Durfee, Edmund H.; Lesser, Victor R.; Corkill, Daniel D.: Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network, in #5#, pp. 29-58  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... simulation testbed would benefit from the strategies discussed here [Cohen et al. 1989] In other work artificial agents do make inferences explicit by communicating to other agents partial computations when the other agent might have been able to make these computations [Cohen et al. 1989; Durfee et al. 1987; Turner, 1994] In addition, defining inferential complexity as a direct consequence of the number of premises simultaneously in memory bears a strong resemblance to problems artificial processors have when a computation requires a large working set [Stone, 1987] The experimental results should ....

E.H. Durfee, V.R. Lesser, and D.D. Corkill. Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann, 1987.

....defined for DAI purposes so far. 3.1 Cooperation Agents or distributed problemsolvers can coordinate in many different ways they often have to cooperate to solve complex problems. One question now is why should they cooperate or what are the goals of cooperation Durfee, Lesser and Corkill [16] state the following goals: Performance: Working in parallel could improve the performance of the problem solving task. The grade of improvement depends on the structure of the problem to be solved. Alternatives: Allowing agents to form local solutions without being influenced by others ....

....are able to exchange tasks with the purpose that the task is performed by the most capable agent. Time: Coordinating activity with respect to the time agents are waiting for results from each other. Cause these goals conflict with each other, agents could not achieve the goals simultaneously [16]. Depending on the task to be performed and the structure of the problem to be solved the concrete form of cooperation has to be determined for each system uniquely. Cooperation can be done with or without communication. There exist different opinions whether communication is necessary or not ....

Durfee, Edmund H.; Lesser, Victor R.; Corkill, Daniel D.: Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network, in [5], pp. 29-58

....The ViSe2 Multi agent Cooperation System In a ViSe2 multi agentenvironment, there are small numbers of agents organized in a group. Agents in the group are connected by a reliable network and are willing to help each other, meaning that they are benevolent agents #Rosenschein Genesereth 1985# #Durfee, Lesser, Corkill 1987#. Each agent is related to one user and takes the role of experts in one or several application domains. In a user agentinteraction, a user gives the speci#cation of the task what to do, and leaves the details of how to do to the agent. When an agent receives a goal under its problem solving ....

Durfee, E. H.; Lesser, V. R.; and Corkill, D. D. 1987. Cooperation through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network. In Huhns, P., ed., DistributedArti#cial Intelligence, 29#58. Pitman.

....et al. 1992#. Communication Policy Communication policy deals with the decision about what information should be sent, which nodes they are sent to and when they should be sent. Durfee, Lesser and Corkill list several communication policies as: send all, locally complete and locally incomplete #Durfee, Lesser, Corkill 1987#. 2.2.3 Organization and Negotiation in Cooperation As we know, communication is expensive, so we should seek some good organization structure to eliminate the communications among agents. Fox has introduced several organization structures: single person, group, simple hierarchy, ....

Durfee, E. H.; Lesser, V. R.; and Corkill, D. 1987. Cooperation through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network. In Huhns, P., ed., Distributed Arti#cial Intelligence, 29#58. Pitman.

....costs are not negligible, the wider and the more frequent communication is, the worse the entire performance is. Therefore deciding when and with whom to communicate is crucial. Finding an adequate structure of agent groups is an important issue of Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) [4, 8, 10, 16], and there has been some research completed: 1, 2, 15] but few communication strategies have been proposed. In this paper, we propose communication strategies for cooperative search. Under the assumption of homogeneity of agents, which means all agents have the same computational power, our ....

....Sycara et al. researched distributed search [24] They have proposed a method of selecting a piece of information to send among agents. The structure of job assignment to agents is fixed during the execution. Durfee et al. proposed a cooperation method in a distributed vehicle monitoring system [4]. In their model, the search space is divided by view ranges of agents. Information exchanged between agents is row data, the path of a detected vehicle or plan. The abstract level of information affects the performance. This model has two points different from our TSP example. First, tasks for ....

Edmund H. Durfee, Victor R. Lesser, and Daniel D. Corkill. Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network. In Huhns

....Corkill think that Rosenschein and Genesereth [Rosenschein and Genesereth 1985] miscalled the agent that shares some goals a benevolent agent. In contrast, they think that these agents are selfish, because they only take actions that will help them achieve their own interpretation of the goals [Durfee et al. 1987]. 11 1.10 Proposed Definition and Motivations for Benevolent Agents Philosophers and biologists studied the concept of benevolence much earlier than computational and social psychologists. In addition, philosophers and biologists approached and described benevolence differently. They described ....

