D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....4 shows feedforward synaptic weights for the level 1 (equivalent to V1) and level 2 (V2) units that were learned using Equation 43. The level 1 receptive fields resemble non orthogonal wavelet like edge bar detectors at different orientations similar to the receptive fields of simple cells in V1 [Hubel and Wiesel, 1962;1968; Palmer et al. 1991] see also [Olshausen and Field, 1996; Harpur and Prager, 1996; Bell and Sejnowski, 1996] These have previously been modeled as 2D Gabor functions [Daugman, 1980; Marcelja, 1980 ] or difference of 17 Gaussian operators [Young, 1985] The level 2 receptive fields ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

....to natural time varying images, neurons in a simulated network developed localized receptive fields oriented in both space and space time, similar to the receptive fields of neurons in the primary visual cortex. 1 Introduction Since the seminal experiments of Hubel and Wiesel over 30 years ago[Hubel and Wiesel, 1962; 1968 ] it has been known that neurons in the mammalian primary visual cortex respond selectively to stimuli such as edges or bars at particular orientations. In many cases, the neurons are directionally selective i.e. they respond only to motion in a particular direction. An especially useful ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

.... is to describe the formation of a spatio temporal image obtained by central projection of a scene onto a planar detector array (in the sequel coined as image) The description of the image formation, i.e. the set of rules needed to construct the image, is based on two insights acquired in biology [2], computer vision [4] physics [3] and mathematics [1] The rst insight is that directed and oriented circuit or path integrals of physical observations on the detector array reveal curvatures of image formation. The second that a dynamic scale space of these curvatures yields a stable and ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive elds, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:106154, 1962.

....morphology 1. Introduction Our rst aim will be to present a modern geometric and statistical physical method for quantifying the formation of an image. This description of the image formation, i.e. the set of rules needed to construct the image, is based on two insights acquired in biology [18], computer vision [32, 30] physics [19] and mathematics [10] The rst insight is that directed and oriented circuit or path integrals of physical observations on the detector array reveal the set of construction rules. The second insight is that a dynamic scale space of this set yields a stable ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive elds, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:106154, 1962.

....however [8] 40] forthcoming from the axiomatic study of scale space, enables the robust extraction of high order structure, even in noisy data. There is a striking similarity of the receptive eld structures found in the mammalial visual cortex with these higher order dioeerential operators [13], 14] 45] 46] 47] 48] This paper is organised as follows. In section 2 a short review is given of classical scale space theory. A novel approach is presented to derive a complete set of multiscale dioeerential operators from a Lie group theoretical approach: after the derivation of the ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive elds, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:106154, 1962.

....previous examples in the literature [1] 6] which have employed elongated edge operators instead of purely smoothing based operators. These have often been motivated by biological vision systems where contrast sensitive neurons occurring early in the visual pathway have elongated receptive fields [5]. Ignoring the issue of smoothing for a moment, we can imagine how an elongated operator might be used to measure the spatial support of an edge contour based on the examples in Figure 1.4. Consider edge operators that have an elongated spatial extent. To infer an edge at a given position, it ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J. Physiology, 160:106--156, 1962.

....detection and texture analysis [77] The dynamical models, on the other hand, are for motion analysis, in which the input images are also sampled in the temporal domain. Receptive Fields The biological mechanisms responsible for the local computations in early vision are the receptive fields [3, 30, 52, 71], whose computational properties are modeled extensively in vision research [27, 66, 91] Both spatial and frequency domain methods have been used for modeling early vision modules [27, 28, 29, 92] Scale Space One of the parameters inherent in the receptive field modeling is the size of each ....

....by the optic nerve exiting from the retina are the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the visual cortex. The LGN is largely responsible for the relay of visual information to the visual cortex, which is roughly subdivided into three areas: areas 17, 18, and 19. The results of Hubel and Wiesel [52] showed that the so called simple cells in area 17 are orientation selective according to the physical structure of hyper columns. Each column is selective to only one direction. Later other results were established concerning the frequency selectivity of the simple cells (DeValois et al. 29] ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J. Physiol. London, 160:106--154, 1962.

