W. Barfield, D. Zelter, T.B. Sheridan, M. Slater, Presence and performance within virtual environments, in Virtual environments and advanced interface design, (Eds.: W. Barfield, T.A. Furness), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....Displays 18 (1998) 207 214 Perceived depth and the feeling of presence in 3DTV Wijnand IJsselsteijn a , Huib de Ridder a, Roelof Hamberg a, Don Bouwhuis , Jonathan Freeman t 7PO, Center fir Research on User System Interaction, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands bDepartment qf P.ychology, University of Esscv, Wivenhoe Park, Coh hester C04 3SQ. UK Abstract The present study investigates the subjective 1 eeling of presence elicited by 3DTV and its relationship to perceived depth and image content. Subjective methods ....

....Displays 18 (1998) 207 214 Perceived depth and the feeling of presence in 3DTV Wijnand IJsselsteijn a , Huib de Ridder a, Roelof Hamberg a, Don Bouwhuis , Jonathan Freeman t 7PO, Center fir Research on User System Interaction, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands bDepartment qf P.ychology, University of Esscv, Wivenhoe Park, Coh hester C04 3SQ. UK Abstract The present study investigates the subjective 1 eeling of presence elicited by 3DTV and its relationship to perceived depth and image content. Subjective methods of ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

W. Barfield, D. Zeltzer, T.B. Sheridan, M. Slater. Presence and performance within virtual environments, in: W. Barfield. T.A. Furness IlI feds.), Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995.

....accuracy, which is similar to speed in that it is simple to measure and is quantitative. But in human computer interaction (HCI) we also want to consider more abstract performance values, such as ease of use, ease of learning, and user comfort. For virtual environments in particular, presence [8] might be a valuable measure. These values refer to the performance of the technique, rather than human performance, but are important nonetheless. The choice of interaction technique could conceivably affect all of these, and they should not be discounted. We should remember that the reason we ....

W. Barfield, D. Zeltzer, T. Sheridan & M. Slater (1995) Presence and performance within virtual environments. In: Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design (W. Barfield and T. Furness, eds). Oxford University Press, Oxford.

....to which the environment itself appears to know that you are there and to react to you. 2.2 MEASURING PRESENCE As described in the previous paragraph, presence is very much a subjective concept. Measuring presence is therefore a difficult task, although several approaches have been suggested [20][2]: 1. Participants reported sense of presence This is the most widely applied method, although very dependent on the participants own subjective perception. Often questionnaires are used, but also attempts have been made to measure presence by letting the participant operate a continuous slider ....

Barfield, W., Sheridan, T., Zeltzer, D., Slater, M., Presence and performance within virtual environments, Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, Oxford University Press, 1995

....have shown an immersive VE can produce results for psychological therapy which are similar or equivalent to those achieved when a physical environment is used. Another issue that has intrigued researchers is the measurement of presence, or immersion. Barfield has attempted in several studies (Barfield et al., 1995) to relate the level of presence to task performance. Slater s work (Slater, Usoh, and Steed, 1994, 1995) has examined the effects of various display modalities, interaction techniques, and system algorithms on the reported level of presence. One problem with this type of research is the lack of a ....

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., and Slater, M. (1995). Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments. In Barfield, W., and Furness, T. (Eds.)Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. Oxford University Press.

.... agents according to user tasks and goals 88 [Ishizaki, 1996] Table 7 : Some Usability Issues of VE Agent Representation and Presentation Virtual Surrounding and Setting Label Usability Suggestion Consideration Page(s) Bibliography Ref(s) Setting1 Use setting to increase user presence 88 [Barfield et al. 1995] Setting2 Exploit real world experience, by mapping desired functionality to everyday items (e.g. clock to convey time) 88 [Neale and Carroll, 1997] Setting3 Use relevant settings that suggest user activity and tasks 89 Setting4 Employ rendering techniques that support detailed ....

....That is, a user s behavior within a VE is a#ected by the environment in which the user is placed. For example, an aircraft cockpit suggests flying a plane and an operating room environment suggests surgical training. In turn, a relevant setting may increase user presence and immersion #Setting1# [Barfield et al. 1995]. Furthermore, components of the environment may suggest activity as well, via real world metaphor of functionality #Setting2# [Neale and Carroll, 1997] Thus, users can expect that a virtual flashlight will provide lighting, a virtual clock 7 THE VIRTUAL MODEL 89 will provide the current time, ....

