M. Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier---user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1993.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....and other agent models to decide the exact choices to be made. Will be a rule based system. Generic Conversational Architecture. The natural language processing system at the heart of the architecture. This system will be an existing, third party architecture such as the FUF SURGE package [3, 5]. The system should be flexible to allow the otherwise arbitrary behavioural choices in language use to be determined from the personality emotion social role and other agent models in the fuller architecture. 4 Emotional Personality Modification of Conversational Behaviour The central ....

....Language Use Manager. Implementation of the Proposed Agents Architecture The architecture proposal described above shall be fully implemented in software. This will require an appropriate selection of the generic NLP system to be used (currently the FUF SURGE package developed by Michael Elhadad [3, 5]) and determination of the data structures and techniques used to develop the remaining modules. Development of the Cluedo Game Already well developed and implemented in software, the Cluedo game requires further work to refine the scenario generation phase, thus leading to richer and more ....

Elhadad, M. 1993. FUF: The universal unifier--- user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University.

....is not designed to generate a plan that will eventually transfer the information to the user optimally, but instead to generate as many plans as possible, which nevertheless transfer the information in an acceptable way. The way this is implemented is as a functional unification grammar [6] in FUF [2]. The grammar is a feature description that consists of a number of alternatives, most of which represent an utterance with its constraints on application, its semantic structure and its effect of the user s knowledge. The process of text planning is a step wise unification of the input with the ....

....constituents in a top down breadth first manner. The cset attribute enables the grammar writer to overrule this default and explicitly specify the constituents. This options is used to force processing of al units (by cset = units) before the next section is processes (by cset (next) See [2]. 4 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 concept unit bmb 2 6 4 dep place unknown dep time unknown conveyance unknown 3 7 5 act concept clause sem Take the hconveyancei from hdep placei at hdep timei # next 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 ....

Michael Elhadad. FUF: The Universal Unifier - User Manual, version 5.2. New York, 1993. Technical Report CUCS-038-91.

.... of an HPSG 3 style grammar of German (used for parsing and generation, but on a different software platform) and a morphology module were available inhouse [ Trost, 1991; Trost and Matiasek, 1994 ] A LISP based generator was available as public domain software, namely the FUF package [ Elhadad, 1991 ] The integration task of these components and the working of the generator is described more throughly in [ Matiasek and Buchberger, 1995 ] here only the aspects relevant for the generation of idiomatic expressions especially the way lexically driven processing is implemented within ....

....and the working of the generator is described more throughly in [ Matiasek and Buchberger, 1995 ] here only the aspects relevant for the generation of idiomatic expressions especially the way lexically driven processing is implemented within FUF will be sketched. 3. 1 The FUF generator FUF [ Elhadad, 1991 ] implements a surface generator for natural language. It is based on the theory of functional unification grammar [ Kay, 1979 ] and employs both phrase structure rules (encoded by a special category feature) and unification of feature descriptions. Input to FUF is a partial feature description ....

Elhadad, M. 1991. FUF: The Universal Unifier User Manual, Version 5.0. Technical report, Dept.of Computer Science, Columbia University.

....of this component is a sequence of expressions in the sentence plan language SPL, forming the input for the tactical generator. The tactical generator was originally developed for the use within a multilingual text generation system. It has been built by combining preexisting resources: FUF (Elhadad, 1991), a unification based generation engine, an HPSG grammar for German, and X2MorF (Trost, 1991) an extended two level morphology component. The integration of these resources is described in (Matiasek and Trost, 1996) A distinctive feature of the tactical generator is the tight integration of ....

Elhadad, Michael. 1991. Fuf: The universal unifier user manual, version 5.0. Technical report, Dept.of Computer Science, Columbia University, NY.