....to the benevolent or malevolent agent s action than the one it assign to itself. For example, parents selfsacrifice for their child is considered an altruistic action, only because the child views it that way. The parent might have had no other choice due to their genetically ingrained actions [Durfee et al. 1987]. 2.2.2 Social Level Jennings and Campos introduce a Social Level (SL) that describes multiagent systems. SL provides a way to study the behavior of a multiagent system without having to dive into each individual agent implementation. Thus, SL provides us with an easy way to predicate the ....

E. H. Durfee, V. R. Lesser, and D. D. Corkill, "Cooperation Through Communication in Distributed Problem Solving Network," Distributed Artificial Intelligence, M. N. Huhns (ed.), pages 29-58, Kaufmann, San Mateo, California, 1987. 147

....for dynamic modeling. 2 Background 2.1 Modeling Other Agents In general, coordination among agents can be realized only when some agent has some prediction about plans, demands, or action rules of other agents. Previous research in Distributed Sensor Network(DSN) Wesson 81] Lesser 83] Durfee 87] which is one of the applications of DCPS, reported that the most important principles for coordination among nodes is to use models to simulate or predict other nodes. The followings are some of the advantages acquired from modeling other agents [Bond 88] 1. Models of other agents are useful ....

E.H. Durfee, V.R. Lesser, and D.D. Corkill. Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network. In M.N Huhns, editor, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, pages 29--58, Pitman Publishing/Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1987.

....also hard to satisfy because the design makes no prior assumption about the organization of the DES. In the previous approaches to communication problems, different researchers were concerned with the different aspects and different levels of the communication [3, 4] For example, Durfee et al. [5] examined the effect of the communication policies on the coherence of coordination. Carlson et al. 6] defined a communication protocol to minimize network communication overhead. The Rand air traffic control (ATC) 7] worked with the notion of information distribution policies. Werner [8] ....

E. Durfee, V. Lesser, and D. Corkill, Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network, in Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Eds. by M. N. Huhns, Pitman, pp. 29-58, 1987.

....1993) When all roles are assigned, the system should function optimally. Role definition, parameter setting or adjustment in roles and role assignment mechanisms are the main research issues in DPS. A prototypical example of a DPS system is the Distributed Vehicle Monitoring Testbed (DVMT) cf. (Durfee et al. 1987; Durfee et al. 1988) The organizational goal is to identify tracks of vehicles moving on a two dimensional surface. There are a number of locally fixed processors with only a partial and noisy view. To find a global solution, the nodes have to coordinate their activities by exchanging their ....

Durfee, E. H., Lesser, V. R., & Corkill, D. D. (1987). Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In M. N. Huhns (Ed.), Distributed Artificial Intelligence (pp. 29--58). San Mateo, California: Pitman PublishingnMorgan Kaufmann.

....access particular computational resources, but is also a function of the fact that distributed problemsolving architectures often reflect well the domain to which they are being applied. Thus the domain may have multiple sensor inputs and multiple control responses (as in an autonomous vehicle [Durfee 87] or the domain may be distributed logically and or physically (as in a manufacturing enterprise [Buchanan 89] a telecommunications network or a command and control system) The dominant paradigm is one of multiple processes which co operate to produce and maintain some solution in the domain, ....

E H Durfee, V R Lesser and DD Corkhill, Co-operation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem-Solving Network, in [Huhns 87].

....take advantage of the agent wrappers. 4. Discussion This architecture is a practical synthesis of technologies from a variety of efforts and sources, including many of the classic distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) models and systems primarily Contract Net [33, 34] ABE [9, 17] DVMT [7, 8], MACE [13] Agora [2] and agent oriented programming [31] distributed databases and intelligent information systems [3, 4, 6, 30] and research on social communication and coordination, including the coordination model of Linda [14] Hewitt s characterization and exploration of so called open ....

Durfee, E.H., V. Lesser, and D.D. Corkill. 1987. "Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network", in Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Huhns, M.N., ed. p. 29-58. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. Los Altos, CA.

....the usable resources (e.g. scheduling of regular maintenance on the machines) Factory Agents: each factory has an agent that is the factory level scheduler. 3. 0 A Mediated Approach Much coordination work looks at negotiation among agents as the coordination mechanism [Lesser 81] Durfee 87a] Durfee 87b] Durfee 91] In contrast we adopt a mediated approach. Sathi 89] shows that in some cases a mediated solution can be significantly better than a negotiated solution. The problem investigated is resource reallocation where each agent has some resources and needs other resources. Agents sell the ....

