Brown, Peter, Stephen Della Pietra, Vincent Della Pietra, and Robert Mercer (1991). "WordSense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods", in Proceedings of ACL91. Berkeley CA.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....Improvements to the basic algorithm are described, which enable context to be accounted for when constructing the noun phrase mappings. INTRODUCTION Areas of investigation using bilingual corpora have included the following: Automatic sentence alignment [Kay. and RSscheisen, 1988, Brown et al. 1991a, Gale and Church, 1991b] Word sense disambiguation IDagan el al. 1991, Brown et ai. 1991b, Church and Gale, 1901] Extracting word correspondences [Gale and Church, 1991a] Finding bilingual collocations [Smadja, 1992] Estimating parameters for statistically based machine translation ....

....for when constructing the noun phrase mappings. INTRODUCTION Areas of investigation using bilingual corpora have included the following: Automatic sentence alignment [Kay. and RSscheisen, 1988, Brown et al. 1991a, Gale and Church, 1991b] Word sense disambiguation IDagan el al. 1991, Brown et ai. 1991b, Church and Gale, 1901] Extracting word correspondences [Gale and Church, 1991a] Finding bilingual collocations [Smadja, 1992] Estimating parameters for statistically based machine translation [Brown et al. 1992] The work described here makes use of the aligned Canadian Hansards [Gale ....

P. F. Brown, S. A. Della Pietra, V. J. Delia Pietra, and R. L. Mercer. Word sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics, pages 264-270, Berkeley, CA., June 1991.

....have sufficient statistics that are lower order marginal distributions. In the future, we will investigate other goodness of fit tests ( 18] 1] 22] that are perhaps more appropriate for sparse data. The Experiment Unlike several previous approaches to word sense disambiguation ( 29] [5], 7] 10] nothing in this approach limits the selection of sense tags to a particular number or type of meaning distinctions. In this study, our goal was to address a non trivial case of ambiguity, but one that would allow some comparison of results with previous work. As a result of these ....

Brown, P., Della Pietra, S., Della Pietra, V., and Mercer, R. (1991). Word Sense Disambigua- tion Using Statistical Methods. Proceedings of the gth Annual Meeting of the Association for Com- putational Linguistics (ACL-gl), pp. 264-304.

....achieves disambiguation by using a parameterized model, in which the parameters are estimated and tuned from a training corpus. In such a way, the system can be easily scaled up and well trained based on the well established theories. However, statistical approaches reported in the literature [4,5,6,7] usually use only surface level information, e.g. collocations and word associations, without taking structure information, such as syntax and thematic role, into consideration. In general, the structure features that 113 characterize long distance dependency, can provide more relevant ....

Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vicent J. Della Pietra, and Robert L. Mercer. "Wordsense disambiguation using statistical methods." In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 264-270, 1992.

....Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 Internet: sfc calliope.harvard.edu Abstract In this paper, we describe a fast algorithm for aligning sentences with their translations in a bilingual corpus. Existing efficient algorithms ig nore word identities and only consider sentence length (Brown et al. 1991b; Gale and Church, 1991) Our algorithm constructs a simple statisti cal word to word translation model on the fly during alignment. We find the alignment that maximizes the probability of generating the corpus with this translation model. We have achieved an error rate of approximately 0.4 on ....

....indepen dent. I Introduction In this paper, we describe an algorithm for aligning sentences with their translations in a bilingual corpus. Aligned bilingual corpora have proved useful in many tasks, including machine transla tion (Brown et al. 1990; Sadlet, 1989) sense disambiguation (Brown et al. 1991a; Dagan et al. 1991; Gale et al. 1992) and bilingual lexicography (Klavans and Tzoukermann, 1990; Warwick and Russell, 1990) The task is difficult because sentences frequently do not align one to one. Sometimes sentences align many to one, and often there are deletions in The author wishes ....

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Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. DellaPietra, Vincent J. DellaPietra, and Robert L. Mercer. Word sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proceedings 9th Annu- al Meeting of the ACL, pages 265-270, Berkeley, CA, June 1991.