....linguistic component determines the phrases and surface syntactic form of the summary. The linguistic component consists of a lexical chooser, which determines the high level sentence structure of each sentence and the words which realize each semantic role, and the fuf surge sentence generator [Elhadad, 1991, Elhadad, 1993] As mentioned earlier, input to summons is a set of templates, where each 18 template represents the information extracted from one or more articles by a message understanding system. We should note that we based our implementation both on output templates from actual muc systems ....

Michael Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.0. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1991.

....unification with a functional grammar. In the streak prototype, the domain knowledge base is implemented in classic [ Resnick et al. 1990 ] and the surface sentence generator is surge [ Elhadad 1992 ] an realization grammar of English working with the functional unifier fuf [ Elhadad 1990 ] Elhadad 1991 ] 33 Because of these biases and in order to ensure maximum uniformity the three layers are syntactically identical: they are all fuf feature structures. A fuf feature structure is essentially a set of attribute value pairs. The value of a fuf attribute can be either: 1) an atom, 2) an ....

....created head sss) Figure 31: An example of revision rule 52 4.2. 4 The surface sentence generator To produce actual English sentences streak will rely on the general purpose surface sentence generator developed by [ Elhadad 1992 ] This system consists of the functional unifier fuf [ Elhadad 1991 ] underlying the implementation of the other components of streak and of the English grammar surge (Semantic Unification Realization Grammar of English) fuf produces an English sentence by unifying surge with an input Functional Description (FD) In streak, this input FD is the DGS of the final ....

M. Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.0. Technical Report CUCS038 -91, Columbia University, 1991.

....the operationality of both the new generation model and the new type of linguistic knowledge acquired during the corpus analysis. For this implementation, I built on a pre existing software environment dedicated to the development of language generation systems: the fuf surge package [ Elhadad 1993a ] Elhadad 1993b ] fuf (Functional Unification Formalism) is a programming language based on functional unification [ Kay 1979 ] 16 . Both the input and the output of a fuf program are features structures called Functional Descriptions (FDs) The program itself, called a Functional Grammar ....

....or a set of synonymous complex sentences concisely expressing all the facts in the IDSS plus as many facts from the ADSS list that could be fit in without exceeding the maximum word length or syntactic depth observed in the corpus lead sentences. streak is implemented using the fuf surge package [ Elhadad 1993a ] Elhadad 1993b ] for developing language generation application. This package is presented in detail in Appendix B. It consists of: ffl fuf [ Elhadad 1993b ] Elhadad 1993a ] a special purpose programming language for text generation based on functional unification. ffl surge, a ....

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M. Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1993.

....and phonological rules to arrive at the representation used as input for the speech synthesizer. Determining and encoding prosody mainly involves the tactical generator and the two level component. 2. 1 The Tactical Generator The implementation basis for the tactical generator is the FUF [Elhadad 91] system. FUF is based on the theory of functional unification grammar and employs both phrase structure rules (being encoded by means of a special category feature) and unification of feature descriptions. Input to FUF is a partially specified feature description which constrains the utterance ....

Elhadad M.: FUF: The Universal Unifier User Manual, Dept.of Computer Science, Columbia University, 1991.

....semantic strata and lexico grammar strata. Here, we will introduce four different software environments: FUF, GENESYS, WAG, and NIGLE. FUF is a general purpose text generation system that uses the constraint based formalisms functional unification grammar (FUG) techniques and typed features [7, 8]. We use this generation system in our implementation. So, in Chapter 4, FUF and its approach to the implementation of a text generator will be considered in more detail. GENESYS provides an integrated environment for developing SFGs [26] GENESYS also uses the FUG formalism like FUF. In addition, ....

.... semantic description of the text to be generated, and an extended form of FUG, and then produces, as output, a rich syntactic description of the text or some new inputs 1 (the semantic and syntactic descriptions for the grammatical units that realize the specific components of the text) [8]. After the unification process, the linearizer takes the generated syntactic description as input, and then produces the morphological description of the text. At the end, a morphological generator may produce the worded text. As a result, the final text generation system can be organized as ....

