J. Schirra and E. Stopp. Antlima a listener model with mental images. IJCAI, Chamb#ry, France, 1:175180, 1993.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....and actions is the primary consideration for linearization; secondarily, focusing criteria are used to maintain discourse coherence. 4. 2 Anticipating the listener s visual imagination After relevant propositions are selected and ordered, they are passed on to the listener model Antlima (cf. Schirra Stopp 93] In the sense of an anticipation feedback loop (cf. Jameson Wahlster 82] the construction of an assumed imagination is used to control the planning of utterances. Figure 5: Examples of typicality distributions An adequate mental image is constructed by searching for a maximally typical ....

J. R. J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA -- A Listener Model with Mental Images. In: Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pp. 175--180, Chambery, France, 1993.

.... assign simple truth values to spatial predications, but instead introduces a measure of degrees of applicability that expresses the extent to which a spatial relation is applicable [3] The degree of applicability may also be understood as a measure of typicality for a spatial proposition [10] [37]. On the one hand, more exact scene descriptions are possible since the degree of applicability can be expressed by linguistic hedges [26] such as direkt, directly or in etwa, more or less . One the other hand, the degree of applicability can be used to select the most appropriate reference ....

J. R. J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA --- A Listener Model with Mental Images. In Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pages 175--180, Chambery, France, 1993.

....Andr e, Herzog, Rist, 1988; Egenhofer Herring, 1990) Olivier, Maeda, and Tsuji (1994) used a 2D 1 In the following text only the English expressions for the German prepositions are used. Slight differences between the German and the English may appear. potential field model (see also Schirra Stopp, 1993) to establish spatial relations between objects in 3D space. However using a 2D model for 3D objects is problematic if objects are close in the horizontal but far away in the vertical. In Gapp (1994a) we proposed a computational model of topological and projective relations in 2D and 3D space ....

Schirra, J. R. J., & Stopp, E. (1993). Antlima -- A listener model with mental images. Proc. of the 13 th IJCAI, Chambery, France, 175--180.

....localization is a task in which the integration of language and vision is a required necessity per se. The localization of an object can be processed in two directions: from vision to language (cf. Andr e et al. 1988; Gapp, 1994c ] and from language to vision (cf. Olivier et al. 1994; Schirra and Stopp, 1993 ] In the former, the position of objects in a given spatial scene is described propositionally or in natural language (NL) in the latter a spatial layout is generated from a NL description. In this paper we focus on the generation of descriptions for answering queries about the spatial ....

.... A Computational Model of Spatial Relations Increasingly sophisticated approaches to the computation of spatial relations have been developed in the last couple of decades (e.g. Andr e et al. 1988; Egenhofer and Herring, 1990; Mukerjee and Joe, 1990; Abella and Kender, 1993; Rajagopalan, 1994; Schirra and Stopp, 1993; Olivier et al. 1994 ] In [ Gapp, 1994a ] the CSR 3D 1 system, a model for the computation of topological and projective relations (cf. Talmy, 1983; Herskovits, 1986 ] in 2D and 3D 1 The CSR 3D system (Computation of Spatial Relations in 3D Space) is part of the VITRA (VIsual ....

J. R. J. Schirra and Eva Stopp. Antlima -- a listener model with mental images. In Proc. of the 13 th IJCAI, pages 175-- 180, Chambery, France, 1993.

....and encoding of propositions (see [Andr e et al. 88] Herzog Wazinski 94] To meet the requirements of simultaneous scene description, an incremental generation strategy is employed in our approach. The listener model provides an imagination component (see [Blocher Schirra 95] Schirra Stopp 93] in order to anticipate the listener s visual conceptualizations of the described scene. Since we do not assign simple truth values to spatial predications, but instead have introduced a measure of degrees of applicability that expresses the extent to which a spatial relation is applicable, the ....

J. R. J. Schirra und E. Stopp. ANTLIMA --- A Listener Model with Mental Images. In: Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pp. 175--180, Chambery, France, 1993.

....and actions is the primary consideration for linearization; secondarily, focusing criteria are used to maintain discourse coherence. 4. 2 Anticipating the listener s visual imagination After relevant propositions are selected and ordered, they are passed on to the listener model ANTLIMA (cf. Schirra and Stopp [1993]) which constructs a mental image corresponding to the visual conceptualizations that the system s utterance would elicit in the listener s mind. The (assumed) imagination is compared with the system s visual information and incompatibilities are fed back to the generation component in order ....

J. R. J. Schirra, E. Stopp. ANTLIMA---A Listener Model with Mental Images. In: Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pp. 175--180, Chambery, France, 1993.

....to guide animated human figures through a task. The system is able to interpret simple instructional texts in terms of intentions that the simulated agent should adopt, desired constraints on the agent s behavior and expectations about what will happen in the animation. In the ANTLIMA system (Schirra Stopp, 1993) the generation of animations from text is based on the assumption that the descriptions always refer to the most typical case of a spatial relation or motion. Typicality potential fields are used to characterize the default distribution for the location and velocity of objects, the duration of ....

Schirra, J. and Stopp, E. (1993). ANTLIMA---a listener model with mental images. In Proceedings of the 13th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 175--180, Chambery, France.

