Deneubourg, J. and Goss, S. 1984. Collective patterns and decisionmaking. Ethology, Ecology, and Evolution, 1:295--311.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....introduced by Dorigo et al. 10] is a cooperative heuristic searching algorithm inspired by the ethological study on the behavior of ants. It was observed that ants who lack sophisticated vision could manage to establish the optimal path between their colony and the food source. The study [9] found that the ants use pheromone trails to communicate information amongst themselves. Though any single ant moves essentially at random, it will make a decision on its direction based on the strength of the pheromone on the paths that lie before it. As an ant traverses a path, it reinforces ....

J. L. Deneubourg and S. Goss. Collective Patterns and Decision Making. Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, 1:295--311, 1989.

....introduced by Dorigo et al. 8] is a cooperative heuristic searching algorithm inspired by the ethological study on the behavior of ants. It was observed that ants who lack sophisticated vision could manage to establish the optimal path between their colony and the food source. The study [6] found that the ants use pheromone trails to communicate information amongst themselves. Though any single ant moves essentially at random, it will make a decision on its direction based on the strength of the pheromone on the paths that lie before it. As an ant traverses a path, it reinforces ....

J. L. Deneubourg and S. Goss. Collective Patterns and Decision Making. Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, 1:295--311, 1989.

....other features like responding to internal perturbations and external challenges and the failure of one or several individuals doesn t jeopardize a colony s functioning as a whole. A two bridge experiment demonstrates the distributed problem solving and self organizing ability of social insects [6, 7]. When a food source is separated from an insect nest by two bridges X and Y, where X being longer than Y, then the shorter bridge Y is selected by the colony (if X is sufficiently longer than Y) This is attributed to the trail laying and trail following characteristic of ants in which ants lay a ....

J.L. Deneuborg, S. Goss, "Collective Patterns and decision making," Ethology Ecology And Evolution 1, pp. 295-311, 1989.

....4 et al. 1998] to solve a generalized flexible shop scheduling problem drawn encountered in a Spanish company. Ant colony optimization The ant colony optimization metaheuristic (Colorni et al. 1991] Dorigo [1992] was inspired by studies of the behavior of ants (Deneubourg et al. 1983] Deneubourg Goss, 1989]; Goss et al., 1990] Ants communicate among themselves through pheromone, a substance they deposit on the ground in variable amounts as they move about. It has been observed that the more ants use a particular path, the more pheromone is deposited on that path and the more it becomes attractive ....

Deneubourg J.L., Goss S. [1989], Collective patterns and decision-making, Ethology & Evolution, 1, 295-311.

....that compare our results to those found using other metaheuristics. 3. Ant colony optimization (ACO) 3. 1 The basic algorithm This metaheuristic was first introduced in the doctoral thesis of Marco Dorigo [1992] and was inspired by the behaviour of real ants [Deneubourg et al. 1983] [Deneubourg Goss, 1989] [Goss et al. 1990] Ants communicate through pheromone, a deposit that they leave on the ground in varying intensities as they move about. As more ants use the same path, the more pheromone is deposited. Ants tend to follow these pheromone trails and in this manner, they communicate with ....

Deneubourg J.L., Goss S., [1989], Collective patterns and decision-making, Ethology & Evolution, 1, 295-311.

....the good performance of ACO in nding good solutions to the TSP. KEYWORDS : Combinatorial Optimization; Traveling Salesman Problem; Heuristics; Ant Colony Optimization; Genetic Algorithm. 1. Introduction Social insects ants, bees, termites and wasps exhibit a collective problemsolving ability (Deneubourg and Goss, 1989; Bonabeau ## ###, 1997) In particular, several ant species are capable of selecting the shortest pathway, among a set of alternative pathways, from their nest to a food source (Beckers ## ###, 1990) Ants deployachemical trail (or ######### trail) as they walk; this trail attracts other ants to ....

Deneubourg, J.-L. and Goss, S. (1989). Collective patterns and decision making. Ethol. Ecol. and Evol. #, 295-311.

.... possible and apparently very promising pathway is to use economic or financial metaphors to solve problems (Kephart et al. 1989; Huberman et al. 1997) Recent research in ethology suggests that self organization is a major component of a wide range of collective phenomena in social insects (Deneubourg Goss, 1989; Bonabeau et al. 1997a) Theories of self organization, originally developed in the context of physics and chemistry to describe the emergence of macroscopic patterns out of processes and interactions defined at the microscopic level, can be extended to social insects to show that complex ....

....extended to social insects to show that complex collective behavior may emerge from interactions among individuals that exhibit simple behavior. A good illustration of the self organized, distributed problem solving ability of social insects is the binary bridge experiment (Beckers et al. 1990; Deneubourg Goss, 1989): in experiments with the ant Linepithema humile, a food source is separated from the nest by a bridge with two branches A and B, with branch B being r times longer than branch A (Fig. 1a) It is observed that in most experiments, the short branch is selected by 5 the colony if r is sufficiently ....

