A. Benveniste and G. Berry. - Real-time systems designs and programming. - Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270-1282, September 1991.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....approach [8] which is based on the task function framework [18] to define the sensor based control of the robot; in our case, the sensor is a camera mounted on the end cffector of a robot arm. The technique involved for the integration is the syn chronous approach to reactive real time systems [5]. One way of interpreting the synchrony hypothesis consists in considering that computations produce values that are red evant within a single logical instant of time. A family of languages is based on this hypothesis [12] They arc pro vided with environments featuring tools supporting ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. - Real-time systems designs and programming. - Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270-1282, September 1991.

....examples are used to illustrate the application of the tool. Keywords: Control theory, Polynomial methods, Synchronous methodology, Signal environment, Sigali. 1. Introduction Motivations The Signal language [3, 16] is dedicated to reliable specifications of real time reactive systems [2]. In this area, many applications require high reliability and safety. Traditionally, these requirements are checked a posteriori using simulation techniques and or property verification. Control theory of discrete event systems allows the use of constructive c fl 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers. ....

.... to reactive real time systems, and particularly the data flow language Signal [16, 7] Synchronous languages [8] are derived from theoretical and applied studies on discrete event systems with real time aspects, and on specification methodologies and programming environments for their development [2, 8]. 2.1. The Signal language. The Signal language [16, 7] manipulates signals X, which denote unbounded series of typed values, indexed by time. An associated clock determines the set of instants at which values are present. The constructs of the language can be used in an equational style to ....

Benveniste, A. and G. Berry: 1991, `Real-time systems designs and programming '. Proceedings of the IEEE 79(9), 1270--1282.

....algebraic transformations. Index TermsDiscrete event systems, polynomial dynamical system, supervisory control problem, optimal control, SIGNAL, SIGALI, power plant. 1 INTRODUCTION MOTIVATIONS T HE SIGNAL language [1] is developed for precise specification of real time reactive systems [2]. In such systems, requirements are usually checked a posteriori using property verification and or simulation techniques. The control theory of Discrete Event Systems allows us to use constructive methods that ensure a priori required properties of the system behavior. The validation phase is ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry, Real-Time Systems Designs and Programming, Proc. IEEE, vol. 79, no. 9, pp. 12701282, Sept. 1991.

....the ideal zero time model of perfect synchrony. Similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have nonetheless been discussed in the literature already, thus questioning the oversimplified vision of zero time computation and instantaneous broadcast communication. Early paper [3] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data flow networks. The first formal study of desynchronization, in [7] establishes precise relations between so called well clocked synchronous functional programs and the subset of Kahn networks amenable to ....

....notion of hierarchic normal form for synchronous specifications (section 4.2) To prove the correctness of our approach, we introduce a semantical framework in which synchrony and asynchrony can be jointly handled and the preservation of semantics can be proved. 1.1. Related Work Early papers [3] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and tokenbased asynchronous data flow networks. A first formal study [7] established a precise relation between well clocked synchronous functional programs and the subset of Kahn networks amenable to buffer less evaluation. Since then, the ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of In Proceedings of the Ieee, v. 79, n.

....traces of Signal. A prototype implementing a subset of the synchronisability rules has been integrated in the Signal compiler and used for the validation of a video image coding application specified using Signal and Alpha. 1 Introduction Real time systems, and more generally reactive systems [4], are in continuous interaction with their environment. Therefore, they must respond in time to external stimuli. Moreover, real time systems must be safe, thus one would wish to prove their correctness. Time constraints and safety are two important aspects to be considered in the design of a ....

....The work presented in this paper is part of a more general effort for building a hybrid framework in which the Signal [12] 13] and Alpha [20] languages can be used for real time system codesign. 1. 2 Cospecification and Cosimulation of Signal Alpha Systems Signal is a synchronous [4] language developed for the specification, validation and implementation of real time systems. Signal variables represent finite or infinite sequences of values (data) which can be filtered or merged before being submitted to classical boolean or mathematical operations. A clock is implicitly ....

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Benveniste A., Berry G.: "Real-Time systems design and programming", Proceedings of the IEEE, September 1991, 79, (9)

....Further, since mixed designs are favoured in SACRES, using together both state based and dataflow specification styles, a common representation was in some way mandatory. In SACRES, this common representation is the Dc format. This format implements the paradigm of synchronous programming [8, 11] in its full generality. Although very close in its syntax of the synchronized dataflow model advocated by the Signal language, it constitutes a model for the semantic integration of Signal [10] and Statecharts specifications [13] In particular, translations from Statecharts to Dc have been ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry, "Real-Time systems design and programming", Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 9 n o 9, September 1991, 1270--1282.

