| Patton, M.Q. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, California, 1990. |
....of the use of these principles in a case study concerned with the evaluation of a corporate intranet. 1 Introduction To evaluate the usage quality of an IT based information system (IS) a set of principles (heuristics, criteria) to direct attention towards important issues may be useful [1, 2]. Several lists of criteria focusing on usability and user interface design and its relation to user and task characteristics have been proposed, including Jacob Nielsen s ten usability heuristics [2] and Ben Shneiderman s eight golden rules [3] Such criteria are often grounded in cognitive ....
....trying the actability principles, as it was part of a larger project concerning different aspects of contextual IS evaluation (see [7] for further details) In this paper we focus on the actability principles per se and discuss their usefulness in IS evaluation. Thus the main units of analysis [1, 35] for this work have been the Intranet (its function and form) user s perception of the Intranet, and the actability principles as a means for directing attention during evaluation. 4.2 Using the Actability Principles When booking resources through the Intranet a specific screen document is used ....
Patton, M.Q., Qualitative Evaluation andResearch Methods. 2nd ed. 1990, Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.
....data from open ended questions. Direct quotations are the basic source of raw materials, revealing the respondent s depth of concern. This contrasts with the statistical features of quantitative methods, recognised by their encumbrance of predetermined procedures. 3. 2 Qualitative Interviews : In [10] Patton suggests three basic approaches to collecting qualitative data through interviews that are open ended. The three approaches are distinguished by the extent to which the questions are standardised and predetermined, each approach having strengths and weaknesses, dependant upon the purpose ....
Patton, M.Q.>Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods= (2 nd Edit.).SAGE Publications
.... an approach utilizing an analytic framework based on the concept of information systems actability [2, 11] and the notion of practice (the framework is described in detail below) By using an explicit framework, the analysis becomes focused on certain aspects that are believed to be important [17]. This is in contrast to a strictly inductive approach, such as Grounded Theory [26] and favours a reflexive approach in which theory is allowed to evolve as it is being used actively in the research process [5] During such a process, a combination of inductive and deductive approaches becomes ....
Patton, M.Q. 1990. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. SAGE, Newbury Park, CA.
....be reduced. This approach suggested a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. For Miles and Huberman (1984) findings of qualitative studies have a quality of undeniability , in that the organization of words into incidents or stories has a concrete, vivid and meaningful flavour. As Patton (1980) argues, qualitative and quantitative studies need not be mutually exclusive. This project therefore collected data in categories that indicated the nature and levels of teachers cyberphobia, and open ended written teacher comments from which patterns of data emerged. Aims and methodology of the ....
Patton, M. Q. (1980) Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Newbury Park: Sage.
....as What does a workday look like for you , What tasks do you perform , When and how do you use CareSys , Do you like CareSys , Is there anything you perceive as problematic , Has anything in your work changed since the introduction of CareSys , etc. The interviews were semi structured (Patton, 1990) and analysed using the graphical notation of action diagrams and problem diagrams. The action diagrams illustrate the actors, the tasks, prerequisites and results (Goldkuhl, 1992) and problem diagrams illustrate and relate problems to their causes and consequences (Goldkuhl Rstlinger, 1993) ....
Patton, M. (1990) Qualitative Evaluation and Research Method. 2 nd edition. Sage Publication, Newbury Par, California, USA.
....and reconstructed both within the individual, and through social interactions. Shared meanings are created through these social interactions, and these shared meanings constitute social reality (Berger Luckman, 1967; Blumer, 1969; Gillett, 1995; Burrell Morgan, 1979; Henwood Nicolson, 1995; Patton, 1990; Rosenwald, 1988) Asserting the constructedness of reality allows the facticity which is typically assigned to psychological phenomena to lapse. The positivist assumption of a single, static reality gives way to an assumption of temporary, negotiated, and constructed realities; and consequently, ....
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (second ed.). Newbury Park: Sage.
....the research and its purpose, and field notes were taken continually. The analysis of the empirical data aims to make sense of massive amounts of data, reduce the volume of information, identify significant patterns, and construct a framework for communicating the essence of what the data reveal (Patton 1990, p. 371 372) Having transcribed the field notes, we started the coding of the empirical data. This meant going through the data carefully, making notes and labelling data that seemed to capture underlying patterns. In the analysis, we used pseudo HTML to tag the field data, e.g. meetings in the ....
....In the analysis, we used pseudo HTML to tag the field data, e.g. meetings in the office, and Perl scripts for processing it, e.g. meetings in the office following a formal meeting. Gradually, the coding process became a matter of interpretation, i.e. attach significance to what was found. (Patton 1990, p. 423) 4 Results In this section, we summarise the results of the empirical study. The analysis is based on the 88 face to face meetings we observed. These meetings took place away from the desktop for at least one of the participants (thus, they were considered mobile) and they were ....
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. New York, Sage.
.... localise activities to an individual user, and thereby missing to enhance the flexible and unexpected collaboration that often emerges out of a mobile work situation (cf. Luff and Heath 1998) To collect empirical data we observed (Hammersley and Atkinson 1993) and interviewed the mobile staff (Patton 1990). The study lasted for about five months with an average intensity of two days per week. Large parts of the empirical material was transcribed and analysed according to the principles of grounded theory (Glaser and Strauss 1967) Our analysis provides a critique that challenges some of the ....
Patton, M.Q. (1990) Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. New York: Sage.
....has the responsibility for entering commission in a work order database. To access work orders, and other information, the service staff used MC 12s connected to mobile phones. We used ethnographic techniques for data collection, i.e. participant observation [10] and qualitative interviewing [11]. Nine engineers participated in the study, which was done for the purpose of design. Conducting ethnography for the purpose of design has become common in CSCW. The approach has, of course, both pros and cons, which have been discussed by, among others, Hughes et al. 12] The field data was ....
Patton, M.Q. (1990) Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods,. New York: Sage.
....produced by end users (together with designers and e.g. usability people) to be fed back to designers to identify problems is not considered by [23] However, his explanation scenarios could, as I discuss later, be attuned to this purpose. If we take a look at basic interviewing techniques (e.g. 28] we can chose to ask open ended or closed questions and get very different answers. The same is true for scenarios. Open ended scenarios give broad and conceptual answers, whereas closed scenarios tend to give more detailed, specific answers. There are many ways in which a scenario can be ....
M.Q. Patton, Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, 2nd edition. SAGE, Newbury Park, 1990.
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Patton, M.Q. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, California, 1990.
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Patton, M. Q. 1990. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
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Patton, M.Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. (2nd ed.). California, USA: SAGE Publications Ltd.
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Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Sage Publications, London.
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M.Q. Patton. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, 2nd edn. Newbury Park, California: SAGE, 1990.
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Patton, M. Q. 1990. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
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M. Q. Patton. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Sage Publications, London, second edition, 1990.
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Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Sage Publications, London.
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Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, 2. edition. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA.
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Patton, M. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; 1980.
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Patton, M. Q., (1990) "Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods." (2 Ed.) Sage Publications, Newbury Park.
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Patton, M.Q. (1990) Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, New York: Sage.
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Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
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Patton, M.Q. (1990) Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. New York: Sage.
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Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
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