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., and Slater, M. (1995). Presence and performance within virtual environments. In Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, chapter 12, pages 473--513. Oxford University Press.

....of few software support efforts. Instead, developers have generally relied on ad hoc techniques to produce the software necessary for users to interact with the system and the objects in the virtual world. For some applications, this is sufficient, as in cases where the users sense of presence [3] within the VE is the most important factor, and little interaction besides head tracking and perhaps some travel technique is required. This is true of such applications as virtual exposure therapy [15] or architectural walkthrough [9] On the other hand, in order to create interactively ....

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., and Slater, M. Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments. In Barfield, W. and Furness, T. (Eds.) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. Oxford University Press, 1995.

....with no support below it can be maintained. In the VE, a virtual chair and legs may be seen, providing users with a sort of virtual body even though their legs and feet are not actually being tracked. It has been shown that the use of a virtual body can lead to an increased sense of immersion (Barfield et al., 1995) . Seven locations were chosen in the VE which allowed interesting views of the Aquatic Center and related to information we wished to present. By selecting a menu item or spatial hyperlink (see below) on the tablet, users can travel to one of these positions. The system could teleport users ....

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., & Slater, M. (1995). Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments. In W. Barfield & T. Furness (Eds.), Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. Oxford University Press.

....We are interested in techniques which will enhance the information retained from the experience for later application to the real world in a simulation scenario such as the one of the Travel Rehearsal application. In this effort we propose techniques which can increase the behavioural presence (Barfield et al. 1995), Slater et al. 1995) We have developed a set of interactive tools to enhance communication and awareness, based around the concept of the lost traveller in VE who encounters another participant (the helper) and proceeds to obtain directions. During such human encounters a number of modes of ....

Barfield W, Sheridan T., Zeltzer D., Slater M. (1995). Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments, in W. Barfield and T. Furness (eds) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, Oxford University Press.

....the communication axis , our solution is a single user system. Finally, in terms of the application axis , our training system provides modelling of anatomy geometric modelling as well as behaviour modelling of the surgical tools. Chapter 5 WebSTer user interface 5. 1 Introduction Barfield [33] presents the components of the virtual environment from a different perspective to the one we presented in section (2.1.1) According to him the virtual environment consists of hardware and software to model and render images, a physical interface to present the environment to the human senses ....

W. Barfield, D. Zeltzer, T. Sheridan, and M. Slater. Presence and performance within virtual environments. In W. Barfield and T. Furness, editors, Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, chapter 12, pages 473--513. Oxford University Press, 1995. BIBLIOGRAPHY 169

....Peter Wright Department of Computer Science University of York York YO10 5DD, UK shamus, tmarsh, duke, pcw cs.york.ac. uk Abstract It is commonly believed, but not proven, that virtual reality attains its power by captivating the user s attention to induce a sense of immersion [1] and presence [2]. This is what sets virtual reality apart from other interface metaphors. However, both these terms have been liberally used to varying degrees within the virtual reality literature. This paper attempts to step back from the technological issues of immersion and to look at some of the basics of ....

....etc. presence. 2 1.a. The fact or condition of being present; being there. 1.b An instance of being present. 1. Introduction It is commonly believed, but not proven, that virtual reality attains its power by captivating the user s attention to induce a sense of immersion [1] and presence [2]. This is what sets virtual reality apart from other interface metaphors. However, both these terms have been liberally used to varying degrees within the VR literature. Sometimes only immersion is used to encompass both terms and sometimes a further split into physical and mental components of ....

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., and Slater, M. Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments, in Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, W. Barfield and T.A. Furness III (Eds). 1995, Oxford University Press: Oxford. p. 473-513. 8 UK-VRSIG'98

....three related issues which have compounded to blur or confuse our understanding of virtual reality. 2.1 Terminology There is no universally accepted definition of virtual reality that yet exists. Virtual reality is referred to by various terms: artificial reality [1] 2] virtual environments [3], spatial immersion [4] etc. It would seem that each writer or researcher on the subject identifies with a particular term, or even invents a new term, that will best describe or represent their own views of virtual reality. For example, Barfield et al. prefer to identify with the terms virtual ....

