T. Finin, R. Fritzson, and D. McKay et. al. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1992.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... pro activeness, ranging from purely reactive entities (cf. objects) to pro active fully autonomous entities, communication language, ranging from having no communication at all between entities, via simple signals, e.g. procedure calls, to full agent communication languages, such as KQML [8], spatial explicitness, ranging from having no notion of space at all, to letting each entity be assigned a location in the simulated physical geometrical space, mobility, ranging from all entities being stationary to each entity being able to move around in the simulated physical space ....

....rule(s) The agents execute the rule(s) with the purpose to adjust the environmental conditions to some preferred set of values. The rule will cause a sequence of actions to be executed, which will involve communication between the agents of the system. For the format of the messages a KQML like [8] approach was adopted. The language used to implement the MAS is April [15] The agent based approach provides an open architecture, i.e. agents can be easily configured and even dynamically re configured. It is possible to add new agents or change their behavior at run time without the need of ....

Finin T., Fritzson R., and McKay D., et al.: An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA (1992)

....with the purpose of adjusting the environmental conditions to some preferred set of values. The rule will cause a sequence of actions to be executed, which will involve communication between the agents of the system and eventually with an actuator device. For the format of the messages a KQML like [4] approach was adopted. The language used to implement the MAS was April [8] together with its extension April . The agent based approach provides an open architecture in the given context, i.e. agents can be easily configured and even dynamically re configured. It is possible to add new agents ....

Finin T., Fritzson R., and McKay D., et al., An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA, 1992.

....call this architecture, the fractal architecture . This architecture is composed of the following modules: a) Communication Data Module. This module allows co operation between the system specialists agents. This co operation relies on the data and control information interchange using a KQML [13] based protocol (Knowledge and Query Manipulation Language) b) Data Blackboard and Blackboard Interface. This module performs the specialist agent data storage process (for example, in the interaction specialist, the information stored is related to patient clinical history) This blackboard ....

Tim Finin et al. An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. KQML Advisory Group. 1992

....for the content to be communicated, including the content of messages about capabilities (cf. section 2.3) 2.2. 3 The Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language Research on the outer language mentioned above has resulted in the definition of the Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (kqml) [Finin et al. 1992, Finin et al. 1997, Labrou and Finin, 1997] We shall describe kqml briefly here. The syntax of kqml is simply based on a balanced parenthesis list. The first element in this list represents the performative of this message 2 . The performative indicates the type of speech act this message is. ....

Tim Finin, Don McKay, and Rich Fritzson. An overview of kqml: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, UMBC, Baltimore, MD, March 1992.

....Since the functionality that has to be implemented for KQML is very similar to that of FIPA, we think that it will not be much e ort to o er both communication languages in the future. 3. 2 The Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language The Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (KQML) FMF92, Lab96] is a communication language for software agents which supports the exchange of information about the (virtual) knowledge bases of the agents. KQML is both a message format and a message handling protocol to support shared knowledge in a multi agent system. KQML is based on the speech act ....

T. Finin, D. McKay, and R. Fritzon. An overview of kqml: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, University of Maryland, CS Department, 1992.

....Figure 7 A Specialist Internal Architecture In the proposed architecture, the co operation among the sytem specitalists agents is achieved via the Data Communication Module, which allows the exchange of data and control information. For this information exchange, a KQML language based protocol [6] is used. The information needed for the reasoning process is stored in the Data Blackboard. As the information stored in this blackboard may have temporal nature, a Blackboard Interface is needed for accessing the data. This interface is in charge of maintaining the temporal references and ....

FININ, T. ET AL. An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. KQML Advisory Group (1992).

....sharing of information in one source by other systems. This top down strategy focuses on one part of the scalability issue, namely, heterogeneity of knowledge and processing. Various projects on information integration have focused on di#erent aspects of information integration. For example, KQML (Finin and Wiederhold, 1991) provides a protocol language for communication among database systems, and KIF (Genesreth and Fikes, 1991) provides a meta language for enabling translation between knowledge systems. In contrast, Brodie, 1988) has emphasized the need for integrating knowledge systems and databases. McKay et ....

Finin, T. and G. Wiederhold: 1991, `An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language'. Available through the Stanford University Computer Science Department.

....those systems. This simpli ed situation is obviously desirable and should be pursued whenever possible. In [24] we nd the proposal of an ontology server , to act as a tool to construct large collections of shared ontologies. In Section 2 we address the diculties inherent to this approach. In [28] we nd the di erentiation between Knowledge based Systems and Knowledge Base Repositories, being the latter used to store declarative knowledge and information, akin and subject to the same care requested by a database to maintain integrity and accessibility. Sharing declarative knowledge (e.g. ....

....more ecient approach to the development of KBSs could be taken, that would lead to cost e ective construction of higher quality systems. Namely, techniques related to distributed object oriented systems development and implementation have in uenced the development of KBSs towards knowledge sharing [24, 27, 28, 29, 41]. A well accepted standardised architecture for implementing distributed object oriented systems is the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) proposed by the Object Management Group, Inc. According to the CORBA speci cation [45] an object system is a collection of objects ....

