M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings, "Agent theories, architectures, and languages: A survey," in Proc of. ECAI ATAL Workshop, 1994, pp. 1--39.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....around for some time, agents have become more prominent with the recent growth of the Internet. Agents seem to offer benefits not possible in conventional programs but what distinguishes an agent from a program Several definitions provide insight into this question. Wooldridge and Jennings [66] provide the following definition of an agent a hardware or (more usually) software based computer system that enjoys the following properties over conventional programs: autonomy agents operate without the direct intervention of humans or others, and have some kind of control over their ....

M. Wooldridge, N. R. Jennings, "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: a Survey", in Wooldridge and Jennings Eds., Intelligent Agents, pp. 1-22, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1995. 99 Appendix A Sample Cable Amplifier Network Topology Table A.1: Portion of the topology from the cable amplifier network in

....as previously stated, the field of agents has many conflicting definitions so please do not be surprised if you have read different or conflicting ones. Technical Report #6 99 What is an Agent Centre for Software Maintenance, University of Durham James Ingham Page 2 Agent definition 1. [AgentSurvey, 1994] AGENT We distinguish two usages. The most general usage is to mean an AUTONOMOUS, self contained, REACTIVE, PRO ACTIVE, computer system, typically with a central focus of control, that is able to communicate with other AGENTS via some ACL. A more specific usage is to mean a computer system ....

....communicate with other AGENTS via some ACL. A more specific usage is to mean a computer system that is either conceptualised or implemented in term of concepts more usually applied to humans (such as beliefs, desires and intentions[BDI ARCHITECTURE] also connected to ] INTENTIONAL SYSTEM[s] [AgentSurvey, 1994] This paper defines autonomy as . The assumption that, although we generally intend AGENTS to act on our behalf, they nevertheless act without direct human or other intervention, and have some kind of control over their internal state. AgentSurvey, 1994] Reactive as . Capable of ....

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Wooldridge, Michael and Nicholas R. Jennings "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey" in Wooldridge and Jennings Eds., Intelligent Agents, Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 1-22

....symbiosis determines the development of both. This statement is the basis of our approach: an entity reacts to its environment. The reactions and adaptive mechanisms are triggered by the stimuli received from the environment. Even if this definition leads to a weak notion of what an agent is [WoJe 95] it is sufficient to model complex systems and provide simulations to help in understanding the emergence of macro behaviors. Designing more complex agents, in terms of human like concepts such as GRATE [Jenn 93] or IRMA [BrIP 88] is not so rational in this specific case. With this point of ....

....a role for the application. Internal behaviors describing the autonomous life and interactions are modelled at the same time, and are encapsulated together in autonomous agents. Many works have been based on this approach, leading to symbolic, reactive or hybrid architecture of agents (see [WoJe 95] for more references) Our method of conceptual design of autonomous agents follows this idea, except that, because of the complexity of the real world considered, cognitive agents are described, including more sophisticated protocols. It adopts an external perspective from which to look at ....

: M. Wooldridge, N.R. Jennings, "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: A Survey", in Intelligent Agents, Proceedings of the ECAI-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages, Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 890, Pages 1-39, 1995.

....line of work that cognitive science has focussed on. To quote Werner [78] cognitive science is fundamentally an asocial science. There is one question that even springs to mind before this one, viz. what is an agent anyway The definition of an agent varies between different researchers (cf. [80], 31] for definitions and listings of definitions) In a way it is the same question as what is intelligence It seems obvious that there will not be one final answer to either of these questions. In [79] the basic set of agent properties consists of autonomy (i.e. the agent has some kind of ....

.... One meaning of autonomy is the degree to which movements are determined by external stimuli (autonomy from stimuli in [19] in other words the degree to which the behaviour of an agent is directly controlled by another entity at runtime (note that the above cited definition of an agent by [80] uses both the term proactiveness and the term autonomy to capture this definition of autonomy) Another meaning is the independence of the human mind: cognitive autonomy, the degree to which one s choices and actions based on them are governed by other agents (see also [19] At the level of a ....

Wooldridge, M. J. and Jennings, N.R. , "Agent theories, architectures and languages: a survey", in: Woolridge, M. J. and Jennings, N.R. (eds.), Intelligent Agents, ECAI Workshop on agent theories, architectures and languages, SpringerVerlag, 1995.

....Moreover, human behavior is not always consistent and linear during problem solving. MultiAgent systems well capture this type of fuzzy analysis because they are designed to support concurrence and non determinism. Our perception of what is an agent remains here closed to the definition found in [8] where an agent is an autonomous and consistent part of a system. The originality of the work is to organize and distribute the user model across the system, so that user knowledge remains close to where it is needed. How to model the user The user model is inspired by J. Self s work [7] and ....