....a new term, that will best describe or represent their own views of virtual reality. For example, Barfield et al. prefer to identify with the terms virtual presence and virtual environments because they regard the terms virtual reality and artificial reality to be linguistically self contradictory [3]. 2.2 Identification The vast array of virtual reality enabling technologies means that virtual reality comes in many guises for which there is no dominant paradigm. Besides the easily recognised virtual reality configuration, say composed of, a HMD displaying a 3D computer generated graphical ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

Barfield W., D. Zeltzer, T. Sheridan, and M. Slater, Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments, In Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, W. Barfield, T. A. Furness. III, (eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995.

....of Virtual Environments Martin Usoh, Christina Alberto, Mel Slater Department of Computer Science University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT U.K. Abstract Previous research has suggested that presence in a virtual environment (VE) is important for several reasons (Sheridan, 1992; Barfield et al. 1995; Slater et al. 1996) A highly present individual is more likely to behave in the VE in a manner similar to their behaviour in similar circumstances in everyday reality. Therefore, an immersive virtual environment (IVE) may be a useful system for training and skill acquisition, where to train or ....

....produced stimuli are processed and interpreted by a participant. We will now discuss these in more detail. 4. 1 Immersion and exogenous factors Although the exogenous factors that influence a participant s sense of incorporation in the virtual environment have been discussed by many researchers (Barfield et al. 1995; Barfield and Weghorst, 1993; Heeter, 1993; Held and Durlach, 1992; Loomis, 1992; Sheridan, 1992) their exact nature and degree still remains unclear. However, they are generally related to the extent to which the environment looks and behaves realistically. They also relate directly to the ....

Barfield W, Sheridan T, Zeltzer D, Slater M (1995) Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments, in W. Barfield and T. Furness (eds) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, Oxford University Press.

....responses, such as evaluations of their sense of being there , or the realism of the virtual environment. 2.2 Presence and Task Performance It is sometimes argued that it is important to study presence because of the potential relationship between presence and performance. For example, in (Barfield, Sheridan, Zeltzer, Slater, 1995) we find: Not only is it necessary to develop a theory of presence for virtual environments, it is also necessary to develop a basic research program to investigate the relationship between presence and performance using virtual environments. we need to determine when, and under what ....

Barfield, W. Sheridan, T., Zeltzer, D. and Slater, M. (1995) Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments, in W. Barfield and T. Furness (eds) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, Oxford University Press.

No context found.

W. Barfield, D. Zelter, T.B. Sheridan, M. Slater, Presence and performance within virtual environments, in Virtual environments and advanced interface design, (Eds.: W. Barfield, T.A. Furness), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995.

No context found.

W. Barfield, D. Zeltzer, T.B. Sheridan, and M. Slater. Presence and performance within virtual environments, chapter Virtual environments and advance interface design, pages 473--541. Oxford University Press, 1995.

No context found.

Barfield, W, Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., Slater, M., "Presence and performance within virtual environments", in W. Barfield & T. Furness (Eds.), Virtual environments and advanced interface design, New York, Oxford, 473-513, 1995.

No context found.

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T.B., & Slater, M., (1995). Presence and performance within virtual environments. In Barfield, W., & Furness III, T.A. (eds.) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

No context found.

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T.B., & Slater, M. "Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments," In Barfield, W., & Furness III, T.A. (eds.) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

No context found.

W. Barfield, D. Zeltzer, T. Sheridan, and M. Slater. Presence and performance within virtual environments. In W. Barfield and T. A. Furness III, editors, Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, pages 473--

No context found.

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., and Slater, M. (1995). Presence and performance within virtual environments. In Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, chapter 12, pages 473--513. Oxford University Press.

No context found.

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., & Slater, M. (1995). Presence and Performance Within Virtual Environments. In W. Barfield & T. Furness (Eds.), Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. Oxford University Press.

No context found.

Barfield, W., Zeltzer, D., Sheridan, T., and Slater, M. (1995). Presence and performance within virtual environments. In Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, chapter 12, pages 473--513. Oxford University Press.

No context found.

Barfield W, Sheidan T, Zeltzer D, Slater M, 1995, Presence and Performance within Virtual Environments, in W. Barfield and T. Furness (eds) Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design, Oxford University Press.

Online articles have much greater impact   More about CiteSeer.IST   Add search form to your site   Submit documents   Feedback  

CiteSeer.IST - Copyright Penn State and NEC