....sequential or distributed code generation, entirely replacing the manual coding phase still employed in current industrial design flows [3] A requirement for that is, at the front end level, the use of specification tools that are based on a formal semantical model. The synchronous languages [4, 13] have been precisely introduced for that purpose. All of them rely on a precise semantics, which allows not only automatic code generation through formal transformations, but also verification of This work is supported by the Esprit LTR project SYRF (EP 22703) Part of the results have been ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry, "Real-Time systems design and programming", Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 79, n o 9, September 1991, 1270--1282.

....are then synthesized using algebraic transformations. Key words: Discrete Event Systems, Polynomial Dynamical System, Supervisory Control Problem, Signal, Power Plant. 1 Introduction Motivations The Signal language [8] is developed for precise specification of real time reactive systems [2]. In such systems, requirements are usually checked a posteriori using property verification and or simulation techniques. Control theory of Discrete Event Systems (DES) allows to use constructive methods, that ensure, a priori, required properties of the system behavior. The validation phase is ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems designs and programming. Proceedings of the IEEE, 79(9):1270--1282, September 1991.

....the ideal izero timej model of perfect synchrony. Similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have nonetheless been discussed in the literature already, thus questioning the oversimplied vision of izero timej computation and instantaneous broadcast communication. Early paper [3] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data AEow networks. The rst formal study of desynchronization, in [7] establishes precise relations between so called well clocked synchronous functional programs and the subset of Kahn networks amenable to ....

....the notion of hierarchic normal form for synchronous specications (section 4.2) To prove the correctness of our approach, we introduce a semantical framework in which synchrony and asynchrony can be jointly handled and the preservation of semantics can be proved. 1.1. Related Work Early papers [3] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and tokenbased asynchronous data AEow networks. A rst formal study [7] established a precise relation between well clocked synchronous functional programs and the subset of Kahn networks amenable to buoeer less evaluation. Since then, the ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of In Proceedings of the Ieee, v. 79, n.

....real life architectures do not obey the ideal model of perfect synchrony. However, similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have already been discussed in the literature, thus questioning the oversimplified vision of instantaneous broadcast communication. Early papers [3] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data flow networks. The first formal and deep study, in [7] establishes a precise relation between well clocked synchronous functional programs and the subset of Kahn networks amenable to buffer less ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of In Proceedings of the Ieee, v. 79, n. 9. Ieee, September 1991.

....approach [8] which is based on the task function framework [18] to define the sensor based control of the robot; in our case, the sensor is a camera mounted on the end effector of a robot arm. The technique involved for the integration is the synchronous approach to reactive real time systems [5]. One way of interpreting the synchrony hypothesis consists in considering that computations produce values that are relevant within a single logical instant of time. A family of languages is based on this hypothesis [12] They are provided with environments featuring tools supporting ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. -- Real-time systems designs and programming. -- Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270--1282, September 1991.

....specifications, from the definition of low level processes to their integration into complex systems and their compilation into automatically generated executable code. In order to address these points, the technique involved in this paper is the synchronous approach to reactive real time systems [8], and particularly the language SIGNAL [32] Reactive systems [8] 25] are characterized by the fact that their pace is determined by their environment. An interpretation of the synchrony hypothesis is that all the relevant values involved in a computation (input, output and internal) are present ....

....integration into complex systems and their compilation into automatically generated executable code. In order to address these points, the technique involved in this paper is the synchronous approach to reactive real time systems [8] and particularly the language SIGNAL [32] Reactive systems [8][25] are characterized by the fact that their pace is determined by their environment. An interpretation of the synchrony hypothesis is that all the relevant values involved in a computation (input, output and internal) are present simultaneously within the single instant of logical time when the ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

A. Benveniste and G. Berry, "Real-time systems designs and programming, " Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 79, no. 9, pp. 1270--1282, September 1991.

....approach [14] which is based on the task function framework [30] to define the sensor based control of the robot; in our case, the sensor is a camera mounted on the end effector of a robot arm. The technique involved for the integration is the synchronous approach to reactive real time systems [6]. One way of interpreting the synchrony hypothesis consists in considering that computations produce values that are relevant within a single instant of time. A family of languages is based on this hypothesis [18] They are provided with environments featuring tools supporting specification, ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems designs and programming. Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270--1282, September 1991.

