| W. John Smith. The Behavior of Communicating: An Ethological Approach. Harvard University Press, 1977. |
....a mother bird s feigning injury) Thus, as a second approximation we can say that something is meaningful if it is relevant to the survival of the language community. Additional support for this criterion comes from ethology, which has had to grapple with the problem of defining communication. [5, 9, 28, 30] The means that animals use to communicate, both within and between species, are so varied that identifying an act as communication becomes problematic. One animal scratches the bark of a tree; later another animal notes the scratches and goes a different way. Was it a communication act The first ....
....access to the structure of the simorgs. Simple examples of this kind of analysis are presented in our report. 21] The natural way to interpret the denotation matrix is by rows, which reflects the significance of a symbol to a recipient; ethologists sometimes call this the meaning of a signal. [7, 28, 29, 30] We can also look at the denotation matrix by columns, which shows the situation a signaler was expressing by a symbol; ethologists call this the symbol s message. 7, 28, 29, 30] Sometimes the two are symmetric. For example, in Table 3 the meaning of symbol 4 is usually (86 ) situation 6, and the ....
[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]
Smith, W. J. The Behavior of Communicating: An Ethological Approach. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1977, Ch. 1. For message/meaning analysis see p. 19.
....is telling us something if only we pay attention. Where and how our attentional and perceptual resources are directed depends strongly upon our motivation or intentional state. The ethological literature is replete with examples of sensed information providing cues for evoking behavior (e.g. [19,20]) Indeed, evolution has provided biological agents with highly tuned apparatae to efficiently pick up the information necessary to carry out useful actions. Looming and prey detectors [13] for guiding visual response in the frog are good examples. In recognition behavior, we find that some ....
Smith, W.J., The Behavior of Communicating: An Ethological Approach, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1977.
No context found.
W. John Smith. The Behavior of Communicating: An Ethological Approach. Harvard University Press, 1977.
No context found.
W. John Smith. The Behavior of Communicating: An Ethological Approach. Harvard, 1977.
Online articles have much greater impact More about CiteSeer.IST Add search form to your site Submit documents Feedback
CiteSeer.IST - Copyright Penn State and NEC