Durfee, E.H., Lesser, V.R., and Corkill, D.D. Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network. In Michael N. Huhns (Ed.), Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Volume 1. Pitman Publishing & Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1987, pages 29-58, Chapter 2.

....1 Introduction To solve a problem in a distributed manner is either required or recommended in many applications for a variety of purposes. For instance performance can be improved, solutions can be accepted with more confidence and can be found although an agent may fail [5]. The question how to recognize and manage contradictory information provided by different databases, expert systems, humans or sensors which could belong to different independent agents, is one of the basic questions of Distributed AI. Coordination of conflicting information requires establishing ....

E. Durfee, V.Lesser, D.Corkill. Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving method. In: L.Gasse, M.Huhns: Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Pitman, London, 1987, pp.29-58.

....When all roles are assigned, the system should function optimally. Role definition, parameter setting or adjustment in roles and role assignment mechanisms are the main research issues in DPS. A prototypical example of a DPS system is the Distributed Vehicle Monitoring Testbed (DVMT) cf. [DLC87, DLC88]. The organizational goal is to identify tracks of vehicles moving on a two dimensional surface. There are a number of locally fixed processors with only a partial and noisy view. To find a global solution, the nodes have to coordinate their activities by exchanging their partial solutions, i.e. ....

Edmund H. Durfee, Victor R. Lesser, and Daniel D. Corkill. Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In Michael N. Huhns, editor, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, pages 29--58. Pitman PublishingnMorgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, California, 1987.

....do not make plans but just behave according to their specific program, called eco behavior, which is just a combination of tropisms , i.e. behaviors made of reactions to their environment. In that respect, this approach differs from other distributed approaches, such as distributed planning [Durfee al. 1987] or planning for multiple agents [Katz Rosenschein 1988] where solution is obtained by coordination of the agents local plans. An EPS system is made out of two parts: 1) a domain independent kernel where the eco behaviors are described. It consists in an abstract definition of the eco agents ....

E.H Durfee, V.R. Lesser, D.D. Corkill "Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network" in "Distributed Artificial Intelligence", M. Huhns (Ed) Pitman Publishing,1987.

....by Durfee, Negotiation is the term used in distributed problem solving research to denote the process by which autonomous nodes coordinate their views of the world and act and interact to achieve their goals. 39] Durfee was involved in early work on coordinating distributed problem solvers [33, 40, 41, 34, 36, 43, 42, 38, 35, 37, 44]. The blackboard model originally arose from the HEARSAY II speech understanding systems which were developed between 1971 and 1976 [93] The HEARSAY II project developed a speech recognition for queries made of a database. HASP, an application of ocean surveillance software for passive sonar, was ....

Edmund H. Durfee, Victor R. Lesser, and Daniel D. Corkill. Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In Michael N. Huhns, editor, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Research Notes in Artificial Intelligence, chapter 2, pages 29--58. Pitman Publishing: London and Morgan Kaufmann: San Mateo, CA, 1987.

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Durfee, E.H., V.R. Lesser, and D.D. Corkill (1987a). Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In P.M. Huhns (Ed.), Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Pitman, London. pp. 29-58.

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Durfee, Edmund H.; Lesser, Victor R.; Corkill, Daniel D.: Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network, in #5#, pp. 29-58

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E. H. Durfee, V. R. Lesser, and D. D. Corkill. Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In Michael N. Huhns, editor, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, chapter 2, pages 29--58. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., Los Altos, California, 1987. 52

No context found.

Edmund H. Durfee, Victor R. Lesser, and Daniel D. Corkill. Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In Michael N. Huhns, editor, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, chapter 2, pages 29--58. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., Los Altos, California, 1987.

No context found.

E. H. Durfee, V. R. Lesser and D. D. Corkill, Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem solving network. In M.N. Huhns (ed.) Distributed Artificial Intelligence (Los Altos, California, USA: Morgan Kaufmann, Inc.) 1987, Ch. 2, 29-58.

No context found.

Durfee, E. H., Lesser, V. R., and Corkill, D. D., 1987, "Co-operation through communication in a Distributed Problem-Solving Network", in Huhns, M. N., (ed) 1987, "Distributed Artificial Intelligence", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc, Los Altos CA.

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Durfee, Edmund H., Lesser, Victor R. and Corkill, Daniel D., "Cooperation Through Communication in Distributed Problem Solving Network", Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Michael N. Huhns (editor), Pitman Publishing, London. 1987.

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Durfee, E.H., Lesser, V.R., and Corkill, D.D. Cooperation Through Communication in a Distributed Problem Solving Network. Volume 1. Distributed Artificial Intelligence. In Huhns, M.N., Pitman Publishing & Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1987, pages 29-58, Chapter 2.

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