for the dynamics this method can be computationally expensive for a large ....

....e#ects or phenomena such as flowing streams should be possible as would extensions to add foam or bubbles. The visual appearance of the model could be improved by using a more sophisticated spray model that took into account the cohesion between drops of water such as the one described in [5]. Figure 7 shows a comparison between an actual splash and a simulation where we attempted to match the initial conditions of the actual splash. Although the simulated motion is similar to that appearing in the captured video images, a clear di#erence can be seen in the patterns formed by the ....

Miller, G., Pearce, A., "Globular Dynamics: A connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids," Computers and Graphics, Vol 13, No. 3, pp. 305-309, 1989.

....of P i : F int = ff i Gamma P i P i (0 ff i 0:5) 6) In this framework each node can be seen as an independant particle that interacts with its three neighbors and their surrounding nodes. Interacting sets of particles have been used in computer graphics to model viscous fluids [13] or thermoplasticity[19] Szeliski[17] used particles that tended to align their orientations to interpolate 3D data without a priori knowledge of connectivity or topology. There is one important difference between simplex mesh and particles system in that simplex meshes constrain nodes ....

G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular dynamics a connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. In Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH'89), Course 30 notes: Topics in Physically-based Modeling, pages R1--R23, Boston, MA, August 1990. ACM.

....skeleton such as a particle system is used, the number of connected components of the implicit surface will change according to the time varying distance between particles. This gives an easy way of modeling highly deformable substances subject to topological changes, such as viscous liquids [18, 28, 29]. However the implicit surface is used as a purely geometric layer in all the works referenced above. It does not detect collisions, and no local deformation is generated in this case, although the flesh layer should be soft . This paper shows that implicit surfaces can provide an active ....

....Soft Substances The soft substance model we present here, first introduced in [8] is a good example for illustrating the capability of implicit surfaces to undergo separation and fusion. It is built from the layered construction by using: ffl Base structure: a particle system such as those in [18, 29, 6]. Interactions between particles are modeled by attraction repulsion forces combined with friction forces. Ray traced lips Side view Structure used Animation snapshot Figure 7: Animating lips with implicit surfaces ffl Implicit layer: an implicit surface defined by point skeletons located on each ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 89. This paper also appeared in SIGGRAPH'89 Course notes number 30.

....with each other, in his work to model the flocking and herding of animals. He did not use particle system terminology, but he did present the concept of defining simple local interactions between large numbers of small independent actors to produce complex aggregate behaviors. Miller and Pearce [39], Terzopoulos, Platt and Fleischer [56] and Tonnesen [59] all explored coupled particle systems as a way to model liquid like and melting materials. The interactions of the particles in these systems were independent of direction, producing spherical blobby like objects. Haumann et al. 23, ....

Miller, G. and A. Pearce, "Globular Dynamics: A Connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids," Computers and Graphics, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 305-309, 1989.

....the idea of coupling the particles so that they interact with each other as well as with their environment, and demonstrated that it is possible to exploit simple local rules of interaction between large numbers of simple primitives to produce complex aggregate behaviors. Miller and Pearce [32], Terzopoulos, Platt and Fleischer [46] and Tonnesen [48] all explored coupled particle systems as a way to model liquid like and melting materials. Miller et al. 33] Szeliski and Tonnesen [44] and van Wijk [49] proposed particle interactions that are a function of direction, producing ....

Miller, G. and A. Pearce, "Globular Dynamics: A Connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids," Computers and Graphics, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 305-309, 1989.

....positive or negative according to the sign of the overpressures P i and P j . It has been shown in [6] that these forces are similar to Lennard Jones attraction repulsion forces (i.e. long range attraction and short range repulsion) that are commonly used in physically based particle systems [14]. One of the advantages of SPH is that no local user specified parameter is needed, since they are directly derived from the global state equation. As with any particle system, the animation is computed by integrating, for each particle, applied forces over time. Non conservative forces that model ....

Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: a connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 89.

....for personal use only. whose connectivity is maintained through constraint forces (usually generated from a damped spring abstraction) Systems of this nature have been used to simulate flesh around rigid bodies [6] the behaviour of cloth like sheets [1, 12, 7] decomposable solids [4] fluids [9], and even worms [10] The second group is most commonly used for two principal reasons: it is easier for the animator to integrate this approach with simulations of rigid bodies and it is far easier to implement. However, the strategy of approximation used in mass spring networks only leads to ....

G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular Dynamics : A Connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids. Computer and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

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G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. In SIGGRAPH '89, Course 30 notes: Topics in Physically-based Modeling, pages R1-R23. SIGGRAPH, August 1989.

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G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

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G Miller and A Pearce. Globular dynamics: a connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers & Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

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MILLER, G. and PEARCE, A., "Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids," Computers and Graphics, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 305--309, 1989.

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G. Miller and A. Pearce. "Globular dynamics -- A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids." Computer Graphics in Canada, 13(3):305-309 (1989).

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Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

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G. Miller and A. Pearce, "Globular Dynamics: A Connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids," Computers and Graphics, Vol. 13, No. 3, 1989, pp. 305-309.

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Gavin Miller and Andrew Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

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G. Miller and A. Pearce. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics, 13(3):305--309, 1989.

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Miller, G., and Pearce, A., (1989) "Globular Dynamics: A Connected Particle System for Animating Viscous Fluids," Computers and Graphics, 13(3), pp. 305--309.

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