M. Wooldridge, N.R. Jennings, "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: A Survey", in Intelligent Agents, Proceedings of the ECAI-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages, Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 890, Pages 1-39, 1995.

....the different phases of a market transaction it is convenient to use autonomous software agents which run in the background of the users system and do not need any interaction with the user. The structure and scope of software agents is discussed in great detail in several papers, for example in [5] and [6] Using agents the user gains time but the load of the resources is still on the user s computer. To lower Mobile Agents on Electronic Markets Opportunities, Risks and Agent Protection 3 this load and to decrement the needed connections to suppliers mobile agents can be used. This ....

Woolridge, M; Jennings, N. R.; "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages : A Survey"; Proc. of the ECAI-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages (Eds.: Woolridge, M. J.; Jennings, N. R.); Berlin; SpringerVerlag; 1995.

....sections we will discuss the concept of agents and there use as expert assistants in a software project management tool. GUI Tool Kernel CORBA communications bus Agent Controller Agents User Prompter tool Figure 1 Prompter architecture 2. 2 Agent overview The area of Intelligent Agents [12] has emerged in recent times as a hot topic in several branches of computing research from artificial intelligence to information systems. Intelligent agents are entities capable of autonomous goal orientated behaviour in some environment, often in the service of larger scale goals external to ....

M.Wooldridge, N.Jennings, "Agents Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Springer-Verlag, 1995.

....general, the user of these tools has to create some kind of optimization plan (answering the questions mentioned above) before the automatic optimization run can be started. MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS Multiagent systems are a fundamental research discipline of Distributed Artificial Intelligence, see (Wooldridge and Jennings 1994; Muller 1996) for an introduction. A multiagent system consists of a collection of autonomous hardware or software systems, so called agents. Agents respond to changes occurring in their environment (the world outside the agent) in which they may take into account their local state, knowledge, ....

Wooldridge, M.J. and N.R.Jennings. 1994. "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: A Survey." In Proceedings of the ECAI-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages (Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 890, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1--39.

....knowledge is typically stored in the knowledge base of the agent, structured according to any suitable knowledge representation scheme. Rules, frames, fuzzy logic, and formal logic knowledge bases are commonly used. A recent survey of agent architectures and languages provides further details (Wooldridge and Jennings, 1994). An earlier survey with a more applied focus provides also some developmental background (Norrie and Kwok, 1992) Of particular relevance to this paper, agent based Wide Area Networks are already being developed (Reinhardt, 1994) 5 A stimulus to the development of multi agent systems was ....

Wooldridge, M.J., Jennings, N.R., "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", Proc. of ECAI 94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages (ed. Wooldridge, M.J. and Jennings, N.R.), Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 1-32, 1994.

....management it was decided to adopt an agent based approach. This decision was based on three main observations about the medical care management domain (given below) and the properties of autonomy, social ability, reactivity and proactiveness which are normally associated with intelligent agents [4]. The first relevant domain property is the fact that there is a significant physical distribution of information, problem solving capabilities, resources, and responsibilities which need to be brought together in a consistent and coherent fashion by the distributed agents who jointly execute ....

Wooldridge, M. J., and Jennings, N. R., (1995) "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey" In this volume.

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M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings, "Agent theories, architectures, and languages: A survey," in Proc of. ECAI ATAL Workshop, 1994, pp. 1--39.

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M.J. Wooldridge and N.R. Jennings: "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", in M.J. Wooldridge and N.R. Jennings (Eds.): "Intelligent Agents. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence", Springer Verlag, Vol. 890, 1995

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Wooldridge, M.J., and Jennings, N.R, "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", in M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings, editors: Intelligent Agents - Theories, Architectures, and Languages I. Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in AI Volume 890, February 1995. 40

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Wooldridge, M.J., and Jennings, N.R, "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", in M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings, editors: Intelligent Agents - Theories, Architectures, and Languages I. SpringerVerlag Lecture Notes in AI Volume 890, February 1995.

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M. Wooldridge, N.R. Jennings, "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: A Survey", in Intelligent Agents, Proceedings of the ECAI-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages, Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 890, Pages 1-39, 1995.

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Wooldridge, Michael and Jennings, Nicholas R., "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", in Wooldridge and Jennings (ed), Intelligent Agent, Springer-Verlag, 1-22. 16

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Wooldridge, Michael and Jennings, Nicholas R., "Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: A Survey", in Wooldridge and Jennings Eds., Intelligent Agent, Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 1-22. 11

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Wooldridge, M. J., and N. R. Jennings, "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: a Survey", 1994.

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M. Wooldridge, N.R. Jennings."Agent Theories, Architectures and Languages: a survey". Intelligent Agents Proc. ECAI-94, Amsterdam, August 1994.

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Wooldridge, M. J., and N. R. Jennings, "Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: a Survey", 1994.

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