K. M. Sivalingam and P. W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre-allocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks," in Proc. 26th IEEE Simulation Symposium, pp. 68--77, Mar. 1993.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....for handling static patterns. Since the control algorithms are executed off line by the compiler, complex strategies to manage the network resources can be employed. The control network, along with the limitations in its implementation, such as the head of line effect due to single queue [16], is altogether eliminated. Since no routing decisions are made at runtime, the packet header can also be eliminated causing the network bandwidth to be utilized more effectively. The combination of TDM and compiled communication enables the reduction of network synchronization and reconfiguration ....

....where the overhead in dynamic communication is large compared to the communication time. Second, compiled communication takes the whole communication pattern into consideration, while dynamic communication, which considers the connection requests one by one, suffers from the head of line effect [16]. Third, the off line message scheduling algorithm further optimizes the communication efficiency for compiled communication. Fourth, compiled communication allows the system to use various multiplexing degrees for different communication patterns. In dynamic communication, control mechanism with ....

K.M. Sivalingam and P.W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre--allocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks," in Proc. 26th IEEE Simulation Symposium, pages 68 -- 77, Mar. 1993.

....the protocols due to the earth to satellite distances. Another common feature observed in satellite protocols is the concept of a fixed size frame containing data slots. In the high speed network under consideration, propagation delay is still a major concern even for the short network distances [15]. Also, the concept of a fixed frame size will not be used here. The next section presents a Slotted Aloha (SA) based reservation protocol for the WDM environment. SA Reservation for WDM: Reservation based protocols for WDM networks using SA on the control channel have been considered earlier in ....

....advantages include variable control cycle lengths based on system traffic. The disadvantages of the SA based approach are outlined below: The node has to wait for round trip delay before it can ascertain success of the control packet. This makes the protocol very vulnerable to propagation delay [15]. If the node had multiple queues, a node can send the control packet for another data packet during the same control cycle. This increases the chances of a data packet being sent during the next data cycle. Simultaneously, it also increases the control channel traffic and hence collisions. As ....

K. M. Sivalingam and P. W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre-allocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks," in Proc. 26th IEEE Simulation Symposium, pp. 68--77, Mar. 1993.

....bus were studied in [1] Access schemes for multiple channel star networks for the star have been extensively studied. The access schemes studied in this paper are multi channel extensions of D Net [4] and DQDB (IEEE 802.6) an extended version of AMTRAC [5] and Fairnet [6] for the bus, I SA [7] andI TDMA [8] for the star. The topologies are studied with respect to implementational complexity, system scalability (variation in number of nodes and channels) protocol performance (in terms of average packet delay and network throughput) cost and fault tolerance. The paper is organized ....

....by EQEB and requires C queues per node. This eliminates some head of line effects and helps in partitioning data traffic. 3.3 Star A random access and a static access scheme have been studied for the star. I SA : Slotted Aloha provides access arbitration to each data channel with I SA [7]. The transmitter chooses a non empty queue and transmits a window of packets on the corresponding channel using Slotted Aloha. Acknowledgments are needed since collisions may occur on a channel. The source node transmits on other channels rather than wait for acknowledgment of the transmitted ....

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K. M. Sivalingam and P. W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre-allocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks, " in Proc. 26 th Annual IEEE Simulation Symposium, (Washington, D.C.), pp. 68--77, Mar. 1993.

....node m i channel c 0 at slot [i 1] mod m, and subsequent channels are allocated one unit apart for the remaining C Gamma 1 channels. Alternative allocation schemes have been studied with the objective of overlapping the switching latency to relax the design constraints on the optical devices [38]. It is possible to generalize the slot allocation where the number of slots per frame is not m and a node could be assigned multiple slots per channel per frame as with Universal Time Slots [39] One node could act as a scheduling agent and assign slots based on requests from the nodes, providing ....

K. M. Sivalingam and P. W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre-allocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks," in Proc. 26th IEEE Simulation Symposium, pp. 68--77, Mar. 1993.

....to overlap the switching latency with TDMA C, and an analogous approach is used to deemphasize propagation delay. As described in Section 2.2.2, I SA is vulnerable to a severe performance degradation as the propagation delay increases. Redundant acknowledgments and windowing have been examined in [10, 11] to provide propagation delay insensitivity and switching latency overlap for I SA, resulting in improved performance at the cost of a more complex protocol. The emphasis of this paper is on overlap of tuning and processing latencies, rather than propagation delay, in support of interprocessor ....

....Acknowledgment Scheme: The destination node transmits the acknowledgment separately via explicit or piggybacked packets. The source node uses timeout and packet sequencing to retransmit lost data packets or acknowledgments. The relative performance of both approaches has been considered in [15, 11] This paper considers the implicit acknowledgment scheme. A source node can compute the home channel of the destination node through a simple computation based on the channel allocation policy described in Section 2.1. If a collision occurs during packet transmission, the transmitter waits for a ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

K. M. Sivalingam and P. W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of preallocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks," in Proc. 26 th Simulation Symposium, (Washington, D.C.), Mar. 1993.

....into consideration in the design of protocols for high speed networks. These problems have been studied before but their impact is increased due to the high speeds of photonic networks. A detailed discussion of these issues with respect to reservation and pre allocation protocols may be found in [24]. Propagation delay the time required for light energy to travel from source to destination. The impact of variations in the ratio of propagation delay to nominal packet transmission time has been studied for optical bus based demand assignment multiple access protocols in [2] In general, the ....

....bit set in the register. In the following slot, the node examines bit ( i 1) mod C) first. An extension to the scheme above is to allow C queues at each node to segregate channel traffic, piggyback acknowledgment onto data packets, windowing of packets and redundant explicit acknowledgments [23, 24]. The following section describes the analytic model used to study the performance characteristics of the protocol with explicit acknowledgments. 3 Semi markov Analytic model The impact of propagation delay and processing latency on the performance of the protocol with explicit acknowledgment is ....

K. M. Sivalingam and P. W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre-allocation based media access protocols for WDM photonic networks," in Proc. 26 th Simulation Symposium, Mar. 1993.

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K.M. Sivalingam and P.W. Dowd, "Latency hiding strategies of pre--allocation based media access protocols for WDM phontic networks," in Proc. 26th IEEE Simulation Symposium, pages 68 -- 77, Mar. 1993.

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