....Bdl diagrams : introducing hierarchic forms We have seen that offering the k operator immediately results in having multiple communications and actions performed within each single reaction. 2 In fact Bdl belongs to the family of so called synchronous languages advocated for reactive systems [3]. 21 This is in contrast with the more classical view that individual communications and actions occur within different steps. In this classical approach, the scheduling of the different steps is part of the specification performed by the designer (in the form, typically, of different transitions ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270--1282, September 1991.

....real life architectures do not obey the ideal model of perfect synchrony. However, similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have already been discussed in the literature, thus questioning the oversimplified vision of instantaneous broadcast communication. Early papers [3] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data flow networks. The first formal and deep study, in [7] establishes a precise relation between well clocked synchronous functional programs and the subset of Kahn networks amenable to buffer less ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of In Proceedings of the Ieee, v. 79, n. 9. Ieee, September 1991.

....do not obey the ideal model of perfect synchrony. However, similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have already been discussed in the literature, thus questioning the oversimplified vision of zero time computation and instantaneous broadcast communication. Early paper [5] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data flow networks, see in particular section V therein. The first formal and deep study can be found in [12] It establishes a precise relation between so called well clocked synchronous functional programs and ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270--1282, September 1991.

....architectures, asynchronous hardware, etc. However, similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have already been discussed in the litterature, thus questioning the oversimplified vision of zero time computation and instantaneous broadcast communication. Early paper [6] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous dataflow networks, see in particular section V therein. The first formal and deep study can be found in [13] It establishes a precise relation between so called well clocked synchronous functional programs and ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270--1282, September 1991.

....validation, from a more theoretical standpoint. Fully theoretical aspects and results are not given here, however, but appropriate references are provided. 2. 1 The essentials of the synchronous paradigm There has been several attempts to characterize the essentials of the synchronous paradigm [6] [13] With some experience and after attempts to address the issue of moving from synchrony to asynchrony (and back) we feel the following features are indeed essential for characterizing this paradigm : 1. Programs progress via an infinite sequence of reactions : P = R 13 where R denotes ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry, "Real-Time systems design and programming", Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 9 n o 9, September 1991, 1270--1282.

....generation from a more theoretical standpoint. Fully theoretical aspects and results are not given here, however, but appropriate references are provided. 2. 1 The essentials of the synchronous paradigm There has been several attempts to characterize the essentials of the synchronous paradigm [5] [9] With some experience and after attempts to address the issue of moving from synchrony to asynchrony (and back) we feel the following features are indeed essential for characterizing this paradigm: 1. Programs progress via an infinite sequence of reactions: P = R where R denotes the ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry, "Real-Time systems design and programming", Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 9 n o 9, September 1991, 1270--1282.

....turn result in reconfiguring the operating mode. In such real time complex systems, different kinds of components are involved, namely : computers running suitable application software, electronics, mechanical and other devices, and human operators. Parallelism, concurrency, and reactive aspects [18, 17, 3, 7], should be able to encompass those diverse items within a single framework. This makes the requirements for a related theory of concurrency quite different from those for a theory of concurrency concentrating only on issues of computing [27] In this prospective, we are rather seeking for a ....

....with this software. In the past years, the synchronous approach has been proposed as a candidate framework for reactive and real time systems development. It is not our purpose here to further advocate this approach from the user s point of view, we better refer the reader to the special issue [3] and references therein. In this paper, our purpose is to present in a fairly new way the theory supporting the data flow members of the family of synchronous languages (two instances are Lustre [16] and Signal [24] The paper is organised as follows. In Section 2, our basic requirements for a ....

A. Benveniste, G. Berry, "Real-Time systems design and programming ", Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 9 n o 9, September 1991, 1270--1282.

....do not obey the ideal model of perfect synchrony. However, similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have already been discussed in the literature, thus questioning the oversimplied vision of izero timej computation and instantaneous broadcast communication. Early paper [5] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data AEow networks, see in particular section V therein. The rst formal and deep study can be found in [12] It establishes a precise relation between so called well clocked synchronous functional programs and ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):12701282, September 1991.

....architectures, asynchronous hardware, etc. However, similarities and formal links between synchrony and asynchrony have already been discussed in the literature, thus questioning the oversimplified vision of zero time computation and instantaneous broadcast communication. Early paper [6] informally discussed the link between perfect synchrony and token based asynchronous data flow networks, see in particular section V therein. The first formal and deep study can be found in [13] It establishes a precise This work is or has been supported in part by the following projects: ....

A. Benveniste and G. Berry. Real-time systems design and programming. Another look at real-time programming, special section of Proc. of the IEEE, 79(9):1270-- 1282, September 1991.

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A. Benveniste, G. Berry, "Real-Time systems design and programming", Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 79, n o 9, September 1991, 1270--1282.

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