.... Kelly and Stone [22] consider hand constructed disambiguation rules, Lesk [27] Krovetz and Croft [24] and Guthrie et al. 15] use online dictionaries, I Iirst [20] constructs knowledge bases, Cottrell [4] uses syntactic and semantic struc ture encoded in a connectionist net, Brown et al. [1] and Church and Gale [3] exploit bilingual corpora, Dagan et al. 7] use a bilingual dictionary, Hearst [lSl aria t, eacock et al. 261 exploit a hand labeled training set, and Yarowsky [41] performs a computation based on Roget s the saurus. McRoy [28] investigates how multiple knowledge sources ....

Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, and Robert L. Mercer. Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proceedings of A CL 9, 1991.

....fashion. This algorithm has the advantage of being able to handle a large set of features, and at the same time not ordinarily be a#ected by features that are irrelevant to the disambiguation decision. See (Golding and Roth, 1996) For word sense disambiguation methods, see also (Black, 1988; Brown et al. 1991; Guthrie et al. 1991; Gale, Church, and Yarowsky, 1992; McRoy, 1992; Leacock, Towell, and Voorhees, 1993; Yarowsky, 1993; Bruce and Wiebe, 1994; Niwa and Nitta, 1994; Voorhees, Leacock, and Towell, 1995; Yarowsky, 1995; Golding and Schabes, 1996; Ng and Lee, 1996; Fujii et al. 1996; Schutze, ....

Brown, Peter, Stephen Della Pietra, Vincent Della Pietra, and Robert Mercer. 1991. Word sense disambiguation using statistical methods. Proceedings of Annual the 29th Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 264--270.

....have sufficient statistics that are lower order marginal distributions. In the furture, we will investigate other goodness of fit tests ( 18] 1] 22] that are perhaps more appropriate for sparse data. The Experiment Unlike several previous approaches to word sense disam biguation ( 29] [5], 7] 10] nothing in this approach limits the selection of sense tags to a particular number or type of meaning distinctions. In this study, our goal was to address a non trivial case of ambiguity, but one that would allow some comparison of results with previous work. As a result of these ....

....Previous Work Many researches have avoided characterizing the interactions among multiple contextual features by considering only one feature in determining the sense of an biguous word. Techniques for identifving the optimum feature to use in disambiguating a word are presented in [7] 30] and [5]. Other works consider multiple con textual features in performing disambiguation without formally characterizing the relationships among the fea tures. The majority of these efforts ( 13] 31] weight each feature in predicting the sense of an ambiguous word in accordance with frequency ....

Brown, P., Della Pietra, S., Della Pietra, V., and Mercer, R. (1991). Word Sense Disambigua- tion Using Statistical Methods. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Con,- putational Linguistics (A CL-91), pp. 264-304.

....same collection is being used for both disambiguation and retrieval, so domain relevance of the filtering process is guaranteed. In this light, the translation disambiguation problem bears a strong resemblence to term disambiguation in a 18 monolingual setting. In fact, a number of researchers [8, 3] have used cross language relationships to help with disambiguation. Given the limited success of term disambiguation as a tool for IR [23] there is some question about whether we can hope to gain any benefits out of translation filtering. Translation disambiguation may well work better as an ....

P.F. Brown, S.A. Della Pietra, V.J. Della Pietra, and R.L. Mercer. Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proc. of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), pages 169--176, 1991.

....idea that the presence of certain words near the ambiguous one will be a good indicator of its most likely sense. The second type of constraint can be obtained when pairs of translations of the word in an aligned bilingual corpus are considered. Research performed at IBM in the early 1990s [7] applied a statistical method using as parameters the context in which the ambiguous word appeared. Seven factors were considered: the words immediately to the left or to the right to the ambiguous word, the first noun and the first verb both to the left and to the right, as well as the tense of ....

Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, and Robert L. Mercer. Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 264--270, Berkeley, California, 1991.