Deneubourg, J.-L. & Goss, S. (1989). Collective patterns and decision making. Ethol. Ecol. & Evol. 1, 295-311.

.... Beni 1993) etc. Many Alife researchers have focused on modeling colonies of ant like agents (Corbara, Drogoul, Fresneau Lalande 1993, Colorni, Dorigo Maniezzo 1 1992, Drogous, Ferber, Corbara Fresneau 1992, Travers 1988) and some have experimented with both live and simulated ants (Deneubourg Goss 1989, Deneubourg, Goss, Franks, Sendova Franks, Detrain Chretien 1990, Deneubourg, Theraulax Beckers 1992) Related work, including Assad Packard (1992) and Hogeweg Hesper (1985) demonstrated simulations of other simple organisms producing complex behaviors emerging from simple interactions, ....

Deneubourg, J.-L. & Goss, S. (1989), Collective Patterns and Decision-Making, in `Ethology, Ecology and Evolution 1', pp. 295--311.

.... It has been well studied empirically not only in ant societies [91] but also in many other biological multi element systems [10] It is also well understood theoretically in terms of the more general theory of self organisation [89] The phenomenon has been shown in simulation studies [108] [29], 32] and recently on physical robots [14] The temporary structure in the case of path formation in ant societies is a chemical pheromone gradient deposited in the environment. Ants are attracted to the pheromone and therefore have a tendency to aggregate along the path. Ants deposit the ....

Deneubourg, J-L. and S. Goss (1990) Collective patterns and decision making. Ecology, Ethology and Evolution. Vol 1. p. 295-311.

....Convergence Other Movement Types Mobile Multiagent Robot Tasks Figure 5.1: Mobile Multiagent Task Taxonomy. large prey [21] and gathering for protection, both in amorphous groups such as flocks of birds or fish, and in defensive circles, as demonstrated by elephants, bison, and quail [17]. The second classification type considered is whether the agents are moving to positions of coverage convergence or moving while maintaining these positions relative to each other. In movement to (Mt) tasks, the robots are either in the process of spreading out to cover an area or gathering in ....

J. Deneubourg and S. Goss. Collective patterns and decision-making. In Proc. of the International Conference on Evolution and Ecology of Social Behaviour, 1988.

....systems. Alife work relevant to this thesis features simulations of colonies of ant like agents, as described by Corbara, Drogoul, Fresneau Lalande (1993) Colorni, Dorigo Maniezzo (1992) Drogous, Ferber, Corbara Fresneau (1992) Travers (1988) and many others. Deneubourg et al. 1990) Deneubourg Goss (1989), and Deneubourg, Goss, Pasteels, Fresneau Lachaud (1987) have experimented with real and simulated ant colonies and examined the role of simple control rules and limited communication in producing trail formation and task sharing. Deneubourg, Theraulax Beckers (1992) define some key terms in ....

Deneubourg, J.-L. & Goss, S. (1989), Collective Patterns and Decision-Making, in `Ethology, Ecology and Evolution 1', pp. 295--311.

....the many social phenomena it displays and the physiological properties of organs and tissues. These behavioral attributes of the superorganism are an emergent property resulting from the interaction of the colony s many members each displaying their own simple repertoire [43] Deneubourg and Goss [14] raise the question of whether the colony s behavioral complexity lies within the individual members or between them Being able to deduce collective activity from individual behavior is one of the main problems faced by behavioral biologists; since as Pasteels et al. pointed out collective ....

....of which the nest is built has been carried separately and placed by a termite perhaps half a centimeter long. The mechanism involved in this task achieving collective behavior is allelomimesis, or positive feedback, which Deneubourg and Goss roughly translate as do what my neighbour is doing [14]; coupled with a set of common simple rules and invoked by sensing a stimulus, this decentralized system generates a colonylevel response characteristic of the behavioral attributes often ascribed to a superorganism. How does the behavior of such a system arise Sudd suggests that cooperative ....

J-L. Deneubourg and S. Goss. Collective patterns and decision making. Ethology Ecology & Evolution, 1:295-311, 1989.

....walk along the walls of the arena. To produce trail following, a turn towards greater simulated pheromone concentration behavior was added. 4 Results 4. 1 Milling A free roaming robot, Figure 1, falls into a circular mill (turning round and round) in a manner similar to ants (Schneirla, 1944; Deneubourg Goss, 1989). This behavior was expected, but we did not know that ants exhibited this behavior until it was found in a subsequent literature search. In this particular case, the interaction between the robot s need to avoid the walls and its desire to perceive a balanced pheromone level caused it to ....

....model, while producing some interesting and unexpected behavior, is still too simple to model realistic foraging tasks. Future work will extend the model so that further learning questions can be addressed. When presented with a choice between two trails of differing lengths (Goss et al. 1989; Deneubourg Goss, 1989) or a choice between two food sources (Pasteels et al. 1987) the reinforcement of the selection can be seen as a form of Hebbian learning (Millonas, 1992) If an ant at a fork F with a choice between branches A and B chooses A and leaves pheromone, then future ants will be more likely to choose ....