....described in detail in Section 3, also have attractive properties for detecting certain types of localized contrasts in an image. 2.2 Development of Orientation Selective Cells in Self Organizing Neural Networks. Through their studies of the visual striate cortex (area 17) of the cat and monkey, Hubel and Weisel (1962,68) found neurons that are selectively sensitive to light bars and edges of a certain orientation. They also detected functional columns in which neurons within a column are sensitive to the same orientation, and neighboring columns tend to respond to stimuli of similar orientation. Malsburg ....

....and function of neuronal receptive fields in the post retinal ganglion cells, the LGN, and the striate cortex. Until recently, two schools of thought dominated theories of early biological vision or neuronal image processing: the feature detection paradigm as exemplified by the early work of Hubel and Weisel (1959, 1962) and the Fourier decomposition paradigm as exemplified by the somewhat later work of Pantle and Sekular (1970) Briefly, the first school of thought held the view that early visual information processing entailed the detection of specific features processed by higher abstract mechanisms; the ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J. Physiol. London, vol. 160, pp. 106-154, 1962.

....layer instead of full connections, namely, a neuron in the first layer is connected only to a limited subset of O 0 j s. This concept is borrowed from mammalian visual system where from the retina to the primary visual cortex most of the neurons have a limited receptive field of visual input [11]. The major role of the first layer neurons is to extract the most important local features from the input environment. Different neurons get their information from different spatio temporal regions. first layer input first layer connection second layer connection second layer output third layer ....

.... been applied to model the development of early visual pathways [17, 18, 19, 20] It has been shown that the leading principal components for natural images resemble the derivatives of Gaussian operators [21] similar to the spatial receptive fields of simple cells found in primary visual cortex [11]. Our motivation in using PCA for the first layer connections comes directly from the organization in biological visual system: phototubes on the sphere are analogous to photo receptors on retina and the neurons in the first layer are analogous to simple cells in primary visual cortex. Whenever it ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel, Receptive fields, binocular interactions, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J. Physiol. (London) Vol 160 pp 106--154 (1962)

....4 shows feedforward synaptic weights W for the level 1 (equivalent to V1) and level 2 (V2) units that were learned using Equation 43. The level 1 receptive fields resemble non orthogonal wavelet like edge bar detectors at different orientations similar to the receptive fields of simple cells in V1 [Hubel and Wiesel, 1962;1968; Palmer et al. 1991] see also [Olshausen and Field, 1996; Harpur and Prager, 1996; Bell and Sejnowski, 1996] These have previously been modeled as 2D Gabor functions [Daugman, 1980; Marcelja, 1980] or difference of Gaussian operators [Young, 1985] The level 2 receptive fields were ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

....Approximately centered and normalized images enter at the input layer. Each unit in a plane receives input from a small neighborhood in the planes of the previous layer. The idea of connecting units to local receptive fields dates back to the 1960s with the perceptron and Hubel and Wiesel s [15] discovery of locally sensitive, orientation selective neurons in the cat s visual system [23] The weights forming the receptive field for a plane are forced to be equal at all points in the plane. Each plane can be considered as a feature map which has a fixed feature detector that is convolved ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

....with the computational machinery responsible for perception. Yet even here, neurons quite close to the retinal input are described as feature detectors. Indeed, early attempts to account for these findings proposed that the function of these neurons is to signal the presence of these features [7, 8]. However, simulations using an artificial neural network (ANN) to perform a simple shape from shading task [9] have demonstrated that the types of feature detectors observed in the retina and in the primary visual cortex (V1) can arise (in an ANN) in the absence of corresponding retinal ....

DH Hubel and TN Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:160--154, 1962.