.... used for statistical machine translation (Berger et al. 1996) word alignment of a translation corpus (Melamed, 2000) multilingual document retrieval (Franz et al. 1999) automatic dictionary construction (Resnik and Melamed, 1997) and data preparation for word sense disambiguation programs (Brown et al. 1991). Developing a better TM is a fundamental issue for those applications. Researchers at IBM first described such a statistical TM in (Brown et al. 1988) Their models are based on a string to string noisy channel model. The channel converts a sequence of words in one language (such as English) ....

P. Brown, J. Cocke, S. Della Pietra, F. Jelinek, R. Mercer, and P. Roossin. 1991. Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In ACL-91.

....recently reawakened and is found to be effective. This type of approach overcomes the limitation of syntactic knowledge mentioned above while avoiding the complexity of modelling and compiling semantic and pragmatic knowledge. Yarowsky, 1992) Dagan and Itai, 1994) Justeson and Katz, 1995) and (Brown et al. 1991) have show that this approach is feasible and gives reasonable results even in unconstrained input text from a broad domain. The de nition of word sense ambiguities will be discussed in section 2. Section 3 will outline di erent aspects of the statistical approach to WSD. The methods proposed by ....

....and gives reasonable results even in unconstrained input text from a broad domain. The de nition of word sense ambiguities will be discussed in section 2. Section 3 will outline di erent aspects of the statistical approach to WSD. The methods proposed by (Dagan and Itai, 1994) Yarowsky, 1992) (Brown et al. 1991) will be brie y described in sections 4 6. This is followed by a comparative analysis of all these methods in section 7. 2 Word Sense Ambiguities Words in natural language (or lexical in linguistic terminology) can be polysemous. Consequencely, Natural Language Understanding and Information ....

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Brown, P., Della Pietra, S., Della Pietra, V., and Mercer, R. (1991). Word sense disambiguation using statistical methods. Proceedings, Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 264-270.

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Brown, Peter, Stephen Della Pietra, Vincent Della Pietra, and Robert Mercer (1991). "WordSense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods", in Proceedings of ACL91. Berkeley CA.

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Brown, P. F., S. D. Pietra, V. J. D. Pietra, and R. L. Mercer: 1991, `Word-Sense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods'. In: Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. pp. 264--270.

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P. F. Brown, S. A. Della Pietra, V.J Della Pietra, R. L. Mercer. 1991. Word Sense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of ALC, pages 264-270.

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P.F. Brown, S.A. Della Pietra, V.J Della Pietra, R.L. Mercer. Word Sense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of ALC, pp. 264-270, 1991.

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Brown P., Della Pietra S., Della Pietra V. and Mercer R. (1991) Word sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of ACL, Berkeley, pp. 264-270.

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Brown, P., Della Pietra, S., Della Pietra, V., and Mercer, R. (1991). Word-sense disambiguation using statistical method. ACL, 29, 139--145.

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Brown, P. F., S. A. della Pietra, V. J. della Pietra, and R. L. Mercer (1991). Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proc. 29th ACL, Berkeley, California, pp. 264--270.

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Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, and Robert L. Mercer. 1991. Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), Berkely, CA.

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Brown, Peter F., Pietra, Stephen A., Della, Pietra, Della, Vincent J., and Mercer, Robert L., 1991. Word-Sense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Conference of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 264-270, Berkeley, CA.

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Brown, P.F., Della Pietra, S., Della Pietra, V. & Mercer, R.L., 1991 Word Sense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods. Proc. 29 th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, (pp.265---270), Berkeley, USA.

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Brown, Peter, Stephen Della Pietra, Vincent Della Pietra, and Robert Mercer, "Word Sense Disambiguation using Statistical Methods," Proceedings of the 9th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 264-270, 1991.

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Brown, P., Della Pietra, V. and Mercer, R. (1992). "Word Sense Disambiguation Using Statistical Methods." Proceedings of the 30th ACL, pages 264-270.

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P. Brown, S. Della Pietra, V. Della Pietra, and R. Mercer. Word sense disambiguation using sta- tistical methods. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 264-270, Berkeley, 1991.

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P. F. Brown, S. Della Pietra, V. Della Pietra, R. Mercer, "Word Sense Disambiguation using Statistical Methods", Proceedings of the gth Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Berkeley, Ca., 1991.

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