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M. Elhadad. FUF: the Universal Unifier User manual 5.2. Department of Computer Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, June 1993.

....####### ##### ########## ###### .###### #### ### ## ###### ##### ## ##### . #### ### ### ###### ####### (###### ###### ###### ## ######### ###### ######) ###### ### ####### ## ##### ######## ## ##### ####### ### ######## ,#### ###### ### #### ##### ######### ####### Samuelsson (1995) ##### #### Elhadad (1989) .##### ####### ###### ##### ####### ##### ###### ### ##### .####### ###### ##### ## ####### ,Functional Unification Formalism (FUF) #### ####### #### ###### #### ## #### ######## ###### Calder, Reape, and Zeevat (1989) functional unification grammar) ########### . unification categorial ....

Elhadad, Michael, 1989. FUF: the Universal Unifier User Manual. Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York.

....the German tactical generator 1 an implementation of an HPSG 2 style grammar of German (used for parsing and generation, but on a different software platform) and a morphology module were available inhouse. A LISP based generator was available as public domain software, namely the FUF package [2]. Before we describe the integration task we will briefly sketch the main characteristics of these resources, emphasizing those aspects which either cause problems for integration or provide the means for performing the integration task. 1 The task of a tactical generator is to produce ....

....1 The task of a tactical generator is to produce sentential or subsentential phrases corresponding to a semantic input specification and does not include text planning. 2 Head Driven Phrase Structure Grammar [9, 10] 2 Characteristics of the available resources 2. 1 The FUF Generator FUF [2] implements a surface generator for natural language. It is based on the theory of functional unification grammar [5] and employs both phrase structure rules (being encoded by means of a special category feature) and unification of feature descriptions. Input to FUF is a partially specified ....

Elhadad, M. 1991. FUF: The Universal Unifier User Manual, Version 5.0. Technical report, Dept.of Computer Science, Columbia University.

....given structure in Table 2. 4 Implementation In order to develop a text generator with the systemic functional grammar, we need to implement the linguistic descriptions (system networks and realization rules) in a computational environment. For this purpose, we use the FUF text generation system (Elhadad, 1993) including its functional unification grammar (FUG) and typed feature formalisms. In this section, we present a brief overview of the generation in FUF, and then, we particularly consider the generation of simple sentences. The FUF text generation system consists of two main modules: a unifier and ....

.... input Linearizer An Application Lexicon Semantic Figure 2: The Architecture of the Text Generator as output a rich syntactic description of the text or some new inputs 7 (the semantic and syntactic descriptions) for the grammatical units that realize the specific components of the text (Elhadad, 1993). After the unification process, the linearizer takes the generated syntactic description as input, and then produces the morphological description of the text. The morphology unit produces the worded text by using this morphological description (Oflazer, 1993) We assume that an application ....

M. Elhadad. FUF: the Universal Unifier User manual 5.2. Department of Computer Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, June 1993.

....Nominalization to (1a) and Adjunctization to (2a) respectively yielding (1b) and (2b) but not vice versa There is no game result NP in (1a) to be adjunctized and is no game result verb in (2a) to be nominalized. 6. 3 Processing components All four processing component are implemented in fuf [ Elhadad, 1990 ] Elhadad and Robin, 1992 ] Elhadad, 1993a ] a special purpose programming language 10 for building generation systems. fuf is based on functional unification [ Kay, 1979 ] of an input Feature Structure (FS) with a Feature Structure Grammar (FSG) serving as declarative knowledge source. ....

Elhadad, M. 1993a. Fuf: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University.

....analysis described in the previous sections. In order to develop a text generator with the systemic functional grammar, we need to implement the linguistic descriptions (system networks and realization rules) in a computational environment. For this purpose, we use the FUF text generation system[4] including its functional unification grammar (FUG) and typed feature formalisms. In this section, we present a brief overview of the generation in FUF, and then, we particularly consider the generation of noun and verbal groups. The FUF text generation system consists of two main modules: a ....

