Gapp, K.-P. (1995). An Empirically Validated Model for Computing Spatial Relations. In I. Wachsmuth et al. (Eds.), KI-95: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 245-256). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....et al. 1994) consider deictic and intrinsic frames of view. An additional frame of reference, for example, addressee centred, is considered by Schober (1995) Recently, Gapp presented an approach to the computation and empirical evaluation of the meanings of basic spatial relations in 3D space (Gapp, 1995). His main emphasis was on clarifying the dependencies between angle, distance and shape with respect to simple idealised objects. Figure 1. Example scene: the anthropomorphic agent in a virtual office room In our project we consider a more complex setting with a visible listener, where spatial ....

Gapp, K.-P. (1995). An Empirically Validated Model for Computing Spatial Relations. In I. Wachsmuth et al. (Eds.), KI-95: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 245-256). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

....non symmetric regions of different sizes for the four basic directions, we are not sure whether these results are applicable to text understanding. For a discussion of the influence of relative size and orientation on the so called acceptance areas see, e.g. Hern andez (1994) Gapp (1994) or Gapp (1995). In our model, we usually know neither the exact sizes, nor the exact distances and angles of objects. Therefore it is hard to include these results in our definitions. Other results from Zimmer et al. 1998) support the theory that the four base relations are nearly exclusively used for the ....

Gapp, K.-P. (1995). An Empirically Validated Model for Computing Spatial Relations. In Proceedings of the 19th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence (KI-95), Bielefeld, Germany, September 1995. Also published as SFB 314 (VITRA), Bericht Nr. 118, Juli 1995.

.... such as distance or angle are defined using cubic spline functions with a value range from 0 to 1, i.e. from not at all to highly applicable (see [Gapp, 1994a] These functions are adjustable to and have already in part been validated by the results of cognitive experiments (see [Gapp, 1995]) According to instantiation rules depending on the reference object(s) we create a so called spatial proposition for every instance of 3 [Menzel, 1994] introduces the notion of weak anytime algorithms which also have monotonical performance profiles without being identical for every ....

K.-P. Gapp. An Empirically Validated Model for Computing Spatial Relations. In: I. Wachsmuth, C.-R. Rollinger, and W. Brauer (eds.), KI-95: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. 19th Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 245--256. Springer, Berlin, 1995.

....Based on these theoretical assumptions, the applicability of a projective spatial expression (and also its selection) should primarily be dependent on the deviation of the angular direction in reality from the prototypical angular direction. Empirical support for this relationship was reported by Gapp (1995). He presented his subjects with configurations of two simple geometric objects with different angular relations between a to be located object and a reference object, and he asked his subjects to judge the applicability of different expressions from 0 to 1 (from not applicable to perfectly ....

....of RO. We introduced the listener to make the production conditions more real and to set up a situation in which locative expressions had a real pragmatic function. In addition, we systematically varied the spatial relation between RO and LO. We did this the same way it was done in the study from Gapp (1995) in which the applicability was rated. 5 2 Experiment 1 In the experiment, the production of locative expressions was investigated under conditions which simulated everyday situations. A speaker informed another person, using locative expressions about the position of an object which was being ....

Gapp, K.-P. (1995). An empirically validated model for computing spatial relations. In I.

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K.-P. Gapp. An empirically validated model for computing spatial relations. In Proc. of KI-95, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1995. Springer. To appear.

....KI Labor am Lehrstuhl f ur Informatik IV Leitung: Prof. Dr. W. Wahlster VITRA Universit at des Saarlandes FB 14 Informatik IV Postfach 151150 D 66041 Saarbr ucken Fed. Rep. of Germany Tel. 0681 302 2363 Bericht Nr. 119 Object Localization: Selection of Optimal Reference Objects Klaus Peter Gapp Juli 1995 ISSN 0944 7814 Object Localization: Selection of Optimal Reference Objects Klaus Peter Gapp Department of Computer Science University of Saarbrucken D 66041 Saarbrucken, Germany Abstract. The quality of an object localization depends essentially on the adequate selection of a suitable reference. ....

Gapp, K.-P. (1995b). An empirically validated model for computing spatial relations. Proc. of KI-95, Berlin, Heidelberg. Springer. To appear.

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Gapp, K.-P. #1995#, An Empirically Validated Model for Computing Spatial Relations, In I. Wachsmuth et al. #Eds.# KI-95: Advances in Arti#cial Intelligence, 245-256, Springer-Verlag.

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