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T. Finin, D. McKay, and R. Fritzon. An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. Technical report, University of Maryland Baltimore County, March 1992. 24

....system (Jepson and Hughes, 1998) and the object administrator and other components were directly programmed in Java (Sun 1999) 13 The server agents communicate among them to provide overall coordination within the whole system. We made an adaptation of the KQML agent communication protocol (Finin et al. 1992) for the inter server communication. So far we have just developed very basic tools for server agent database replication. New or modified records in each local database are marked during normal operation, then they are extracted and transmitted to the other sites, so that these data are ....

Finin, T., McKay, D. and Fritzson, R. (1992). An Overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical Report, U. of Maryland CS Department.

....firing of a commitment rule. A commitment rule s conditions are matched against incoming messages and the agent s current mental state. If the rule fires, then a commitment is formed to perform the action requested by the message sender. Agents use KQML (Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language) [9] messages for inter agent communication. 4.1 The Test Domain We have implemented a simple hunter prey scenario using agents programmed in GOAL. We chose this domain because it has previously been used in the DAI literature [10] and both agents and their environment can be defined at various ....

....when a negative example is misclassified. In this context, a positive example of an action is one which was successful, e.g. an attempt to take the action move to( 1,2] results in the agent s new position being [1,2] A inst(Action, When, Arglist, Wholist, Why, C set, P set, Evals) inst(move to, [2,8,95,9,20,3], 1,3] hunter1, 1, 2, t,t,t] Fig. 4. The syntax of an instantiation negative example would be the execution of an action in inappropriate circumstances, e.g. attack(X) where X is another hunter. Because there are two distinct types of precondition (constraints and immediate ....

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T. Finin, R. Fritzson, D. McKay et al, An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, Technical Report (1992), Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland.

....commitments can be formed is by the firing of a commitment rule. A commitment rule s conditions are matched against incoming messages and the agent s current mental state. If the rule fires, then a commitment is formed to perform the action requested by the message sender. Agents use the KQML [ Finin et al. 1992 ] language for inter agent communication. The basic Agent K language has been extended to allow the specification, in the form of a simple goal tree, of an agent s individual goals. We will refer to this extended version of Agent K as Agent K . High level goals are decomposed into subgoals and ....

....an appropriate manner to the refinement facilitator. 4 The Refinement Facilitator To coordinate the refinement of the knowledge of a group of agents, we have introduced a new type of agent termed a refinement facilitator. A facilitator coordinates interaction between agents. For example, KQML [ Finin et al. 1992 ] communication facilitators are used to manage message traffic among other agents by routing messages to appropriate agents, providing buffering and translation facilities, etc. The task of the refinement facilitator is to coordinate refinement by processing refinement requests from agents, ....

T. Finin, R. Fritzson, and D. McKay et al. An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, 1992.

....by the agents in the system. Naturally, a key piece in this picture is the need for the agent system to be able to coordinate the execution of these complex tasks via the messages between agents. Proposed agent communication language (ACL) standards include FIPA [4] and various flavors of KQML [3, 6, 7]. These proposals are oriented towards speech act theory. Speech acts are utterances that perform some action or request some specification. An ACL message is a representation of a speech act, and thus provides guidelines as to the interpretation of its contents. This facilitates openness by ....

T. Finin and G. Wiederhold. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language, 1991. (Available through the Stanford University Computer Science Department.).

....communication. For example, with regard to the communication among agents topic there are proposals such as KQML from the ARPA KSE [Fin94a] Fin94b] and the Open Agent Architecture proposed by SRI. After the evaluation of the proposals we opted to use KQML for this task. The KQML language [Fin93] [Fin92] proposed by the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort (KSE) 1 is becoming the standard language to exchange information among agents and knowledge bases. Among its more relevant features it has a high level communication language to exchange syntax and ontology independent information. It allows ....

Finin, T.; Fritzson, R.; McKay, D. et al, "An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language", Technical Report (1992), Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland.

....of communication encompasses establishing a communication channel, deciding on a content language, using the proper speech acts, e.g. assertion, query, etc. transmitting actual information, synchronization, error detection and recovery, etc. The Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, KQML [Finin and others, 1992], is mainly concerned with that part of the communication between knowledge agents. Another important prerequisite of successful communication is that the exchanged content messages have the proper meaning so that they are understood correctly by the intended recipient. To achieve this, the ....

Tim Finin et al. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Unpublished Draft, 1992.

....service specifications at the KQML level. Name Service Information as a Layer under KQML. A second approach factors out the name service information from the speech act information, allowing the address information to be handled independently by an underlying transport layer. Classic KQML [8, 9] facilitates this, by factoring out the routing information from the contextual and content information about the speech act being sent. The benefits of this representation are illustrated, for example, in the exchange of nomadic transactions, where the content of a message may be a set of nested ....

T. Finin and G. Wiederhold. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, available through the Stanford CS Dept., 1991.