.... semantic description of the text to be generated, and an extended form of FUG, and then produces as output a rich syntactic description of the text or some new inputs 3 (the semantic and syntactic descriptions) for the grammatical units that realize the specific components of the text [4]. After the unification process, the linearizer takes the generated syntactic description as input, and then produces the morphological description of the text. The morphology unit produces the worded text by using this morphological description [11] We assume that an application program that is ....

M. Elhadad, FUF: The Universal Unifier User Manual 5.2, Department of Computer Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 1993.

....of the draft are shown in figure 3. Those involved in the revision of this draft and the final natural language output are shown in figure 4 11 . The surface sentence generator has been designed and implemented by M.Elhadad. It is composed of a functional unifier fuf [ Elhadad 1990 ] Elhadad 1991 ] and a grammar of English 12 . The functional unifier fuf also drives all the rule based components of the system. Although streak does not currently have a knowledge base management system, it does have a small basketball knowledge base. The latter is implemented in classic [ Resnick et al. ....

M. Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.0. Technical Report CUCS038 -91, Columbia University, 1991.

....system architecture and implementation are discussed in more detail in [45,46] 2.4. 1 Underlying formalism: Functional Unification Grammars Implementation of streak builds on a pre existing software environment dedicated to the development of language generation systems: the fuf surge package [9,10]. fuf (Functional Unification Formalism) is a programming language based on functional unification [25] 20 . Both the input and the output of a fuf program are feature structures called Functional Descriptions (FDs) The program itself, called a Functional Grammar (FG) is also a feature ....

M. Elhadad. Fuf: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1993.

....For the German tactical generator an implementation of an HPSG 3 style grammar of German (used for parsing and generation, but on a different software platform) and a morphology module were available inhouse. A LISP based generator was available as public domain software, namely the FUF package (Elhadad 1991). The integration task of these components and the working of the generator is described more throughly in Matiasek and Buchberger 1995, here only the aspects relevant for the generation of idiomatic expressions especially the way lexically driven processing is implemented within FUF will be ....

....and the working of the generator is described more throughly in Matiasek and Buchberger 1995, here only the aspects relevant for the generation of idiomatic expressions especially the way lexically driven processing is implemented within FUF will be sketched. 3. 1 The FUF generator FUF (Elhadad 1991) implements a surface generator for natural language. It is based on the theory of functional unification grammar (Kay 1979) and employs both phrase structure rules (encoded by a special category feature) and unification of feature descriptions. Input to FUF is a partial feature description ....

Elhadad, M. 1991. FUF: The Universal Unifier User Manual, Version 5.0. Technical report, Dept.of Computer Science, Columbia University.

....it should be usable in a wide variety of system architectures and application domains. We come back to these criterion in Section 6 when we compare surge with other syntactic realization components. 3 The fuf surge package surge is implemented in the special purpose programming language fuf [4] [5] and it is distributed as a package with a fuf interpreter. This interpreter has two components: ffl The functional unifier that fleshes out the input skeletal tree with syntactic features from the grammar. ffl The linearizer that inflects each word at the bottom of the fleshed out tree and ....

M. Elhadad. Fuf: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1993.

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M. Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier---user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1993.

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Michael Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.0. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, 1991.

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Michael Elhadad. FUF: The universal unifier user manual. Technical report, Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, 1989.

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Elhadad M.: FUF: The Universal Unifier User Manual, Dept.of Computer Science, Columbia University, 1991.

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Semiotica, 1:49-48. Elhadad, M. (1993). FUF: the universal unifier - user manual, version 5.2. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University, New York.

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Elhadad, Michael. 1991. FUF: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.0. Tech Report CUCS038 -91, Columbia Univ.

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Michael Elhadad. 1991. Fuf: The universal unifier - user manual, version 5.0. Technical Report CUCS-038-91, Columbia University.

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