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B. Widrow, I. Kollr, and M.- C. Liu "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, 45(2), pp. 353- 361, 1996.

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Blind Adaptive Equalization of Mismatch Errors in.. - Elbornsson.. (2003)   Self-citation (Liu)   (Correct)

....accuracy. The random errors in an A D converter that are discussed in this paper are . Quantization noise This is a deterministic error, if the input signal is known. But for most signals it can be treated as additive white noise uncorrelated with the input signal and with uniform distribution [10]. Random jitter Due to noise in the clock signal there is a random error on the sampling instances [11] These errors can be treated as Gaussian white noise on the sampling instances. II. NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS We will in this section introduce the notation that will be used in this ....

B. Widrow, I. Kollar, and M.-C. Liu, "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 353--361, April 1996.


ADC System - Part II: Analysis and Examples - Elbornsson, Gustafsson, Eklund   Self-citation (Liu)   (Correct)

....input signal is a single sinusoid. The distortion is caused by mismatch errors. Quantization noise This is a deterministic error, if the input signal is known. However, for most signals it can be treated as additive white noise uncorrelated with the input signal and with uniform distribution [4]. Random jitter Due to noise in the clock signal there is a random error on the sampling instances [5] These errors can be treated as Gaussian white noise on the sampling instances. II. NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS We will in this section introduce the notation that will be used in this paper. ....

B. Widrow, I. Kollar, and M.-C. Liu, "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 353--361, April 1996.


Dithering for Floating-Point Number Representation - Dunay, Kollar, Widrow (1998)   Self-citation (Widrow)   (Correct)

....generated to be independent of the input signal x. Whenever a signal is properly band limited, it can be perfectly represented by its samples. When a proper dither signal is applied, the quantization theorem is satisfied at the quantizer input, that is, the noise model can be applied (Fig. 2, see [19]) and the moments of the input signal x d can be perfectly expressed by moments of the output signal, via Sheppard s corrections. It is also possible that for some dither types, only a few selected Sheppard corrections can be applied, like the first one for uniform dither between ( Gammaq=2; ....

....quantization is shown in Fig. 3. The quantum size increases gradually with increasing signal amplitudes. Therefore, uniform quantization theory cannot be directly applied. A possibility to establish a relationship with uniform quantization is to use the so called compandor concept as in [19]: floating point quantization is transformed to a fixed point one by means of a compressor before, and an expandor after a fixed point quantizer (Fig. 4b) Both nonlinear elements are stepwise linear (see Fig. 5) approximating a logarithmic and an exponential characteristics, respectively. By ....

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B. Widrow, I. Kollar, and M.-C. Liu, "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 353-- 61, 1995.


Reconstruction of Multi-Stage Vector Quantized Sources over.. - Lahouti, Khandani (2004)   (Correct)

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B. Widrow, I. Kollr, and M.- C. Liu "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, 45(2), pp. 353- 361, 1996.


Reconstruction of Multi-Stage Vector Quantized Sources over.. - Lahouti, Khandani (2004)   (Correct)

No context found.

B. Widrow, I. Kollr, and M.- C. Liu "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, 45(2), pp. 353- 361, 1996.


Performance Analysis of Information Hiding - Shuichi Shimizu Ibm (2002)   (1 citation)  (Correct)

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B. Widrow, I. Kollar, and M. Liu, "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement 45(6), pp. 353--361, 1995.


Spatially Adaptive High-Resolution Image.. - Park, Kang, Segall.. (2004)   (Correct)

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B. Widrow, I. Kollar, and M.-C. Liu, "Statistical theory of quantization," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 45, pp. 353--361, Apr. 1996.

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