Deneubourg, J. L. & Goss, S. (1989). Collective patterns and decision making.

....task and minimize interference. Much work has been done in the field of Adaptive Behavior and Artificial Life on simulating insect colonies and studying their dynamics. This work has served as inspiration for robot experiments, and includes Deneubourg, Goss, Pasteels, Fresneau Lachaud (1987) Deneubourg Goss (1989), Deneubourg, Goss, Franks, Sendova Franks, Detrain Chretien (1990) Deneubourg, Theraulaz Beckers (1992) Corbara, Drogoul, Fresneau Lalande (1993) Colorni, Dorigo Maniezzo (1992) Drogoul, Ferber, Corbara Fresneau (1992) and many others. 4 The Experimental Setup 4.1 The Robots ....

Deneubourg, J.-L. & Goss, S. (1989), Collective Patterns and Decision-Making, in `Ethology, Ecology and Evolution 1', pp. 295--311.

....In the approach discussed in this paper we distribute the search activities over so called ants, that is, agents with very simple basic capabilities which, to some extent, mimic the behavior of real ants. In fact, research on the behavior of real ants has greatly inspired our work (see [10] [11], 21] One of the problems studied by ethologists was to understand how almost blind animals like ants could manage to establish shortest route paths from their colony to feeding sources and back. It was found that the medium used to communicate information among individuals regarding paths, and ....

J.L.Deneubourg, S.Goss, "Collective patterns and decision-making," Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, Vol.1, 295--311, 1989.

....nature of such an approach may make the system very robust against failures of individual control entities. Our approach is inspired by the work of biologists studying social insects, who have uncovered the mechanisms controlling the foraging behaviours of ants (Beckers, Deneubourg Goss, 1992; Deneubourg Goss, 1989; Goss et.al. 1990; Franks, 1989) The most important method is the laying and sensing of trails of pheromones specialised chemical substances which are laid in amounts determined by local circumstances, and which by their local concentration subsequently directly influence an ant s choice of ....

Deneubourg, J.L., & Goss, S. (1989). Collective patterns and decision-making. Ethology, Ecology & Evolution 1, 295-311.

....emergent properties from interactions between agents and their local environment (including other agents) e.g. Pfeifer and Verschure 1995) and that such interactions may bring about more than one pattern. An example is the study on the formation of diverse spatial structure of groups of ants by Deneubourg et al. 1989). Using Monte Carlo simulations, they showed that one simple rule set of trail laying following behavior can generate different characteristic swarm patterns of ants depending on density and distribution of food. Similar considerations may hold for spatial social structures with dominants in the ....

Deneubourg, J. L., and Goss, S. 1989. Collective patterns and decision-making. Ethology, ecology and evolution 1: 295-311.

....In the approach discussed in this paper we distribute the search activities over so called ants, that is, agents with very simple basic capabilities which, to some extent, mimic the behavior of real ants. In fact, research on the behavior of real ants has greatly inspired our work (see [10] [11], 21] One of the problems studied by ethologists was to understand how almost blind animals like ants could manage to establish shortest route paths from their colony to feeding sources and back. It was found that the medium used to communicate information among individuals regarding paths, and ....

J.L.Denebourg, S.Goss, "Collective patterns and decision-making," Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, 1, 295--311, 1989.

.... patterns out of processes and interactions defined at the microscopic level, can be extended to social insects to show that complex collective behavior may emerge from interactions among individuals that exhibit simple behaviors: in these cases, there is no need to invoke individual complexity [11,21]. These recent developments do not only have consequences on the study of social insects, but provide us with powerful tools to transfer knowledge about social insects to the field of intelligent system design. In effect, a social insect colony is undoubtedly a decentralized problem solving ....

Deneubourg, J.-L. & Goss, S. (1989). Collective patterns and decision making. Ethol. Ecol. & Evol. 1, 295-311.

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Deneubourg, J. and Goss, S. 1984. Collective patterns and decisionmaking. Ethology, Ecology, and Evolution, 1:295--311.

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J. Deneubourg and S. Goss, Collective Patterns and Decision-Making, Ethology, Ecology, and Evolution, 1984, 1:295-311.

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J. L. Deneubourg and S. Goss. Collective Patterns and Decision Making. Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, 1:295--311, 1989.

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J.L. Deneubourg and S. Goss. Collective patterns and decision-making. Ethology & Evolution, 1:395--311, 1989.

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Deneubourg JL, Goss S. 1989. Collective patterns and decision-making. Ethol Ecol Evol 1:295--311.

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J. Deneubourg and S. Goss, (1989). Collective patterns and decision making. Ethology, Ecology, and Evolution. 1: 295-311.

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