....for what is visually perceived. The system SOCCER (cf. Andr e et al. 1989] constructed in VITRA demonstrates the computational link between visual perception and natural language. Here, we concentrate on the interaction between the speaker system SOCCER and its listener model ANTLIMA (cf. [Schirra and Stopp, 1993] ) mediated by the component ANTLIMA KOREF. 2 Three Communicative Questions An objective description of soccer events essentially consists of a sequence of assertions. For the listener of the description, it is crucial to understand each assertion in its corresponding context. Following the ....

....the descriptions of the objects in question have to be determined. An additional component with the particular task of improving the text of the core system concerning communicative aspects is given by the listener model ANTLIMA ANTicipation of the Listeners IMAgery (cf. Schirra, 1992; Schirra and Stopp, 1993; Schirra, 1994] It enables the system to deal with the above mentioned questions of plausibility, correctness, and reference by anticipating the listeners understanding of a planned statement. According to the approach of reference semantics, the listeners have reached a deep understanding of ....

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J. R. J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA -- a listener model with mental images. In Proc. of the 13 th IJCAI, Chambery, 1993.

....to 3dimensional environments. The named relations can be used both for the generation of spatial descriptions, i.e. from an image which represents a spatial configuration to suitable spatial propositions which represent a spatial expression, and for the analysis of spatial propositions. Following [Schirra and Stopp, 1993] and [Blocher and Schirra, 1995] the latter can be used in an anticipation feedback loop in order to check if a listener will be able to understand the planned utterance in the context. Starting with the spatial propositions corresponding to the utterance, a so called mental image is constructed ....

....not sufficient to verbalize only one spatial expression because more information is needed to enable the user to identify an object or a position. The understandability of a locative description could, e.g. be checked in an anticipation feedback loop using a listener model with mental images, see [Schirra and Stopp, 1993] and [Blocher and Schirra, 1995] The answer to a where question, then, can be improved by combining some applicable propositions to get a better spatial description. The number of propositions that can be combined in a German natural language utterance is highly restricted to at most three ....

J. R. J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA -- A Listener Model with Mental Images. In: Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pp. 175--180, Chambey, France. 1993.

....then transformed by the Generation component into a German utterance, taking into account the coherence of the whole report. This core system has been extended by two components: Replai [ Retz Schmidt, 1992 ] which recognizes the plans and intentions of the observed agents, and Antlima Koref [ Schirra and Stopp, 1993; Blocher, 1994; Schirra, 1994; Blocher and Schirra, 1995 ] a listener model. 3 Spatial Relations in VITRA Following [ Herskovits, 1986 ] we distinguish between the basic meaning of a preposition itself and an instance of it with respect to some arguments: an object to be localized (LO) ....

J. R. J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA -- a listener model with mental images. In Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pages 175--180, Chamb'ery, 1993.

....for what is visually perceived. The system SOCCER (cf. Andr e et al. 89] constructed in VITRA demonstrates the computational link between visual perceptions and natural language. Here, we concentrate on the interaction between the speaker system SOCCER and its listener model ANTLIMA (cf. Schirra Stopp 93] mediated by the component ANTLIMA KOREF. 2 Three Communicative Questions An objective description of soccer events essentially consists of a sequence of assertions. For the listener of the description, it is crucial to understand these assertions each in the corresponding context: following ....

.... by the component REPLAI; cf. Retz Schmidt 1991, Retz Schmidt 1992] An additional component with the particular task of improving the text of the core system concerning communicative aspects is given by the listener model ANTLIMA ANTicipation of the Listeners IMAgery (cf. Schirra 93, Schirra Stopp 93, Schirra 94] It enables the system to deal with the abovementioned questions of plausibility, correctness, and reference by anticipating the listeners understanding of a planned statement. According to the approach of reference semantics, the listeners have reached a deep understanding of the ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

J.R.J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA -- A listener model with mental images. In: Proc. of the 13 th IJCAI , Chamb'ery, 1993.

....for spatial relations remains uncomplete, if it only defines how a relation tuple can be computed from the underlying sensory data. Similar issues arise in the field of text understanding and have extensivly been dealt with, e.g. within the LILOG project (cf. Herzog Rollinger 91] In [Schirra Stopp 93] we show how a plausible imagination, i.e. a coherent geometric model, can be generated from a set of propositions. An adequate interpretation is constructed by searching for a maximally typical representation of the situation described by the given propositions. The typicality distribution ....

J. R. J. Schirra and E. Stopp. ANTLIMA -- A Listener Model with Mental Images. In: Proc. of the 13th IJCAI, pp. 175--180, Chambery, France, 1993.

No context found.

J. Schirra and E. Stopp. Antlima a listener model with mental images. IJCAI, Chamb#ry, France, 1:175180, 1993.

No context found.

J. R. J. Schirra and Eva Stopp. ANTLIMA -- A Listener Model with Mental Images. In: Proc. of the 13 th IJCAI, pp. 175--180, Chambery, France, 1993.

No context found.

J. R. J. Schirra, E. Stopp, ANTLIMA - A Listener Model with Mental Images. Proc. of 13th IJCAI, 1993, pp. 175-- 180.

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