....with the computational machinery responsible for perception. Yet even here, neurons quite close to the retinal input are described as feature detectors. Indeed, early attempts to account for these findings proposed that the function of these neurons is to signal the presence of these features [7, 2]. However, simulations using an artificial neural network (ANN) to perform a simple shape from shading task [9] have demonstrated that the types of feature detectors observed in the retina and in the primary visual cortex can arise (in an ANN) in the absence of corresponding retinal features. ....

DH Hubel and TN Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:160--154, 1962.

....of these dynamics uses Kalman Filter circuits shown in Figure 2. Most neurons in the visual cortex encode information in a highly selective fashion, typically responding only to a limited range of input stimuli such as moving bars of a particular orientation, velocity, and direction of movement [ Hubel and Wiesel, 1962; Hubel and Wiesel, 1965 ] These common properties of cortical cells can be seen as small transformations which can be modeled by extending the MDL error metric to include additional terms, as summarized in Table 1 [ Rao and Ballard, 1997; Rao and Ballard, 1996a; Rao and Ballard, 1998a ] ....

....to Sigma30 35 of RF size, with moderate reductions in reconstruction accuracy. From [Rao and Ballard, 1998a] those observed in the cortex. In the classical phenomenon of endstopping neurons that respond vigorously to a bar have diminished responses as the bar extends beyond the classical RF [ Hubel and Wiesel, 1962; Hubel and Wiesel, 1965 ] Endstopping has previously been characterized as a feedforward effect caused primarily by lateral inhibition from neighboring cells [ Hubel and Wiesel, 1965; Dobbins et al. 1987 ] but results from the model suggest that end inhibition may be explained more generally ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

....to natural time varying images, neurons in a simulated network developed localized receptive fields oriented in both space and space time, similar to the receptive fields of neurons in the primary visual cortex. 1 Introduction Since the seminal experiments of Hubel and Wiesel over 30 years ago [Hubel and Wiesel, 1962; 1968] it has been known that neurons in the mammalian primary visual cortex respond selectively to stimuli such as edges or bars at particular orientations. In many cases, the neurons are directionally selective i.e. they respond only to motion in a particular direction. An especially useful ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

....the existence of populations of velocity tuned cells is somewhat hypothetical. There is a very large literature on the behavior of so called simple cells and complex cells in layer V1 of the visual cortex. The standard view of simple cells is that they behave like oriented linear filters [48, 19]. There are two noticeable departures from linearity. The first is that the cell responses are rectified: cell firing rates are by definition positive, and simple cells have a fairly low background firing rate. The second is that the outputs of the cells do not continue to grow linearly with input ....

D. Hubel and T. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J. Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

....of the underlying processes in human vision, it may be of some use. Neuropsychological Evidence As Dodwell [11] has pointed out, a lot of structure has been discovered in the mammalian visual cortex [19] which may offer evidence in support of the LTG model. In particular, it has been found [18] that receptive fields have certain vector like properties which would be in keeping with the cancellation process described above. In addition, Bigun [4] has noted the relevance of certain experiments ( 21] 27] in which circularly symmetric shapes (i.e. shapes invariant under rotation, see ....

D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive Fields, Binocular Interaction, and Functional Architecture in the Cat's Visual Cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:106-- 154, 1962.

....Approximately centered and normalized images enter at the input layer. Each unit in a plane receives input from a small neighborhood in the planes of the previous layer. The idea of connecting units to local receptive fields dates back to the 1960s with the perceptron and Hubel and Wiesel s [15] discovery of locally sensitive, orientation selective neurons in the cat s visual system [23] The weights forming the receptive field for a plane are forced to be equal at all points in the plane. Each plane can be considered as a feature map which has a fixed feature detector that is convolved ....

D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

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D.H. Hubel and T.N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J Physiol, 160:106--154, 1962.

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:106--154, 1962.

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:185#203, 1981. #25# D Hubel and T Wiesel. Receptive #elds, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology #London#, 160:106#

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D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology, 160:106--154, 1962.

No context found.

D Hubel and T Wiesel. Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology (London), 160:106--154, 1962.

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