....unspecified tools as agents without any redesign of the Agent Toolkit or any other component of the Enterprise Tool Set in order to accommodate these new tools. Keeping in line with emerging standards, the agent communication language we support is KQML (Knowledge Query Manipulation Language, [1]) and messages are expressed using KIF (Knowledge Interchange Format, 3] and the Enterprise Ontology (see below) There is also an Agent Registration Tool to make agents (software or human) available to the Enterprise Tool Set, specifying details about the agent, such as its capabilities. The ....

T. Finin, Don McKay, and Rich Fritzson (Editors). An overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. Technical report, The KQML Advisory Group, March 1992.

....2.2.2 KQML message types Message types are defined in Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (KQML) a formal language for use in the communication of knowledge, roughly based on speech acts. KQML is another emerging standard sponsored by the DARPA under the Knowledge Sharing Initiative. See[2] for further details. KQML distinguishes between different types of communication modes, such as declarative (for assertions) interrogative (for questions) and imperative (for commands) The following summarizes some of the basic message types in KQML: ASSERT kif sentence ) would tell you ....

T. Finin, G. Wiederhold, "An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language", available through the Stanford University Computer Science Department, 1991. 16 Agent-Based Framework for Concurrent Engineering Software

....languages (AppleScript, Quickeys, 1. Such as those used in various in house applications at Xerox s Palo Alto Research Center [Rhe94] 2. The Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (KQML) is a protocol intended to support interoperability among intelligent agents in distributed applications [FMF92, Wer94]. 3. The Object Management Group s Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) a) b) Figure 1. Example Users Information windows showing one user to be idle or willing to be contacted (a) and one user who is presumed to be out of the building (b) Appropriate means of communicating ....

Tim Finin, Don McKay, and Rich Fritzson. An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language. Available through the Stanford University Computer Science Department, Palo Alto CA, March 1992.

....(see e.g. Castelfranchi and Conte [5] It includes rules for agreement, joint action, etc. However, applications also require more specific definitions, as in (e) where the approaches from (c) and (d) are combined. Finally, the heterogeneity problem is addressed with, for example, the KQML [6] and KIF [7] languages. They allow for information sharing between agents by means of defining a common ontology for interaction purposes. Heterogeneous sub systems may cooperate on a peer to peer basis. AGENT TECHNOLOGY IN THE ISES PROJECT In the ISES project computing devices are communicating ....

Finin T., Fritzson R., and McKay D., et al., An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA, 1992.

....2 Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of DARPA. MCC Technical Report MCC INSL 096 98 2 communication language standards include FIPA [FIPA] and various flavors of KQML [KQML Classic], KQML93 ] KQML 97] Lab96] KQML Lite] These proposals are oriented towards speech act theory. Speech acts are utterances that perform some action or request some specification. An ACL message is a representation of a speech act, and thus provides guidelines as to the interpretation of its ....

....capabilities. The other group of standard agent communication languages, KQML ( Knowledge Query Manipulation Language ) comes in several distinct versions. Some of these are more amenable to use in information centric agent systems. The original version, now referred to as KQML Classic [KQML Classic], has a nested message formulation that is particularly flexible and amenable to various uses among information agents. KQML 93 and its close relative KQML 97 [Lab96] KQML 97] have some problematic features. KQML Lite [KQML Lite] now being developed by DARPA, shows some promise of solving ....

T. Finin and G. Wiederhold, "An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language", 1991. (available through the Stanford University Computer Science Department).

....of selforganising systems and virtual reality to generate visualisations through which the users can navigate and manipulate objects in the visualisation. The system is implemented as a process which communicates with applications (e.g. web browsers and programming environments) using KQML [3]. This provides a degree of application independence and also allows the system to work concurrently with several, possibly heterogeneous, applications and also allows collaborative working between several users. The results that have been produced confirm the intuition that these are powerful ....

....surface 5 The Narcissus system 5.1 Implementation The first implementation of the Narcissus system was as a hard wired visualisation for the SELF [5] programming environment. Since then it has been reimplemented as an independent system which communicates with other applications using KQML [3]. This implementation has been applied to web browsing and to program development. Narcissus itself is independent of the application(s) with which it is being used, although work is required to enable new applications to interact with the system. Figure 7 shows the system working with a modified ....

Finin T., Fritzon R., McKay D. et. al. An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical Report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland. 1992.

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T. Finin, R. Fritzson, and D. McKay et. al. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1992.

....project overview. Technical Report KSL 9171, Stanford University, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, 1991. 13] T. Finin, R. Fritzson, and D. McKay et al. A language and protocol to support intelligent agent interoperability. In Proceedings of the CE CALS Washington 92 Conference, June 1992. [14] T. Finin, R. Fritzson, and D. McKay et al. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1992. 15] Michael R. Genesereth. Designworld. In Proceedings of the 1991 International ....

T. Finin, R. Fritzson, and D. McKay et. al. An overview of KQML: A knowledge query and manipulation language. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1992.

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T. Finin, D. McKay & R. Fritzen, An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, Techn. Report, U. of Maryland, CS Dept, 1992.

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Finin, T. and Wiederhold, G., "An overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language", Dept. of Computer Science, Stanford Univ., 1991.

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